INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS

CRITIQUE OF K. CHANDRU COMMITTEE REPORT: SOLUTIONS AND SHORTCOMIGS BY - ANANYA SINGH

Authors: ANANYA SINGH

Registration ID: 108822 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8822

Year : Dec -2024 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id: ananya23BAL011@gnlu.ac.in

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DOI Link :: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/12.2024-17451814/CRITIQUE OF K. CHANDRU COMMITTEE REPORT: SOLUTIONS

A CASE STUDY ON PARLIAMENTARY PRIVILEGES: RAJA RAM PAL V. HONBLE SPEAKER, LOK SABHA AND ORS. (2007) 3 SCC 184 BY - DR. MANISHA BANIK

Authors: DR. MANISHA BANIK

Registration ID: 108821 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8821

Year : Dec -2024 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id: banik.manisha@gmail.com

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DOI Link :: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/12.2024-38673285/A CASE STUDY ON PARLIAMENTARY PRIVILEGES: RAJA RAM

ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF GLOBALISATION ON INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL LAW IN LIGHT OF PROMOTING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT BY - ANANYA SINGH

Authors: ANANYA SINGH

Registration ID: 108820 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8820

Year : Dec -2024 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id: ananyasingh1211199@gmail.com

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DOI Link :: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/12.2024-43659783/ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF GLOBALISATION ON INTERNATI

ESTABLISHING EQUITABLE JUSTICE: THE CLIMACTERIC ROLE OF THE SUPREME COURT BY - SOURYA GOPAL MUKHERJI

Authors: SOURYA GOPAL MUKHERJI

Registration ID: 108819 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8819

Year : Dec -2024 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id: mukherjeesourya798@gmail.com

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THE IMPACT OF DIWALI CELEBRATION ON THE YAMUNA RIVER BY - NIYATI PATEL & DR. RESHMA UMAIR

Authors: NIYATI PATEL & DR. RESHMA UMAIR

Registration ID: 108817 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8817 & IJLRA8818

Year : Dec -2024 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id: ZOYABHISHEK1107@GMAIL.COM

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TRANSFORMATIVE EVOLUTION: A DEEP DIVE INTO THE COMPANIES ACTS JOURNEY IN INDIA OVER THE LAST DECADE BY - CS SIMRANJEET KAUR

Authors: CS SIMRANJEET KAUR

Registration ID: 108816 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8816

Year : Dec -2024 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id: simranjeetkaur1947@gmail.com

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SEDITION AND COMEDY BY - BHAVINI KODAVANTI

Authors: BHAVINI KODAVANTI

Registration ID: 108815 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8815

Year : Dec -2024 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id: bhavinikodavanti25@gmail.com

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THE CACOPHONY OF DATA - TRANSPARENCY VIS - A - VIS PROTECTION BY - PRIYADARSHINI BANDYOPADHYAY

Authors: PRIYADARSHINI BANDYOPADHYAY

Registration ID: 108814 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8814

Year : Dec -2024 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id: barshabanerjee2@gmail.com

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THE BURDEN OF OVERTIME WORKLOAD: A DOUBLE-EDGED SWORD FOR EMPLOYEE LIVES BY - S. IRFANA RUHAIYA

Authors: S. IRFANA RUHAIYA

Registration ID: 108813 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8813

Year : Dec -2024 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id: irfanaruhaiya@gmail.com

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JUSTICE UNDER SIEGE: HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE SHADOW OF POLICE TORTURE IN INDIA BY - DIVYA.M

Authors: DIVYA.M

Registration ID: 108812 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8812

Year : Dec -2024 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id: divyamurugesan555@gmail.com

Page No : 25 | No of times Downloads: 0065

DOI Link :: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/12.2024-28744873/JUSTICE UNDER SIEGE: HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE SHADOW OF

International journal for legal research and analysis

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[4] Raja Ram Pal v. Hon’ble Speaker, Lok Sabha and Ors., (2007) 3 SCC 184 available at https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1757390/

[5] Raja Ram Pal v. Hon’ble Speaker, Lok Sabha and Ors., (2007) 3 SCC 184 available at https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1757390/

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[21] Chandra Bansi Singh v. State of Bihar, (1984) 4 S.C.C. 316.

[22] INDIA CONST. art 142, cl 1. The clause states that:

“142. Enforcement of decrees and orders of Supreme Court and orders as to discovery, etc

(1)The Supreme Court in the exercise of its jurisdiction may pass such decree or make such order as is necessary for doing complete justice in any cause or matter pending before it, and any decree so passed or order so made shall be enforceable throughout the territory of India in such manner as may be prescribed by or under any law made by Parliament and, until provision in that behalf is so made, in such manner as the President may by order prescribe”.

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[2] Assistant Professor, Amity University Uttar Pradesh

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[9] Rule 4 of Companies (Appointment and Qualification of Directors) Rules, 2014

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[1] Carissa Véliz, What Socrates Can Teach Us About AI, https://time.com/6299631/what-socrates-can-teach-us- about-ai/, published on: August 1, 2023. (14 September, 2024).

[2] jbseamless71, Socrates, Phaedrus, and the Age of AI: The Paradox of Intelligence, https://medium.com/@ballardjasona/socrates-phaedrus-and-the-age-of-ai-the-paradox-of- intelligence-421059497a77, published on: 27th July 2024, (14th September 2024).

[3] (Dr.) Murphy Joseph, The Power of Subconscious mind, Embassy Books, Reprinted 2012, P-38.

[4] Bombal David, You need to learn AI in 2024! (And here is your roadmap),

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[5] Henrik Kniberg, Generative AI in a Nutshell - how to survive and thrive in the age of AI, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2IK3DFHRFfw&t=18s, published on: Jan 20, 2024.

[6] IBM Technology (2022), Neural Networks explained in 5 minutes, https://youtu.be/jmmW0F0biz0?si=gSttPzw8EzqZ1oJI, 24th May 2022.

[7] Exponent, APIs Explained (in 4 Minutes), https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bxuYDT-BWaI, published on: May 22, 2023.

[8] Bombal David, You need to learn AI in 2024! (And here is your roadmap),

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x1TqLcz_ug0&t=371s, Jan 07, 2024, (15th September 2024).

[9] Open Data Institute, the role of data in Artificial Intelligence,

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oyhdkoPYRVs, published on: April 4 2018.

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[11] Pradyuman Bisht v. Union of India, (2017) SC 1709.

[12] State v. Loomis, 881 N.W.2d 749 (Wis. 2016).

[13] Accenture, Why data transparency is a competitive advantage?, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t- pAO3qPwxs, published on: October 25, 2023.

[14] Accenture, Why data transparency is a competitive advantage?, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t- pAO3qPwxs, published on: October 25, 2023..

[15] Tim Cook on Privacy, Apple, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OaLxTz1Yw7M&t=58s, published on Jan 28th 2021.

[16] The Real Reason Companies Have Become Obsessed With Your Data, How money works, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IFg_JD79OKs, published on: May 27th 2023.

[17] Sanaz Namdar and Ryan Fuller, A Look into Microsoft’s Data-Driven Approach to Improving Sales, https://hbr.org/2018/12/a-look-into-microsofts-data-driven-approach-to-improving-sales, published on Dec 17, 2018.

[20] Third-party access refers to the process of an organization granting external vendors and service providers secure access to corporate IT assets for maintenance, administration and management purposes. Many organizations rely on third-party vendors and managed service providers to support their internal IT systems, applications and infrastructure. Outside vendors and service organizations often require privileged access to on-premises and cloud-based IT systems and business applications to perform routine support and administrative functions.

[21] Data mining is the use of machine learning and statistical analysis to uncover patterns and other valuable information from large data sets; The data mining techniques that underpin data analyses can be deployed for two main purposes. They can either describe the target data set or they can predict outcomes by using machine learning algorithms; These methods are used to organize and filter data, surfacing the most useful information, from fraud to user behaviours, bottlenecks and even security breaches.

[22] This is how your Data is sold | Apps that don't collect your Data | Data Protection, DW shift, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hhyzx-rRBps, published on : Aug 06th 2019.

[23] The Real Reason Companies Have Become Obsessed With Your Data, How money works, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IFg_JD79OKs, published on: May 27th 2023.

[24] Ashley Belanger, Authors risk losing copyright if AI content is not disclosed, US guidance says, https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2023/03/us-issues-guidance-on-copyrighting-ai-assisted-artwork/, published on 17th March 2023.

[25] When “AI technology receives solely a prompt from a human and produces complex written, visual, or musical works in response, the ‘traditional elements of authorship’ are determined and executed by the technology—not the human user,” the guidance explains. “Based on the Office’s understanding of the

generative AI technologies currently available, users do not exercise ultimate creative control over how such systems interpret prompts and generate material.”

[26] Ashley Belanger, Authors risk losing copyright if AI content is not disclosed, US guidance says, https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2023/03/us-issues-guidance-on-copyrighting-ai-assisted-artwork/, published on 17th March 2023.

[27] Benj Edwards, Microsoft offers legal protection for AI copyright infringement challenges, "Some customers are concerned about the risk of IP infringement claims," says Microsoft, https://arstechnica.com/information- technology/2023/09/microsoft-offers-legal-protection-for-ai-copyright-infringement-challenges/, published on 9th Sept 2023.

[28] Tim Cook on Privacy, Apple, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OaLxTz1Yw7M&t=58s, published on Jan 28th 2021.

[29] What are the 7 principles of GDPR?, Privacy Kitchen, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NcHSD3fWJiQ, published on : Sept 23, 2021.

[13] Rule 84 of the Tamil Nadu Factories Rules, 1950

[14] Section 61(1) and 61(4) of the Factories Act,1948

[17] The Karnataka Shops and Commercial Establishment Act, 1961

[18] The Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions (OSHW&C) Code, 2020, under Section 33(a)(ii)

[20] ILO Convention No.1 (Hours of Work (Industry) Convention, 1919)

[21] International Labor Organization (ILO) to regulate the working hours of industrial workers

[22] ILO Convention No. 29: Forced Labor Convention (1930)

[23] ILO Convention No. 30: Hours of Work (Commerce and Offices) Convention (1930)

[24] ILO Convention No. 155: Occupational Safety and Health Convention, (1981)

[25] ILO Convention No. 155: Occupational Safety and Health Convention, (1981)

[26] ILO Convention No. 190: Violence and Harassment Convention, 2019

[27] ILO conventions and recommendations to guide national labor laws and workplace

[28] Barangay Jute Factory v. Its Workmen AIR (1960) SC 862

[29] Automobile Products of Indian Ltd. V. The Workmen AIR (1960) SC 745

[30] State of Gujarat v SSRI N.M. Dessi AIR (1964) SC 806

[31] Delhi Transport Corporation v. D.T.C. Tandoor Congress AIR (1991) LLR 484

[33] judicial pronouncements have reinforced that the right to overtime pay is a fundamental right

[1] Talal Asad, The Anthropology of the Body and the Medical Anthropology of 'Torture' (New York: Random House, 1987), 323.

[4] Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948), Article 5.

[5] Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, Article 1 (1984).

[6] Article 21, Indian Constitution – Right to life and personal liberty.

[7] Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948), Article 5.

[8] Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, Article 1 (1984).

[9] Salus populi est suprema lex – The welfare of the people is the supreme law.

[10] D.K. Basu v. State of West Bengal, AIR 1997 SC 610.

[11] Nilabati Behera v. State of Orissa, AIR 1993 SC 1960.

[12] Raghubir Singh v. State of Haryana, AIR 1980 SC 1087

[13] Code of Hammurabi, circa 1754 BCE, Article 8.

[14] Roman Legal Procedures, Torture as a means of obtaining testimony.

[15] The Inquisition, methods of torture used during the medieval period.

[16] Cesare Beccaria, On Crimes and Punishments, 1764.

[17] Eighth Amendment, United States Constitution, 1791.

[18] Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), Article 5, 1948.

[19] International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), 1966.

[20] Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CAT), Article 1, 1984.

[21] War on Terror, resurgence of state-sponsored torture after 2001.

[23] D.K. Basu v. State of West Bengal, AIR 1997 SC 610.

[25] Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CAT), Article 2(2).

[26] Amnesty International, "Torture in India," 2022.

[27] Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023, Chapter 12.

[28] Raghubir Singh v. State of Haryana, AIR 1980 SC 1087.

[29] Human Rights Watch, Broken System: Torture in Custody, 2021.

[30] Smt. Shakila Abdul Gafar Khan v. Vasant Raghunath Dhoble, AIR 2003 SC 4567.

[31] A.S. Anand, VIIIth International Symposium on Torture, (1999), SCC (Journal) p. 11.

[32] Transparency International, "Corruption and Custodial Practices in India," 2020.

[33] People’s Union for Civil Liberties (PUCL) v. Union of India, AIR 1997 SC 568

[35] National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB), Crime in India Report, 2022

[36] Indian Penal Code, 1860, Sections 330 and 331

[37] Criminal Procedure Code, Sections 46, 50, 57.

[38] Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS), 2023, Section 88.

[39] Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS), 2023, Section 88.

[40] Article 21, Indian Constitution – Right to life and personal liberty.

[41] Article 22, Indian Constitution – Protection against arrest and detention.

[42] Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Article 5, 1948.

[43] Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, Article 1 (1984).

[44] International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, Article 7 (1966).

[48] J.S. Verma, "Judicial Activism and its Impact on Criminal Justice System," Speech delivered on 26th April, 1997 at Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel National Police Academy, Hyderabad, in New Dimensions of Justice, p. 85-86 (2000 Edn., Universal Law Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., Delhi).

[49] National Crimes Record Bureau (NCRB) Annual Report, 2018.

[50] National Crimes Records Bureau (NCRB), Annual Report 2019

[51] NITI Aayog, India's Criminal Justice System Report, 2020

[53] Criminal Procedure Code, Sections 46, 50, 57.

[54] Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS), 2023.

[55] Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948), Article 5.

[56] Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, Article 1 (1984).

[57] Police and Criminal Evidence Act (PACE), 1984, United Kingdom.

[59] The Torture Victim Protection Act, 1991, United States.

[61] Independent Police Complaints Commission, Germany.

IJLRA	N. Raj Kumar ; Kamble Shivadayal . "Design of Fault Tolerance Parallel FFT’s Using Xilinx 14.5v" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals Volume 5 Issue 8 2022 Page 1-6
IEEE	N. Raj Kumar ; Kamble Shivadayal . "Design of Fault Tolerance Parallel FFT’s Using Xilinx 14.5v" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, 5(8)

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