INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS

CORPORATE CRIMINAL LIABILITY IN ENVIRONMENTAL OFFENSES: ASSESSING LEGAL FRAMEWORKS AND ENFORCEMENT CHALLENGES BY - RUHI AMIN SAITH

Authors : RUHI AMIN SAITH

Registration ID : 108120 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8120

Year :July-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : saithruhi@gmail.com

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Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/07.2024-23349235/CORPORATE CRIMINAL LIABILITY IN ENVIRONMENTAL OFFE

STEPHANIE JOAN BECKER VERSUS STATE AND OTHERS BY - RUHI AMIN SAITH

Authors : RUHI AMIN SAITH

Registration ID : 108119 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8119

Year :July-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : saithruhi@gmail.com

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Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/07.2024-26668557/STEPHANIE JOAN BECKER VERSUS STATE AND OTHERS

"CYBERBULLYING IN THE DIGITAL AGE: LEGAL CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS" BY - VIBHI. H. JAIN & VIVEK. M. BOHRA

Authors : VIBHI. H. JAIN & VIVEK. M. BOHRA

Registration ID : 108117 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8117 & IJLRA8118

Year :July-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : vibhijain45@gmail.com & vivekbohra96@gmail.com

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Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/07.2024-23173692/"CYBERBULLYING IN THE DIGITAL AGE: LEGAL CHALLENGE

ARBITRATION: THE PROCESS AND THE UNRESOLVED ISSUE OF NON-SIGNATORIES BY - ADITI MUSADDI

Authors : ADITI MUSADDI

Registration ID : 108116 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8116

Year :July-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : musaddiaditi@gmail.com

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Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/07.2024-78434246/ARBITRATION: THE PROCESS AND THE UNRESOLVED ISSUE

ARTICLE 36 AND ICJ JURISDICTION: MAPPING THE TERRAIN OF INTERNATIONAL DISPUTE RESOLUTION BY - VEDANSH SHARMA

Authors : VEDANSH SHARMA

Registration ID : 108115 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8115

Year :July-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : ved.mps@gmail.com

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Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/07.2024-41414817/ARTICLE 36 AND ICJ JURISDICTION: MAPPING THE TERRA

THE HISTORICAL AND THE PRESENT ARCHIETURE OF THE INDIAN JUDICIARY BY - MAANYA JAIN

Authors : MAANYA JAIN

Registration ID : 108114 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8114

Year :July-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : jainmaanya03@gmail.com

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Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/07.2024-91458318/THE HISTORICAL AND THE PRESENT ARCHIETURE OF THE I

THE ARMED FORCES (SPECIAL POWERS) ACT, 1958: VIOLENCE BECAME THE WAY OF LIFE BY - SWINI

Authors : SWINI

Registration ID : 108113 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8113

Year :July-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : swinipunia20@gmail.com

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Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/07.2024-71282346/THE ARMED FORCES (SPECIAL POWERS) ACT, 1958: VIOLE

LAW AN EVOLUTIONARY PROCESS COMMENT ON SAVIGNY BY - RAMANDEEP KAUR

Authors : RAMANDEEP KAUR

Registration ID : 108112 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8112

Year :July-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : d.raman17@yahoo.com

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Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/07.2024-79993966/LAW AN EVOLUTIONARY PROCESS COMMENT ON SAVIGNY

FROM PROMISE TO PRACTICE: UNPACKING INDIAS RIGHT TO EDUCATION ACT, 2009 BY - JAYDEEP FINDORIA

Authors : JAYDEEP FINDORIA

Registration ID : 108111 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8111

Year :July-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

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Email Id : jaydeepfindoria2510@gmail.com

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Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/07.2024-88473627/FROM PROMISE TO PRACTICE: UNPACKING INDIAS RIGHT T

“ANALYSING APPLICATION OF LAW- RETROSPECTIVE EFFECTS AND CREATION OF LAW FOR SPECIFIC AREAS.” BY - ARINDAM MISHRA

Authors: ARINDAM MISHRA

Registration ID: 10577U Published Paper ID: IJLRA577U

Year : April -2021 | Volume: 1 | Issue: 9

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id: arindam06mishra@hotmail.com

Page No :11 | No of times Downloads: 0065

[1] The World of Greenwash, CorpWatch, January 1, 1997, (August 16^th, 10:30 PM) www.corpwatch.org/campaigns/PCD.jsp?articleid=244

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[8] Lennard’s Carrying Co. Ltd v. Asiatic Petroleum Co. Ltd, AC 705

[9] Iridium India Telecom Ltd v. Motorola Inc, (2010) 14 ADDL SCR

[10] A.K. Khosla v. S. Venkantesan, (1992) Cr.L.J. 1448.

[12] Standard Chartered Bank v. Directorate Enforcement, AIR 2005 SC 2622

[13] Iridium India Telecom Ltd v. Motorola Incorporated and Ors, (2010) 14 (ADDL) SCR 591.

[14] Dorsey, Michael K., “A Plan for Democratic Control of Corporate Crime.”, September 2004, (August 16^th, 11:00 PM) https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=597722

[15] New York Central & Hudson River Railroad Co., v. United States, 212 US 481 (1909)

[17] German Criminal Code (Strafgesetzbuch – StGB), Chapter 29, offences against the environment.

[18] Grabosky, Peter and Frances Gant, “Improving Environmental Performance, Preventing Environmental Crime”, 2000, (August 16^th, 11:00 PM) https://www.ojp.gov/ncjrs/virtual-library/abstracts/improving-environmental-performance-preventing-environmental-crime

[19] The Water (Prevention and Control) Act, 1974. § 38

[20] I.A. Khan, Environmental Law, Allahabad: Central Law Agency, 2002, p.59.

[22] Report, Committee on Reforms of Criminal Justice System Government of India, Ministry of Home Affair, Volume 1, March 2003, (August 16^th, 11:00 PM) https://www.mha.gov.in/sites/default/files/criminal_justice_system_2.pdf.

[24] Antunes D, Santos A, Hurtado A (2015) The communication of the LCA: the need for guidelines to avoid greenwashing. Espacios 36(5), (16^th August, 11:30 PM) https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283019567_The_communication_of_the_LCA_The_need_for_guidelines_to_avoid_Greenwashing

[25] Elkington J (1994) Towards the sustainable corporation: win-win-win business strategies for sustainable development. Calif Manag Rev 36(2):90–100. (16^th August, 11:30 PM), https://doi.org/10.2307/41165746,

[26] Divya B. Rao and M.V. Ramana, Violating Letter and Spirit: Environmental Clearances for Koodankulam Reactors, Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. XLIII No. 51, p.14. (16^th August 2023, 10:40 PM), https://www.epw.in/journal/2008/51/commentary/violating-letter-and-spirit-environmental-clearances-koodankulam-reactors

[27] Samir Kumar Singh. (2005). An Analysis of Anti-Dumping Cases in India. Economic and Political Weekly, 40(11),

1069–1074. (16^th August 2023, 10:40 PM), http://www.jstor.org/stable/4416337

[29] Sterlite Industries(I) Ltd v. Union of India & Ors. (2013) 6 S.C.R 573

[30] Law Commission of India : The Trial and Punishment of Social and Economic Offences, Report No. 47 (1972) (16^th August 2023, 10:40 PM) https://cdnbbsr.s3waas.gov.in/s3ca0daec69b5adc880fb464895726dbdf/uploads/2022/08/2022080816-1.pdf

[31] Paryavaran Suraksha Samiti & Anr. v. Union of India & Ors., WRIT PETITION(C) NO. 375 OF 2012

[32] Iridium India Telecom Ltd. v. Motorola Inc, CRIMINAL APPEAL NO.688 OF 2005

[1] Dharambir Kumar Sinha, Now CID to probe baby-selling racket of Ranchi's Mother Teresa charityhttps://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/now-cid-to-probe-baby-selling-racket-of-ranchi-s-mother-teresa-charity-1291932-2018-07-21 (Feb 21 2023 10:40 PM)

[3]Ambika Pandit, Why the wait to adopt a child could get longer, Times of India Why the wait to adopt a child could get longer | India News - Times of India (indiatimes.com) (Feb 21, 2023, 10:40 PM)

[4] Namita Bhandare, Abuse of Children in India’s Institutions Reveals Nation wide Crisis of Reform, Quint Abuse Of Children In India’s Institutions Reveals Nationwide Crisis Of Reform (thequint.com) (Feb 21, 2023, 10:40 PM)

[5] Abhijeet Iyer Mitra v. Union of India, WP (C) No. 6371/2020 & CM Appl. No. 22554/2020.

[8] Jagriti Chandra, Indians averse to adopting children with special needs Indians averse to adopting children with special needs - The Hindu, (Feb 22, 11:00 AM)

[9] National Textile Workers’ Union v. P.R. Ramakrishnan, 1983 AIR 750

[10] Adoption and Children Act 2002, §144(4)(b).

[2] PACER Center, Cyberbullying: Information and Resources, https://www.pacer.org/bullying/info/cyberbullying/.

[3] Sameer Hinduja & Justin W. Patchin, Connecting Adolescent Suicide to the Severity of Bullying and Cyberbullying, 17 J. SCH. VIOLENCE 346-367 (2018).

[4] Smith, P. K., Mahdavi, J., Carvalho, M. & Tippett, N., 2008. Cyberbullying: Its nature and impact in secondary school pupils. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49(4), pp.376-385.

[5] Gini, G. & Pozzoli, T., 2013. Association between bullying and psychosomatic problems: A meta-analysis. Pediatrics, 132(4), pp.720-729.

[6] American Psychological Association (APA), Bullying, (2017), available at https://www.apa.org/topics/bullying.

[8]Shreya Singhal and Ors. v. Union of India AIR 2015 SC 1523; Writ Petition (Criminal) No. 167 OF 2012

[16] State of West Bengal v. Animesh Boxi, GR/1587/2017 (West Bengal 2017).

[20] International Telecommunication Union, Trends in Cybercrime: The Role of International Cooperation (2019), available at https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-T/Workshops-and-Seminars/cybersecurity/2019/Pages/report.aspx.

[21]Madden, M., Lenhart, A. & Cortesi, S., *Teens and Technology 2013*, Pew Research Center (Mar. 13, 2013), available at https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/2013/03/13/teens-and-technology-2013/

[22] Livingston, S. & Smith, P. K., Definitions and Policy Responses to Cyberbullying: A Critical Review, in Cyberbullying: A Review of Research and Policy (Routledge 2014).

[1] Arbitration and Conciliation Act 1996 (26 of 1996), Chapter 5;

[2] Arbitration and Conciliation Act 1996 (26 of 1996), Section 7;

[3]Aatisha Bhatia and Dipshi Swara, ‘Compelling a non-signatory party to arbitrate’, <https://blog.ipleaders.in/compelling-a-non-signatory-party-of-a-contract-to-arbitrate/> accessed on 20 July 2024;

[4] Interbras Cayman Co. V Orient Victory Shipping Co., 509 F.Supp. 1067;

[5] Dow Chemical v. Isover-Saint-Gobain [ 1983 ] ICA , 110 J. Du Droit Int’l 899;

[6] Sukanya Holdings Pvt. Ltd. v. Jayesh H. Pandya & Anr. [2003], CLC 585 SC;

[7] Chloro Controls India (P) Ltd. v. Severn Trent Water Purification Inc. [ 2013 ] SC Civ Appeal 7134, [ 2012 ];

[8] Cheran Properties Ltd v. Kasturi and Sons Ltd. [ 2018 ] NCLT New Delhi Company Appeal (AT) 125, [ 2017 ];

[9] International Chamber of Commerce 2021 (founded in 1919), article 7.5;

[11] Stockholm Chamber of Commerce 2023 (was entered into force in 1917) SCC;

[12] New York Convention 1958 (entered into force on 11 October 1960) article V (1)(a);

[14] Cox & Kings Ltd. V. SAP India Pvt. Ltd. [ 2020 ] SC Arbitration Petition Civ 38, [ 2020 ];

[16] Arbitration and Conciliation Act 1996 (26 of 1996), S. 7 (4)(b).

[18] Durga Priya Vanda & V.P. Singh, ‘Binding non-signatories to arbitration-bringing India on par with international arbitration’ (Supreme Court Observer, 27^th December 2023) <https://www.scobserver.in/journal> accessed on 6th April 2024;

[20] Ameet Lalchand Shah v. Rishabh Enterprises [ 2018 ] SC Civ 4690, [ 2018 ] SLP(C) No.16789 [ 2017 ];

[21] Reckitt Benckiser (India) Pvt. Ltd. v. Reynders Label Printing India Pvt. Ltd. [ 2019 ] 5 ALL WC 4263 [ 2019 ];

[22] Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Ltd. v. Canara Bank [ 2019 ] SC Civ 33, [ 2020 ];

[23] Oil & Natural Gas Corporation Ltd. v. M/S Discovery Enterprises Pvt. Ltd. [ 2022 ] SC Civ 2042 [ 2022 ].

[24] Moneywise Financial Services v. Dilip Jain [ 2023 ] Arb. P. 702 [ 2023 ].

[25] Merrills, J.G Journal of International Dispute Settlement, 1(8) (2018), pg 1-34.

[1] Author is a Doctoral (Ph.D.) Research Scholar of Law at Sardar Patel University of Police, Security and Criminal Justice, Jodhpur.

[3] http://www.icj-cij.org/pcij/, last visited on January 26^th, 2024.

[4] Shahabudden, M. Precedent in the World Court, Cambridge, 1996, pp. 22

[5] Chapter XIV, Charter of United Nations. 1945.

[6] Art.3, The Statute of International Court of Justice. 1945.

[7] Art. 4 & 5. The Statute of International Court of Justice. 1945.

[8] Rosenne, ‘The Composition of the Court’ in Gross, Future of the International Court of Justice. Vol. 1. pp. 377.

[9] Art. 39, The Statute of International Court of Justice. 1945.

[10] Art. 34, Statute of International Court of Justice. 1945.

[11] Fisheries Jurisdiction case. ICJ Reports. 1974. pp. 3, 19; 55 ILR, pp. 238, 254.

[12] Legality of the Threat or Use of Nuclear Weapons. ICJ Reports. 1996, pp. 226-237.

[13] The Lockerbie case. ICJ Reports. 1992. pp. 3, 26; 94 ILR, pp. 478, 509.

[17] Cameroon v. Nigeria (Provisional Measures). ICJ Reports. 1996, pp. 13–22.

[18] Nuclear Tests case. ICJ Reports. 1974, pp. 253, 270–1; 57 ILR, pp. 398, 415–16.

[20] Interpretation of Peace Treaties case. ICJ Reports. 1950, pp. 65, 74; 17 ILR, pp. 331, 336.

[21] El Salvador/Honduras. ICJ Reports. 1992, pp. 351, 555; 97 ILR, p. 112.

[22] Article 40(1). Statute of International Court of Justice. 1945.

[23] Spain v. Canada. ICJ Reports. 1998, pp. 432, 449; 123 ILR, pp. 189, 209–10.

[24] Armed Actions (Nicaragua v. Honduras) case. ICJ Reports. 1988, p. 76; 84 ILR, p. 231.

[25] Mavrommatis Palestine Concessions case. PCIJ. Series A, No. 2, p. 34; 2 AD, p. 27.

[26] Serbia and Montenegro v. UK. ICJ Reports. 2004, pp. 1307, 1323.

[27] Genocide Convention (Bosnia v. Serbia) case. ICJ Reports. 2007, paras. 117.

[28] Serbia and Montenegro v. UK. ICJ Reports. 2004, pp. 1307, 1322.

[32] Nicaragua case. ICJ Reports, 1986, pp. 3, 32; 76 ILR, pp. 349, 366.

[33] Djibouti v. France. ICL Reports. 2008, para. 48.

[34] The Monetary Gold case. ICJ Reports. 1954, pp. 19, 31; 21 ILR, pp. 399, 406.

[35] Corfu Channel (Preliminary Objections). ICJ Reports, 1948, p. 27.

[36] ICJ Reports. 1954. pp. 19, 54; 21 ILR, pp. 399, 406.

[39] Case Concerning Border and Trans-Border Armed Actions (Honduras v. Nicaragua). 8 ICJ Reports. 1988. pp. 78–90.

[40] Barcelona Traction case (Preliminary Objections). ICJ Reports. 1964. p. 6.

[42] Spain v. Canada. ICJ Reports. 1998. pp. 432, 454. 123 ILR, pp. 189, 214.

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[4] Singh, M. P High Courts and the Privy Council.

[5] Singh, M. P High Courts and the Privy Council.

[8] Das, N. (2024, July 9). Pune Porsche crash: here’s what we know so far. The Indian Express. Retrieved July 9, 2024, from https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/pune-porsche-crash-what-we-know-9346927/.

[9] Satish, S. (2023, October 10). History of Indian judiciary. Clear IAS. https://www.clearias.com/history-indian-judiciary/

[10] Murti, P. Retrieved July 9, 2024, from https://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/juscrp3&div=246&id=&page=.

[1] Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act, 1958, § 1

[2] Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act, 1958, § 2-3

[3] Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act, 1958, § 4-5

[4] Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act, 1958, § 6-7

[6] International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, Dec. 16, 1966, 999 U.N.T.S. 171

[1] Assistant Professor of Law, Centre for Legal Studies, Gitarattan International Business School d.raman17@yahoo.com

[2] E., & Elliott, D. (1985). The Evolutionary Tradition in Jurisprudence. Columbia Law Review, 85, 38. https://doi.org/10.2307/1122404.

[6] Gouvêa, D. (2015). Explanation and the Evolutionary First Law(s). Philosophy of Science, 82, 363 - 382. https://doi.org/10.1086/681603.

[7] Deakin, S. (2014). Legal evolution: integrating economic and systemic approaches.. https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.1934738.

[8] Pandey, S., & Spoorthi, B. (2023). Understanding the Social Consequences of Legal Developments in India. Technoarete Transactions on Advances in Social Sciences and Humanities. https://doi.org/10.36647/ttassh/03.02.a001.

[9] Kirkby, C. (2018). Law Evolves: The Uses of Primitive Law in Anglo-American Concepts of Modern Law, 1861-1961. American Journal of Legal History. https://doi.org/10.1093/AJLH/NJY020.

[10] Steward, J. (1949). CULTURAL CAUSALITY AND LAW: A TRIAL FORMULATION OF THE

DEVELOPMENT OF EARLY CIVILIZATIONS. American Anthropologist, 51, 1-27.

https://doi.org/10.1525/AA.1949.51 1.02A00020.

[11] Toews, J. (1989). The Immanent Genesis and Transcendent Goal of Law: Savigny, Stahl, and The Ideology of the Christian German State. American Journal of Comparative Law, 37, 139. https://doi.org/10.2307/840445.

[12] Bris, D. (2019). Testing Legal Origins Theory within France: Customary Laws versus Roman Code. Journal of Comparative Economics, 47, 1-30. https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2359261.

[13] Rai, N. (2010). Volksgeist: In View of Friedrich Carl Von Savigny. Social Science Research Network. https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.1695389.

[14] Countryman, E., & Thompson, E. (1993). Customs in Common.. William and Mary Quarterly, 50, 610. https://doi.org/10.2307/2947373.

[15] Peari, S. (2014). Savigny’s theory of choice-of-law as a principle of ‘voluntary submission’. University of

Toronto Law Journal, 64, 106 - 151. https://doi.org/10.3138/UTLJ.1203.

[16] Halsted, J. (1969). Friedrich von Savigny: Of The Vocation of our Age for Legislation and Jurisprudence.. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-00484-3_17.

[17] ??sevenler, O. (2022). Of the Ageless Vocation for Legislation and Jurisprudence. Türkiye Adalet Akademisi Dergisi. https://doi.org/10.54049/taad.1183563.

[18] Crowe, J. (2016). Natural Law Theories. Philosophy Compass, 11, 91-101. https://doi.org/10.1111/PHC3.12315.

[19] Raude, K. (2022). Der Volksgeist bei Jacob Grimm. . https://doi.org/10.5771/9783465144274.

[20] Karsten, P. (1991). The “Discovery” of Law by English and American Jurists of the Seventeenth, Eighteenth, and Nineteenth Centuries: Third-Party Beneficiary Contracts as a Test Case.

Law and History Review, 9, 327 - 381. https://doi.org/10.2307/743651.

[21] Small, A. (1923). Some Contributions to the History of Sociology. Section II. The Thibaut-Savigny Controversy: Continuity as a Phase of Human Experience. American Journal of Sociology, 28, 711 - 734. https://doi.org/10.1086/213550.

[2] Reeve T Bull, BUILDING A FRAMEWORK FOR GOVERNANCE: RETROSPECTIVE REVIEW AND RULEMAKING PETITIONS, 67 Adm. Law Rev. 265–319 (2015), http://jguelibrary.informaticsglobal.com:2074/stable/24475490.

[3] Deepa Kansra, RETROSPECTIVITY OF JUDICIAL INTERPRETATION OF PENAL STATUTES, 51 Journal of the Indian Law Institute 250–266 (2009).

[5] T. Barai vs Henry Ah Hoe 1983 AIR 150, 1983 SCR (1) 905

[6] Aashish Aryan, Retrospective taxation: the Vodafone case, and the Hague court ruling, The Indian Express (2020), https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/retrospective-taxation-the-vodafone-case-and-the-hague-court-ruling-6613799/ (last visited Dec 14, 2020).

[7] Pralhad Krishna Kurane vs The State Of Bombay, 1952 A.I.R. Bom 1.

[8] Let the good (or safety) of the people be the supreme (or highest) law.

[9] A D Woozley, What Is Wrong With Retrospective Law?, 18 Philos. Q. 40–53 (1968), http://jguelibrary.informaticsglobal.com:2074/stable/2218027.

[10] "Hear the other side". This is a strong principle that no person shall be judged without a fair hearing.

[12] Uma Narayan, Sources of Indian Legal Information, 7 Legal Information Management 133–139 (2007).

[13] Justice Madan B. Lokur (Retd.), “Judiciary And Social Justice, Dignity And Personal Liberty, Human Rights And Frights”: Justice Madan Lokur (2020), https://www.livelaw.in/columns/judiciary-and-social-justice-dignity-and-

[14] Sharp Fall in Citation of Supreme Court Judgments by Foreign Courts After 2014, Study Finds, The Wire, https://thewire.in/law/supreme-court-foreign-citations-study (last visited Dec 14, 2020).

[15] Sanjeev Verma, UAPA Act: Why UAPA cases fall flat in courts - Times of India, The Times of India, https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/why-uapa-cases-fall-flat-in-courts/articleshow/77191240.cms (last visited Dec 14, 2020).

[16] “the burden of the proof lies upon him who affirms not he who denies”, is the principle that a person is considered innocent unless proven guilty.

[17]International Military Tribunal for the Far East, R Pal & S Araki, The United States of America and Others Vs. Araki Sadao and Others: Judgement of the Hon’ble Mr. Justice Pal, Member from India (1948), https://books.google.co.in/books?id=brJxAQAACAAJ.

IJLRA	N. Raj Kumar ; Kamble Shivadayal . "Design of Fault Tolerance Parallel FFT’s Using Xilinx 14.5v" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals Volume 5 Issue 8 2022 Page 1-6
IEEE	N. Raj Kumar ; Kamble Shivadayal . "Design of Fault Tolerance Parallel FFT’s Using Xilinx 14.5v" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, 5(8)

CORPORATE CRIMINAL LIABILITY IN ENVIRONMENTAL OFFENSES: ASSESSING LEGAL FRAMEWORKS AND ENFORCEMENT CHALLENGES BY - RUHI AMIN SAITH

STEPHANIE JOAN BECKER VERSUS STATE AND OTHERS BY - RUHI AMIN SAITH

"CYBERBULLYING IN THE DIGITAL AGE: LEGAL CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS" BY - VIBHI. H. JAIN & VIVEK. M. BOHRA

ARBITRATION: THE PROCESS AND THE UNRESOLVED ISSUE OF NON-SIGNATORIES BY - ADITI MUSADDI

ARTICLE 36 AND ICJ JURISDICTION: MAPPING THE TERRAIN OF INTERNATIONAL DISPUTE RESOLUTION BY - VEDANSH SHARMA

THE HISTORICAL AND THE PRESENT ARCHIETURE OF THE INDIAN JUDICIARY BY - MAANYA JAIN

THE ARMED FORCES (SPECIAL POWERS) ACT, 1958: VIOLENCE BECAME THE WAY OF LIFE BY - SWINI

LAW AN EVOLUTIONARY PROCESS COMMENT ON SAVIGNY BY - RAMANDEEP KAUR

FROM PROMISE TO PRACTICE: UNPACKING INDIAS RIGHT TO EDUCATION ACT, 2009 BY - JAYDEEP FINDORIA

“ANALYSING APPLICATION OF LAW- RETROSPECTIVE EFFECTS AND CREATION OF LAW FOR SPECIFIC AREAS.” BY - ARINDAM MISHRA

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ETHICS & POLICY

CORPORATE CRIMINAL LIABILITY IN ENVIRONMENTAL OFFENSES: ASSESSING LEGAL FRAMEWORKS AND ENFORCEMENT CHALLENGES BY - RUHI AMIN SAITH

STEPHANIE JOAN BECKER VERSUS STATE AND OTHERS BY - RUHI AMIN SAITH

"CYBERBULLYING IN THE DIGITAL AGE: LEGAL CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS" BY - VIBHI. H. JAIN & VIVEK. M. BOHRA

ARBITRATION: THE PROCESS AND THE UNRESOLVED ISSUE OF NON-SIGNATORIES BY - ADITI MUSADDI

ARTICLE 36 AND ICJ JURISDICTION: MAPPING THE TERRAIN OF INTERNATIONAL DISPUTE RESOLUTION BY - VEDANSH SHARMA

THE HISTORICAL AND THE PRESENT ARCHIETURE OF THE INDIAN JUDICIARY BY - MAANYA JAIN

THE ARMED FORCES (SPECIAL POWERS) ACT, 1958: VIOLENCE BECAME THE WAY OF LIFE BY - SWINI

LAW AN EVOLUTIONARY PROCESS COMMENT ON SAVIGNY BY - RAMANDEEP KAUR

FROM PROMISE TO PRACTICE: UNPACKING INDIAS RIGHT TO EDUCATION ACT, 2009 BY - JAYDEEP FINDORIA

“ANALYSING APPLICATION OF LAW- RETROSPECTIVE EFFECTS AND CREATION OF LAW FOR SPECIFIC AREAS.” BY - ARINDAM MISHRA

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