INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS

WHITE COLLAR CRIMES: DECEPTIVE PRACTICES IN CORPORATE SPHERES BY - ANAGHA MOHAN & DEVENDHU A P

Authors : ANAGHA MOHAN & DEVENDHU A P

Registration ID : 108270 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8270 & IJLRA8271

Year : Aug-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : anaghamohan01@gmail.com & devendhuap@gmail.com

Page No : 17 | No of times Downloads: 0065

Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/08.2024-59787385/WHITE COLLAR CRIMES: DECEPTIVE PRACTICES IN CORPOR

ABOLISHING CAPITAL PUNISHMENT: A CALL FOR CHANGE BY: VAANI GARG

Authors : VAANI GARG

Registration ID : 108269 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8269

Year : Aug-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : vaani.garg2004@gmail.com

Page No : 17 | No of times Downloads: 0065

Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/08.2024-35324292/ABOLISHING CAPITAL PUNISHMENT: A CALL FOR CHANGE

UNIFORM CIVIL CODE: THE NECESSITY AND THE ABSURDITY BY - VIPIN KUMAR

Authors : VIPIN KUMAR

Registration ID : 108268 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8268

Year : Aug-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : bipinten@gmail.com

Page No : 17 | No of times Downloads: 0065

Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/08.2024-42367828/UNIFORM CIVIL CODE: THE NECESSITY AND THE ABSURDIT

AN ENQUIRY INTO THE LEGAL CHALLENGES OF CYBER WARFARE IN INTERNATIONAL LAW BY - DR. M.S. SHARMILA & VISHWA. B

Authors : DR. M.S. SHARMILA & VISHWA. B

Registration ID : 108266 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8266 & IJLRA8267

Year : Aug-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : vishwabadrinath@gmail.com

Page No : 12 | No of times Downloads: 0065

Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/08.2024-84134895/AN ENQUIRY INTO THE LEGAL CHALLENGES OF CYBER WARF

THE ECONOMIC THEORIES OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT AND COMPETITION LAW BY - YOGALAKSHMI R & KANINIKA MAJUMDER*

Authors : YOGALAKSHMI R & KANINIKA MAJUMDER

Registration ID : 108264 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8264 & IJLRA8265

Year : Aug-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : kaninikahim8@gmail.com & yoga98.vennila@gmail.com

Page No : 19 | No of times Downloads: 0065

Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/08.2024-17992769/THE ECONOMIC THEORIES OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIG

ART, ARTIST AND THE LAW: EXPLORING BARRIERS IN ARTISTIC EXPRESSION BY - GOKUL THEJUS MENON

Authors : GOKUL THEJUS MENON

Registration ID : 108263 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8263

Year : Aug-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : gokulthejus03@gmail.com

Page No : 13 | No of times Downloads: 0065

Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/08.2024-86483282/ART, ARTIST AND THE LAW: EXPLORING BARRIERS IN ART

SEXUAL HARASSEMT AGAINST MALES: AN IGNORED SPHERE BY SOCIETY BY: ADVOCATE MAYURI YADAV

Authors : ADVOCATE MAYURI YADAV

Registration ID : 108262 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8262

Year : Aug-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : adv.mayuri97yadav@gmail.com

Page No : 16 | No of times Downloads: 0065

Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/08.2024-87862788/SEXUAL HARASSEMT AGAINST MALES: AN IGNORED SPHERE

RAJA POCKET BOOKS VS RADHA POCKET BOOKS BY - KOOMAR BIHANGAM CHOUDHURY

Authors : KOOMAR BIHANGAM CHOUDHURY

Registration ID : 108261 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8261

Year : Aug-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : bihangamchoudhury6@gmail.com

Page No : 09 | No of times Downloads: 0065

Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/08.2024-44794941/RAJA POCKET BOOKS VS RADHA POCKET BOOKS

BLOCKCHAIN AND INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY---A DYNAMIC DUO FOR THE RADICAL UPHEAVAL BY - ABHISHEK SINGH & KRUNAL MODI

Authors : ABHISHEK SINGH & KRUNAL MODI

Registration ID : 108259 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8259 & IJLRA8260

Year : Aug-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : abhiaditya4901@gmail.com & krunalm168@gmail.com

Page No : 19 | No of times Downloads: 0065

Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/08.2024-67896357/BLOCKCHAIN AND INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY---A DYNAMIC D

FREE SPEECH IN VIRTUAL WORLD & THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA. BY - ASHEENA AUGUSTA ALFRED

Authors : ASHEENA AUGUSTA ALFRED

Registration ID : 108258 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8258

Year : Aug-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : asheenau@gmail.com

Page No : 09 | No of times Downloads: 0065

Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/08.2024-42777171/FREE SPEECH IN VIRTUAL WORLD & THE CONSTITUTION OF

International journal for legal research and analysis

Abbreviation:IJLRA

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IJLRA	N. Raj Kumar ; Kamble Shivadayal . "Design of Fault Tolerance Parallel FFT’s Using Xilinx 14.5v" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals Volume 5 Issue 8 2022 Page 1-6
IEEE	N. Raj Kumar ; Kamble Shivadayal . "Design of Fault Tolerance Parallel FFT’s Using Xilinx 14.5v" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, 5(8)

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[7] Qadeer Alam, Historical Overview of Torture and Inhuman Punishments in Indian Sub-Continent, 31 Journal of the Punjab University Historical Society 133, 137 (2018).

[8] Naima Asif, An Introduction to Sharia Law and the Death Penalty, FACULTY OF LAW BLOGS UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD (Aug. 6, 2024, 6:42PM), https://blogs.law.ox.ac.uk/research-and-subject-groups/death-penalty-research-unit/blog/2021/01/introduction-sharia-law-and.

[9] Michael Mumisa, Sharia law and the death penalty: Would abolition of the death penalty be unfaithful to the message of Islam? Penal Reform International 1, 11 (2015).

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[15] Jagmohan Singh v. State of U.P., (1973) 1 SCC 20.

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[17] Bachan Singh v. State of Punjab, (1980) 2 SCC 684.

[18] Machhi Singh v. State of Punjab, (1983) 3 SCC 470.

[20] Jashubha Bharatsinh Gohil v. State of Gujarat, (1994) 4 SCC 353.

[21] Swamy Shraddhananda v. State of Karnataka, (2008) 13 SCC 767.

[22] Aloke Nath Dutta v. State of West Bengal, (2007) 12 SCC 230; Farooq Abdul Gafur v. State of Maharashtra, (2010) 14 SCC 641; Shankar Kisanrao Khade v. State of Maharashtra, (2013) 5 SCC 546.

[23] Sangeet v. State of Haryana, (2013) 2 SCC 452.

[24] Mukesh v. State (NCT of Delhi), (2017) 6 SCC 1.

[25] Taran Deol, Rarest of Rare: History of Death Penalty in India, THE PRINT (August 6. 2024, 7:14 PM), https://theprint.in/theprint-essential/rarest-of-rare-history-of-death-penalty-in-india-and-crimes-that-call-forhanging/383658/.

[26] Anasfasios Ladikos, Plato's views on capital punishment, 6 Journal for South African Society for Greek Philosophy and Humanities 49, 49 (2005).

[27] F. Rosen, Crime Punishment and Liberty, 20 History and Political Thought 173, 174 (1999).

[28] Raphael Olisa Maduabuchi, Epistemic Investigation into Jeremy Bentham’s Theory of Capital Punishment: Implications on Nigeria Situation, 11 Open Journal of Philosophy 75, 79 (2021).

[29] Rick Phillips, Executions and Public Support for Capital Punishment in the United States: A Durkheimian Perspective, 6 International Journal of Criminology and Sociological Theory 57, 58 (2013).

[30] Shatrughan Chauhan v. Union of India, (2014) 3 SCC 1.

[31] H. De La Rey, Socio-psychological effects of the death penalty on families of prisoners on death row, 7 African Journal of Criminology & Victimology 20, 24 (1994).

[32] Shubhangi Agarwalla, The Hidden Cost of the Death Penalty in India, OXHRH BLOG (Aug. 6, 2024, 6:42PM), https://ohrh.law.ox.ac.uk/the-hidden-cost-of-death-penalty-in-india.

[33] Robert T Muller, Prison Executioners Face Job-Related Trauma, PSYCHOLOGY TODAY (Aug. 6, 2024, 7:30PM), https://www.psychologytoday.com/intl/blog/talking-about-trauma/201810/prison-executioners-face-job-related-trauma#:~:text=He%20began%20crying%20and%20shaking,relationships%2C%20and%20changes%20in%20personality.

[34] Lakshmi Menon, India’s burgeoning death penalty crisis, THE HINDU (Aug. 3, 2024, 5:30PM), https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/indias-burgeoning-death-penalty-crisis/article67904333.ece.

[35] Gyanvi Khanna, Supreme Court Acquits Two Death Row Convicts, Perplexed at Trial Court & HC Awarding Capital Punishment Despite Loopholes in Evidence, LIVE LAW (Aug. 6, 2024, 9:30PM), https://www.livelaw.in/top-stories/supreme-court-acquits-two-death-row-convicts-perplexed-at-trial-court-hc-awarding-capital-punishment-despite-loopholes-in-evidence-238478?fromIpLogin=91896.2354275306.

[36] Maneesh Chhibber, Former judges seek pardon for 13 prisoners on death row, Indian Express (Aug. 3, 2024, 5:30PM), https://indianexpress.com/article/news-archive/web/former-judges-seek-pardon-for-13-prisoners-on-death-row/.

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[3] Constituent Assembly Debates, Vol. VII, (1949), p. 543

[4] Constituent Assembly Debates, Vol. VII, (1949), p. 572

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[6] Art 37 of the Indian Constitution makes Directive Principles of State Policy non-enforceable in the Court of

law.

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Thomas(2000)] 42 Journal of Indian Law Institute 315 (2000).

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[14] Danial Latifi and another v. Union of India (2001) 7 SCC 740

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[16] Shayra Bano v. Union of India Writ Petition [C No. 118 of 21O7

[1] John Arquilla and David Ronfeldt, Cyberwar is Coming! in Comparative Strategy, Vol. 12, No. 2, Spring 1993, pp. 141–165, 144.

[2] Katharina.kiener-Manu Cybercrime module 14 key issues: Cyberwarfare, Cybercrime Module 14 Key Issues: Cyberwarfare. Available at: https://www.unodc.org/e4j/en/cybercrime/module-14/key-issues/cyberwarfare.html (Accessed: 15 August 2024).

[3] Article 2(4) of the UN Charter 1945 which states about Prohibition on the threat or use of force

[4] Article 39 of the UN Charter 1945 which states about Action with respect to threats to the peace, breaches of the peace, and acts of aggression

[5] Article 51 of the UN Charter 1945 which states about Right of self-defense

[6] Madubuike-Ekwe, J.N. (2021) ‘Cyberattack and the use of force in international law’, Beijing Law Review, 12(02), pp. 631–649. doi:10.4236/blr.2021.122034.

[7] Jus ad bellum and jus in Bello (2024) International Committee of the Red Cross. Available at: https://www.icrc.org/en/law-and-policy/jus-ad-bellum-and-jus-bello (Accessed: 17 August 2024).

[8] Kushner, D. (2024) The real story of stuxnet, IEEE Spectrum. Available at: https://spectrum.ieee.org/the-real-story-of-stuxnet (Accessed: 18 August 2024).

[9] Article 51 of the Additional Protocol I (1977) to the Geneva Conventions

[10] Article 48 of the Additional Protocol I (1977) to the Geneva Conventions

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[13] Sheldon, R. (2024) What is cyber attribution? Definition from TechTarget, Security. Available at: https://www.techtarget.com/searchsecurity/definition/cyber-attribution#:~:text=Challenges%20of%20cyber%20attribution,be%20challenging%20even%20for%20them. (Accessed: 17 August 2024).

[14] What is a false flag? how state-based hackers cover their tracks (2020) CSO Online. Available at: https://www.csoonline.com/article/568799/what-is-a-false-flag-how-state-based-hackers-cover-their-tracks.html (Accessed: 17 August 2024).

[16] Vis Legis Law Practice, A. (2023) Cybersecurity challenges in international law, LinkedIn. Available at: https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/cybersecurity-challenges-international-law-vllp2017-y5uxf/ (Accessed: 17 August 2024).

[17] Cyber Security and international law. Available at: https://www.chathamhouse.org (Accessed: 17 August 2024).

[21]The role of cyber in the Russian War against Ukraine. Available at: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/BRIE/2023/702594/EXPO_BRI(2023)702594_EN.pdf (Accessed: 17 August 2024).

[22]Cyberattacks by Iran, Hezbollah have tripled during the war, says Israel Cyber czar | The Times of Israel. Available at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/cyberattacks-by-iran-hezbollah-have-tripled-during-the-war-says-israel-cyber-czar/ (Accessed: 17 August 2024).

[23] Nato (2022) The North Atlantic Treaty, NATO. Available at: https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/official_texts_17120.htm (Accessed: 18 August 2024).

*Yogalakshmi R, Final year B.B.A. LL. B at Ramaiah Institute of Legal Studies, email- yoga98.vennila@gmail.com. Ph- 9597555432, interested in compliance and enthusiastic to learn more about Intellectual Property Law and Company Law & Kaninika Majumder, Final year B.B.A. LLB at Ramaiah Institute of Legal Studies, email-kaninikahim8@gmail.com. Ph- 6290463360, interested in drafting and pleading - international relations updates and criminal law

[1] Frank L. Fine, The EC Competition Law on Technology Licensing, Sweet & Maxwell Ltd.,

London, 2006, p.14

[2] Competition law and Intellectual Property Rights, The Nature of Frand Defence in Patent Litigation,27-27(2011)

[3] ABIR ROY & JAYANT KUMAR, COMPETITION LAW IN INDIA 502(2d ed. Eastern Law House, 2014).

[4] Jayashree Watal, Intellectual Property Rights in WTO and Developing Countries, 2001 (Oxford University Press), at 1-5

[5] Atul Patel , Aurobinda Panda, Akshay Deo & Siddhartha Khettry, Intellectual Property Law & Competition law, 6 J. INT'l COM. L. & TECH. 120-20 (2011).

[6] Daniel Stengel & Berlin, Intellectual Property in Philosophy,90(1) Archives for Philosophy of law and social Philosophy 20,20(2004)

[8] Rishika Sugandh & Siddhartha Srivastava; INTERFACE BETWEEN INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS AND COMPETITION LAW: INDIAN JURISPRUDENCE, International Journal of Law and Legal Jurisprudence Studies (Dec 20,2023,10.39 AM), https://ijlljs.in/interface-between-intellectual-property-rights-and-competition-law-indian-jurisprudence/

[9] Allan Asher , Public Lecture, Interface between the Indian Competition Act 2002 and the IPR Laws in India (Dec 13,2023, 12.40 PM)http://www.circ.in/pdf/Backgrounder-Public_Lecture_By_Allan_Asher_29May2009.pdf.

[10] Rishika Sugandh & Siddhartha Srivastava; INTERFACE BETWEEN INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS AND COMPETITION LAW: INDIAN JURISPRUDENCE, International Journal of Law and Legal Jurisprudence Studies (Dec 20,2023,10.39 AM), https://ijlljs.in/interface-between-intellectual-property-rights-and-competition-law-indian-jurisprudence/

[11] The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, Competition Laws and Policies (2004), at 117-118

[12] Atul Patel, Aurobinda Panda, Akshay Deo & Siddhartha Khettry, Intellectual Property Law & Competition law, 6 J. INT'l COM. L. & TECH. 120-22 (2011).

[15] Atul Patel, Aurobinda Panda, Akshay Deo & Siddhartha Khettry, Intellectual Property Law & Competition law, 6 J. INT'l COM. L. & TECH. 120-23 (2011).

[16] Trademark, copyright, and patent laws are a few examples of the laws pertaining to intellectual property. Every intellectual property law covers a particular area of knowledge. The intellectual property laws pertaining to literature are known as copyright law, while those pertaining to machines, methods, and compositions of matter are known as patent law. See generally Donald Chisum, Intellectual Property: Copyright, Patent and Trademark (Matthew Bender, 1980). When new types of subject matters are created, sometimes they do not fit neatly into one of the pre-existing categories. Therefore, something of a crisis can be created in the body of the law.

[17] It may be illegal and in violation of copyright to copy a book. As a rule, “anyone who violates any of the exclusive rights of the copyright owner... is an infringer of the copyright.” U.S.C. Sec. 501(a) (17). “Any person who infringes a copyright will fully and for purposes of commercial advantage or private financial gain” is subject to criminal sanctions, which include jail time, a fine, and seizure of the infringing works. Section 506 of the U.S.C.

[18] Pemela Samuelson, Innovation and Competition: Conflicts over Intellectual Property Rights in New Technologies, 12 STHV 6,7(1987)

[22]Teven D. Anderman (ed.), The Interface Between Intellectual Property Rights

(Cambridge, New York,2007).

[23]B.N. Pandey & Prabhat Kumar Saha, Competition Flexibilities in the TRIPS Agreement: Implications for Technology Transfer and Consumer Welfare, 57 Journal of the Indian Law Institute 92, 94(2015).

[24] Another issue is that risk aversion may lead to the underproduction of intellectual property from a social perspective because the market value of such property is frequently unpredictable. Kenneth Arrow noted this in a seminal study published in 1962. The significance of this issue is unclear, though. Diversification may minimise risk or even remove it, frequently at little expense. For example, a book publisher can achieve a typical return by releasing a number of books, some of which are hits while others perform better than expected.

[25] Richard A. Posner, Intellectual Property: The Law and Economics Approach, 19 Journal of economic Perspectives 57, 57-59(2005).

[26] Anubhav Mishra; The Role of Intellectual Property Rights in Economic Development (Mar. 10,2021, 12.39 PM), https://www.khuranaandkhurana.com/2021/03/10/the-role-of-intellectual-property-rights-in-economic-development/

[27] Ashok Chawla, Global Business and Competition Law in India,9, Indian Foreign Affairs Journal 173, 173(2014).

[29] B.S. Chauhan, Indian Competition Law: Global Context, 54 Journal of Indian Law Institute 315, 316(2012).

[1] Author is a 7th Semester BBA LLB Student at School of Legal Studies, CUSAT, gokulthejus03@gmail.com, 9846357214

[4] International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights,1966

[5] International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights,1966

[8] K.A Abbas v Union of India, (1970) 2 SCC 780: AIR 1971 SC 481. ⁹Indian Penal Code, 1860

[1] Raja Pocket Books v. Radha Pocket Books, AIR 1997 Del 6 (Dec. 6, 1996).

[2] R.G. Anand v. M/s Delux Films & Ors, AIR 1978 SC 1613 (Aug. 18, 1978).

[1] WIPO, “What is Intellectual Property?" http://www.wipo.int/edocs/pubdocs/en/intproperty/450/wipo_pub_450.pdf, accessed on January 29, 2024.

[2] David I. Bainbridge, “Intellectual Property” (first published in 1992, Pearson), accessed on January 31, 2024.

[3] Everyone has the right to freely participate in the cultural life of the community, to enjoy the arts, and to share in scientific advancement and its benefits.

[13] Sharma, Dushyant Kumar. "Intellectual property and the need to protect it." Indian J. Sci. Res 9, no. 1 (2014): 084-087, accessed on: February 2, 2024

[14] According to Sections: 18(1) to 39 of the Trademarks Act, 1999

[15] Haber S. and Stornetta WS, “How to Time-Stamp a Digital Document” (Journal of Cryptology, January 1, 1991), https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00196791, accessed on February 4, 2024.

[17] Grover, N. (n.d.). National Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) Policy: Science and Technology Notes. Prepp. https://prepp.in/news/e-492-national-intellectual-property-rights-ipr-policy-science-technology-notes, accessed on February 8, 2024

[18] Ito, Kensuke, and Marcus O’Dair. "A critical examination of the application of blockchain technology to intellectual property management." Business Transformation through Blockchain: Volume II (2019): 317–335, accessed on February 11, 2024

[19] Gupta, V. (2017). A Brief History of Blockchain. Harvard Business Review. Available at: https://hbr.org/2017/02/a-brief-history-of-blockchain. (https://hbr.org/2017/02/a-brief-history-of-blockchain), accessed on February 16, 2024.

[21] Rambhia, Vidhi, et al., "Intellectual Property Rights Management Using Blockchain." Information and Communication Technology for Competitive Strategies (ICTCS 2020): Intelligent Strategies for ICT. Springer Singapore. Accessed on February 18, 2024

[22] Savelyev, Alexander. "Copyright in the Blockchain Era: Promises and Challenges." Computer law and security review 34.3 (2018): 550–561. Accessed on: February 21, 2024

[25] Inshakova, Agnessa O., Tatiana V. Deryugina, and Evgenij Y. Malikov. "Intellectual property exchange as a platform for exclusive copyright transfer by means of smart contracts." 13th International Scientific and Practical Conference: Artificial Intelligence: Anthropogenic Nature vs. . Social Origin. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020, accessed on February 25, 2024

[26] Bonnet, S., & Teuteberg, F. (2023). “Impact of blockchain and distributed ledger technology for the management of the intellectual property life cycle: A multiple case study analysis." Computers in Industry, 144, 103789. Accessed on: February 27, 2024

WHITE COLLAR CRIMES: DECEPTIVE PRACTICES IN CORPORATE SPHERES BY - ANAGHA MOHAN & DEVENDHU A P

ABOLISHING CAPITAL PUNISHMENT: A CALL FOR CHANGE BY: VAANI GARG

UNIFORM CIVIL CODE: THE NECESSITY AND THE ABSURDITY BY - VIPIN KUMAR

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