INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS

All research articles published INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS are fully open access. i.e. immediately freely available to read, download and share. Articles are published under the terms of a Creative Commons license which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Disclaimer:

The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors. They do not purport to reflect the opinions or views of the INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS or its members. The designations employed in this publication and the presentation of material therein do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS

IJLRA	N. Raj Kumar ; Kamble Shivadayal . "Design of Fault Tolerance Parallel FFT’s Using Xilinx 14.5v" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals Volume 5 Issue 8 2022 Page 1-6
IEEE	N. Raj Kumar ; Kamble Shivadayal . "Design of Fault Tolerance Parallel FFT’s Using Xilinx 14.5v" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, 5(8)

[1] William B. Werther, Jr. , David Chandler, Strategic Corporate Social Responsibility, South Sage Asia Edition

[2] Kramer, M.E. , Strategy and Society: The link between Corporate Social Responsibility and Competitive Advantage (Harvard Business Review, 2006)

[1] GSMA Connected Women, 2015, “Bridging the gender gap: Mobile access and usage in low- and middle income countries”, https://www.gsma.com/ mobilefordevelopment/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/ConnectedWomen-Gender-Gap.pdf

[1] “About the Court,” International Criminal Court, accessed April 10, 2023, https://www.icc-cpi.int/about

[3] “States Parties,” International Criminal Court, accessed April 10, 2023, https://www.icc-cpi.int/states-parties.

[4] “Jurisdiction and Admissibility,” International Criminal Court, accessed April 10, 2023,

https://www.icc-cpi.int/about/jurisdiction.

[5] “Complementarity,” International Criminal Court, accessed April 10, 2023,

https://www.icc-cpi.int/about/complementarity.

[7] “ICC Trial Chamber I acquits Mr Gbagbo and Mr Ble Goude from all charges of crimes against humanity,” International Criminal Court, January 15, 2019, https://www.icc-cpi.int/PAges/item.aspx?name=190115-press-release-acquittal-gbagbo-blegoude.

[8] “Sudanese President Omar Al-Bashir Wanted by ICC for Genocide, War Crimes and Crimes Against Humanity,” International Criminal Court, March 4, 2009,

https://www.icc-cpi.int/Pages/item.aspx/name=PR399.

[9] “The ICC and the prevention of Genocide, Crimes Against Humanity and War Crimes,” International Criminal Court, accessed April 10, 2023, https://www.icc-cpi.int/ prevention.

[10] “Justice for Victims,” International Criminal Court, accessed April 10, 2023,

httpwww.icc-cpi.int/justice-for/victims.

[11] Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, art. 2, Dec. 9, 1948, 78 U.N.T.S. 277, available at https://www.ohchr.org/en/professionalinterest/pages/cppcg.aspx.

[16] Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, art. 7, July 17, 1998, 2187 U.N.T.S. 90, available at https://www.icc-cpi.int/resource-library/Documents/RS-Eng.pdf

[22] Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, Article 8.

[23] International Criminal Court,” States Parties,” accessed September 27, 2021, https://www.icc-cpi.int/about/states-parties.

[28] United Nations General Assembly, Definition of Aggression, GA Res. 3314 (XXIX) (Dec. 14, 1974), available at http://www.un-documents.net?a29r3314.htm

[29] United Nations General Assembly, Definition of Aggression, GA Res. 3314 (XXIX) (Dec. 14, 1974), available at http://www.un-documents.net?a29r3314.htm

[30] Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, art. 8bis (1), July 17, 1998, 2187 U.N.T.S. 90, available at https://www.icc-cpi.int/resource-library/Documents/RS-Eng.pdf.

[34] Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, Art. 12-13 (1998).

[35] Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, Art. 12(2) (1998).

[36] Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, Art. 17 (1998).

[37] International Criminal Court, States Parties, https://www.icc-cpi.int/pages/asp_sattes.aspx (last visited Apr. 11, 2023).

[38] Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, Art. 17(1) (1998).

[39] Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, art. 12, July 17, 1998, 2187 U.N.T.S. 3.

[40] “Status of Ratifications,” International Criminal Court, accessed April 10, 2023, https://www.icc-int/about/status-of-ratifications.

[41] Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, art. 17

[42] Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, art. 25.

[43] Benjamin N. Schiff, “The International Criminal Court: A Short Introductions,” Congressional Research Service, January 23, 2017, https://fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R44207.pdf.

[44] Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, art. 6, July 17, 1998, 2187 U.N.T.S. 3.

[45] Rome Statute of the international Criminal Court, art. 12.

[46] “Situation in Darfur, Sudan,” International Criminal Court, accessed April 10, 2023, https://www.icc-cpi.int/darfur.

[47] Kirsten J. Fisher,” Ecocide and Genocide: Defining the Relationship and Charting a Way Forward,” Journal of Human Rights and the Environment 8, no. 2 (2017): 163-191.

[48] William Schabas, “THE International Criminal Court: A Commentary on the Rome Statute,” (Oxford University Press, 2010), 198-199.

[49] Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, art. 7, July 17, 1998, 2187 U.N.T.S. 3.

[50] Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, art. 12.

[51] The Prosecutor v. Thomas Lubanga Dyilo, “International Criminal Court, accessed April 10, 2023, https://www.icc-cpi.int/lubanga.

[52] W. Michael Reisman, “Crimes Against Humanity.” The American Journal of International Law 93, no. 1 (1999): 43-58.

[53] William Schabas, “The International Criminal Court: A Commentary on the Rome Statute,” (Oxford University Press, 2010), 166-168.

[54] Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, art. 8, July 17, 1998, 2187 U.N.T.S. 3.

[55] Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, art. 12.

[56] “The Prosecutor v. Bosco Ntaganda,” International Criminal Court, accessed April 10, 2023, https://www.icc-cpi.int/ntaganda.

[57] Bonnie Docherty and Tyler Giannini, “Drones and the International Rule of Law,” Harvard International Law Journal 54, no. 1 (2013): 1-75.

[58] William Schabas, “The International Criminal Court: A Commentary on the Rome Statute,” (Oxford University Press, 2010), 137-139.

[59] Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, art. 8 bis, July 17, 1998, 2187 U.N.T.S. 3

[60] Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, art. 15 bis.

[61] “The Crime of Aggression,” International Criminal Court, accessed April 10, 2023, https://www.icc-cpi.int/crime-of-aggression.

[62] Jennifer Trahan, “The Kampala Compromise on the Crime of Aggression: Did States Bargain Away Too Much?” Leiden Journal of International Law 25, no. 1 (2012): 49-72.

[63] John Dugard, “The International Criminal Court and the Crime of Aggression,” South Africa Journal on Huma Rights 21, no. 1 (2005): 71-87.

[64] Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, art. 11(1).

[66] See, e.g., Prosecutor v. Furundzija, Judgement, Trial Chamber II, 10 December 1998, para. 151.

[67] Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, art. 12(2).

[72] Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, Article 12.

[75] Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, Article 12.

[78] ICC, Situation in the Republic of Mali, ICC-01/12-01/15, https://www.icc-cpi.int/mali/al-mahdi.

[80] ICC, Al Mahdi Case: First ICC Case to Focus on the Destruction of Cultural Heritage, https://www.icc-cpi.int/Pages/item.aspx?name=pr1263.

[81] Situation in the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, ICC-01/11-01/11, Pre-Trial Chamber I (June 27, 2011).

[82] Prosecutor v. Abd-Al-Rahman, ICC-01/11-01/11-198, Pre-Trial Chamber I (Aug. 31, 2011).

[83] Situation in Libya, ICC-01/11, Pre-Trial Chamber I (Nov. 22, 2011).

[84] Prosecutor v. Abd-Al-Rahman, ICC-01/11-01/11-529, Pre-Trial Chamber I (Oct. 11, 2013).

[85] ICC, Libya: Ali Abd-AL-Rahman transferred to the ICC, ICC-CPI-20140121-PR963 (Jan. 21, 2014).

[86] Prosecutor v. Abd-al-Rahman, ICC-01/11-01/11-212, Trial Chamber I (July 15, 2016).

[87] See Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, art. 17.

[88] ICC, Situation in Libya: Pre-Trial Chamber I reject Libya’s challenge to the admissibility of the case against Saif Al-Islam Gaddafi and refers the matter to the ICC Prosecutor for non-compliance by Libya with requests for cooperation, ICC-CPI-20120401-PR773 (Apr. 1, 2012).

[89] ICC, Libya: Ali Abd-AL-Rahman transferred to the ICC, ICC-CPI-20140121-PR963 (Jan. 21, 2014); Prosecutor v. Abd-Al-Rahman, ICC-01/11-01/11-212, Trial Chamber I (July 15, 2016).

[1] Plumber, Mustafa, 'Victim' U/S 2(wa) CrPC Includes Legal Heirs Who May Continue Criminal Case If Victim Dies: Karnataka High Court, Live Law, (Nov. 14, 2022), https://www.livelaw.in/news-updates/victim-us-2wa-crpc-includes-legal-heirs-who-may-take-over-criminal-complaint-where-victim-dies-karnatakahigh-court-214037.

[2] Scania Commercial Vehicles India Pvt. Ltd v. State of Karnataka, 2022 LiveLaw (Kar) 457.

[4] U.S. Department of Justice, Fundamentals of Victims' Rights: A Brief History of Crime Victims' Rights in the United States, (Nov. 11, 2011), https://www.ojp.gov/ncjrs/virtual-library/abstracts/fundamentals-victims-rights-brief-history-crime-victims-rights.

[6] Office for Victims of Crime, Final Report of the President's Task Force on Victims of Crime, https://ovc.ojp.gov/library/publications/final-report-presidents-task-force-victims-crime.

[7] The Crime Victims’ Rights Act, (CVRA) 18 U.S.C. § 3771.

[10] Bhagwant Singh v. Commissioner of Police, 985 AIR 1285, 1985 SCR (3) 942.

[11] P. Ramachandra Rao v. State of Karnataka, JT 2002 (4) SC 92.

[12] Satyabhama School of Law Department of Legal Studies, Penology & Victimology, https://sist.sathyabama.ac.in/sist_coursematerial/uploads/SAL1053.pdf.

[13] Domestic Working Women’s Forum v. Union of India, 1995 SCC (1) 14, JT 1994 (7) 183.

[14] State of Gujarat v. Honourable High Court of Gujarat, 1998 7 SCC 39.

[15] Thakur Ram & Ors. v. State of Bihar, AIR 1966 SC 911

[16] Shiv Kumar v. Hukam Chand, (1999) 7 SCC 467.

[17] J. K. International Vs. State (NCT of Delhi), (2001) 3 SCC 462.

[18] Amir Hamza Shaikh v. State of Maharashtra, (2019) 8 SCC 387.

[1] Pursuing LL.M (Taxation law) in the School of Excellence in Law, Chennai.

[2] Minor v. Happersett, 88 U.S. (21 Wall.) 162 (1875). The Court while accepting that women are not any less than men observed that the right to citizenship does not confer the right to vote.

[3] It states that “the rights of the citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of sex”.

[4] In this regard, the Parliament has enacted the Representation of People’s Act, 1950 and Representation of People’s Act, 1951.

[5] Gautam Bhatia, ‘Ambedkar and the right to vote’, Lawmint (2019) available at https://www.livemint.com/mint-lounge/features/ambedkar-and-the-right-to-vote-1555040490483.html last accessed on 25.06.2022.

[6]N. P. Ponnuswamy v. Returning Officer, [1952] SCR 218.

[9] Jyoti Basu & Ors. v. Debi Ghosal & Ors., AIR 1982 SC 983.

[10] Chief Election Commissioner v. Jan Chaudikar, Civil Appeal no. 3040 – 3041 of 2004.

[11] People’s Union for Civil Liberties v. Union of India, Writ Petition Civil no. 161 of 2004.

[12] Gautam Bhatia, ‘PUCL v. Union of India: The Supreme Court and the negative voting’, Indian Constitutional law and Philosophy (Sept. 28, 2013), https://indconlawphil.wordpress.com/2013/09/28/pucl-v-union-of-india-the-supreme-court-and-negative-voting/ last accessed on 27.06.2022.

[13] Popularly called as the Nelson Mandela Rules.

[14] General Assembly Resolution no. 45/111. This resolution was adopted on 28^th of March, 1991.

[15] Anukul Chandra Pradhan v. Union of India, AIR 1997 SC 2814.

[16] Praveen Kumar Chaudhary & Ors. versus Election Commission of India, W.P.(C) 2336/2019.

[17] Banwari Lal Kushwaha v. State of Rajasthan, S.B. Criminal Writ Petition No.234/2016.

[18] Hinduja, ‘Is the right to vote a fundamental right or a constitutional right?’, The Leaflet (June 12, 2022), https://theleaflet.in/is-the-right-to-vote-a-fundamental-right-or-a-constitutional-right/ last accessed on 27.06.2022.

[19] Bhakthi Parekh, ‘Denial Of Voting Rights To Under-trial Prisoners: An Unreasonable And Unjust disqualification’, Live law (Oct 18, 2021), https://www.livelaw.in/law-firms/law-firm-articles-/voting-rights-undertrial-prisoners-black-robes-legal-183859?infinitescroll=1 last accessed on 27.06.2022.

[21] Vakil Prasad Singh v. State of Bihar, Criminal appeal no. 138 OF 2009.

[22] Hussainara Khatoon v. Home Secretary, State of Bihar, 1979 AIR 1369.

[23] Joginder Kumar v. State of Uttar Pradesh, (1994) 4 SCC 260.

[24] Baljeet Kaur, ‘Prisoner’s right to vote: citizen without a vote in a democracy has no existence’, Economic & Political Weekly, Vol. 54, Issue No. 30 (27 Jul, 2019), https://www.epw.in/node/154673/pdf last accessed on 27.06.2022.

[26] Minister of Home Affairs v. National Institute for Crime Prevention and the Re-integration of Offenders (NICRO) and Ors., 2005 (3) SA 280 (CC).

[27] Hirst v. the United Kingdom, (2005) ECHR 681.

[28] Public interest Foundation v. Union of India, Writ Petition (Civil) no. 536 of 2011.

[29] Francis Coralie v. Union Territory of Delhi, 1981 AIR 746.

[30] J. K.S.Puttaswamy v. Union of India, Writ Petiton (Civil) No. 494 OF 2012.

[31] August v. Electoral Commission, 1999 (3) SA 1.

[1] Luiz R. de Mello, Andrei A. Kirilenko, The Rates and Revenue of Bank Transaction Taxes, OECD, Economics Department, OECD Economics Department Working Papers( 2006).

[2] 14 Impact of The Bank Transactions Tax on Deposits in Argentina, Ricardo Fenochietto, Carola Pessino, Ernesto Crivelli

[3] Luiz R. de Mello, Andrei A. Kirilenko, The Rates and Revenue of Bank Transaction Taxes, OECD, Economics Department, OECD Economics Department Working Papers( 2006).

[1] Thadchanamoorthy, V. (2023) India's Digital Personal Data Protection bill, activeMind.legal. Available at: https://www.activemind.legal/guides/india-dpdp/ (Accessed: April 12, 2023).

[2] Thadchanamoorthy, V. (2023) India's Digital Personal Data Protection bill, activeMind.legal. Available at: https://www.activemind.legal/guides/india-dpdp/ (Accessed: April 12, 2023).

[3] Draft Digital Personal Data Protection bill, 2022 (2023) PRS Legislative Research. Available at: https://prsindia.org/billtrack/draft-the-digital-personal-data-protection-bill-2022 (Accessed: April 12, 2023).

[4] Thadchanamoorthy, V. (2023) India's Digital Personal Data Protection bill, activeMind.legal. Available at: https://www.activemind.legal/guides/india-dpdp/ (Accessed: April 12, 2023).

[5] Thadchanamoorthy, V. (2023) India's Digital Personal Data Protection bill, activeMind.legal. Available at: https://www.activemind.legal/guides/india-dpdp/ (Accessed: April 12, 2023).

[6] Thadchanamoorthy, V. (2023) India's Digital Personal Data Protection bill, activeMind.legal. Available at: https://www.activemind.legal/guides/india-dpdp/ (Accessed: April 12, 2023).

[7] TrueVault (no date) What are the rights of data subjects under GDPR?, TrueVault. Available at: https://www.truevault.com/resources/compliance/what-are-the-rights-of-data-subjects-under-gdpr (Accessed: April 12, 2023).

[8] TrueVault (no date) What are the rights of data subjects under GDPR?, TrueVault. Available at: https://www.truevault.com/resources/compliance/what-are-the-rights-of-data-subjects-under-gdpr (Accessed: April 12, 2023).

[9] TrueVault (no date) What are the rights of data subjects under GDPR?, TrueVault. Available at: https://www.truevault.com/resources/compliance/what-are-the-rights-of-data-subjects-under-gdpr (Accessed: April 12, 2023).

[10] TrueVault (no date) What are the rights of data subjects under GDPR?, TrueVault. Available at: https://www.truevault.com/resources/compliance/what-are-the-rights-of-data-subjects-under-gdpr (Accessed: April 12, 2023).

[11] TrueVault (no date) What are the rights of data subjects under GDPR?, TrueVault. Available at: https://www.truevault.com/resources/compliance/what-are-the-rights-of-data-subjects-under-gdpr (Accessed: April 12, 2023).

[12] TrueVault (no date) What are the rights of data subjects under GDPR?, TrueVault. Available at: https://www.truevault.com/resources/compliance/what-are-the-rights-of-data-subjects-under-gdpr (Accessed: April 12, 2023).

[13] Thadchanamoorthy, V. (2023) India's Digital Personal Data Protection bill, activeMind.legal. Available at: https://www.activemind.legal/guides/india-dpdp/ (Accessed: April 12, 2023).

[14] Thadchanamoorthy, V. (2023) India's Digital Personal Data Protection bill, activeMind.legal. Available at: https://www.activemind.legal/guides/india-dpdp/ (Accessed: April 12, 2023).

[15] Thadchanamoorthy, V. (2023) India's Digital Personal Data Protection bill, activeMind.legal. Available at: https://www.activemind.legal/guides/india-dpdp/ (Accessed: April 12, 2023).

[16] Draft Digital Personal Data Protection bill, 2022 (2023) PRS Legislative Research. Available at: https://prsindia.org/billtrack/draft-the-digital-personal-data-protection-bill-2022 (Accessed: April 12, 2023).

[1] Schaefer, S. (2017, September 19). The Demise of Toys 'R' Us Is a Warning to Private Equity. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2017/09/19/business/toys-r-us-bankruptcy-private-equity.html.

AN ANALYSIS ON EVOLUTION OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY BY - MISS MONIKA SINGH & MISS IRA PAL

BLACK MONEY AND TAX HAVENS BY - CHANDRIKA.B

A CRITICAL ANALYSIS ON CYBER SECURITY AND MOBILE LAWS BY: BERTILA. A

ROLE OF ICC IN THE PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS BY: SHISHAM PRADHAN

VICTIM PARTICIPATION IN CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM: STATUS QUO AND THE WAY FORWARD By: DEBALINA ROY

PRISONER’S VOTING RIGHTS IN INDIA – NEED FOR INFUSING LIFEBLOOD INTO DEMOCRACY BY - NIVEDHA P

AN ANALYSIS ON PROBLEMS FACED BY TRIBAL COMMUNITIES OF JHARKHAND By - MISS PRIYA KUMARI & DR. ARVIND KUMAR SINGH

BANKING TRANSACTION TAX BY - RITWICK MAJUMDER

THE CHRONICLE OF INDIAN DATA PRIVACY BILL - PROGRESSIVE PRINCIPLES, DOUBTFUL ENFORCEMENT BY: - RADHIKA DWIVEDI

A STUDY OF LEVERAGE BUY – OUT WITH SUITABLE EXAMPLE BY - BAIDYANATH SHARAN

LAW JOURNAL

IMPORTANT LINKS

ETHICS & POLICY

Citation 2

Citation

Citation

Citation

Citation

Citation

Citation

Citation

Citation

Citation

Citation