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[1] Barnaby J. Feder, ‘Theodore Levitt, 81, Who Coined the term ‘Globalization’, is Dead’, [6 July 2006] https://www.nytimes.com/2006/07/06/business/06levitt.html accessed on 6th January 2023.

[2] Jan Currie & Janice Newson, ‘Universities & Globalization: Critical Perspectives’, Sage Publication [1998], p. 1

[3] Vladislav L. Inozemtsev, ‘The Present Day Globalization’ [2008] p.46-47 https://www.socionauki.ru/journal/files/aog/2008_1/the_present_day_globalization.pdf accessed on 6th October 2022

[5] The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica, ‘Industrial revolution’, [23 August 2022] https://www.britannica.com/event/Industrial-Revolution accessed on 10th January 2023.

[6] James Scott Johnson, Kant’s Philosophy: A study for Educators [2013] p. 156

[8] Globalisation: The Human Consequences, Cambridge: Polity Press, 2000

[9] Vishal Bhavsar and Dinesh Bugra, “Globalisation: Mental Health and Social Economic Factors”, Global Social Policy, vol8, December 2008, p.380

[10] Ruchira Ganguly and Timothy J Scrase, Globalisation and the Middle Classes in India: The Social and Cultural Impact of Neoliberal Reform, New York: Routledge, 2009, p4.

[14] Prakash Cotton Mills v. State of Bombay, 1957 II LLJ 490 (Bom.)

[16] Air India v. United Labour Union, (1997) 9 SCC 377.

[17] My Dear Friends in America, third edition, p. 444.

[1] Singhania Brinda, “an analysis on the causes of juvenile delinquency” (an analysis on the causes of juvenile delinquency)

[2] Deitch M, “Desktop Guide to Quality Practice for Working with Youth in Confinement, ACC #028418” (Ch.1 Historical Perspective | Desktop Guide)

[4] “Module 1: Evolution of Juvenile Justice System in ... - Inflibnet Centre”

[5] Bharagava A, “Juvenile Justice in India” (The Law Brigade Publishers (India)March 16, 2019)

[6] Balaji, “Child Protection Act in India 1960 - Major Needs, Laws & Acts” (BYJU'S Exam Prep February 17, 2023)

[7] Pradhan R, “Critical Analysis: Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act 2015” (LexFortiSeptember 16, 2020)

[8] “Convention on the Rights of the Child” (OHCHR)

[9] Singh P, “Juvenile Justice Act: A Socio-Legal Study” (AcademikeNovember 13, 2015)

[10] “Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015.” (India Code January 1, 1970)

[11] Sheela Barse v. Union of India, (1986 SCC (3) 596)

[12] Sheela Barse v. Secretary, Children Aid Society & Or’s, (1987 AIR 656)

[13] Lakshmi Kant Pandey v. Union of India, (1984 AIR 469)

[14] This letter was later referred to a press report based on "empirical investigation carried out by the staff of a reputed foreign magazine" called "The Mail".

[15] The Government of India has complied with a number of the Court’s directives including setting up a Central Adoption Resource Agency (CARA), which framed guidelines for the adoption of Indian children.

[16] Bachpan Bachao Andolan v. Union of India & Others, ([2011] 5 SCC 1)

[17] Vishal Jeet v. Union of India, (1990 AIR 1412)

[18] Gaurav Jain v. Union of India, (AIR 1997 SC 3021)

[20] Bail to a person who is apparently a child alleged to be in conflict with the law.

[21] Apprehension of a child alleged to be in conflict with the law.

[22] W.P. No. 5327(W) of 2020 MANU/WB/0489/2020

[23] Classification of offences and designated court.

[24] Delhi Commission for Protection of Child Rights vs Union of India, (2022)

[1] World Health Organization, Eliminating Female Genital Mutilation: An interagency statement, WHO, UNFPA, UNICEF, UNIFEM, OHCHR, UNHCR, UNECA, UNESCO, UNDP, UNAIDS, WHO, Geneva, 2008, p. 4.

[2] United Nations International Children’s Fund (UNICEF), Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting: A statistical overview and exploration of the dynamics of change, New York, 2013.

[3] Kartar Singh v. State of Punjab, (1994)3 SCC 569.

[4] Kehar Singh v. Union of India, (1989)1 SCC 204.

[5] Siddharam Satlingappa Mhetre v. State of Maharashtra, (2011)1 SCC 694.

[6] S. Krishna Sradha v. State of Andhra Pradesh, (2017)4 SCC 516.

[7] Bandhua Mukti Morcha v. Union of India & Ors., (1997)10 SCC 549.

[8] Brian A. Garner, editor-in-chief. Black's Law Dictionary. St. Paul, MN: Thomson Reuters, 2014.

[9] Steel Authority of India Ltd. v. National Union Waterfront Workers, (2001)7 SCC 1.

[10] State of Uttar Pradesh v. Dina Nath, AIR 1997 SC 1095.

[12] Keshavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala, (1973)4 SCC 225.

[13] S.R. Bommai v. Union of India, (1994)3 SCC 1.

[15] S.P. Mittal v. Union of India, (1983)1 SCC 51.

[16] The Commissioner, Hindu Religious Endowments, Madras v. Sri Lakshmindra Thirtha Swamiar of Sri Shirur Mutt, AIR 1954 SC 282.

[17] Ziyauddin Burhanuddin Bukhari v. Brijmohan Ramdass Mehra, (1976)2 SCC 17.

[18] Aishat Shifa v. The State of Karnataka, 2022 SCC OnLine SC 1394.

[19] T.M.A Pai Foundation v. State of Karnataka, (2002) 8 SCC 481.

[20] Adi Saiva Sivachariyargal Nala Sangam v. State of Tamil Nadu, (2016)2 SCC 725.

[22] 20 Ghadially R, Manushi A., All for izzat’ the practice of female circumcision among Bohra Muslims, JOURNAL ABOUT WOMEN AND SOCIETY. 1991, 66, p 17–20.

[23] State of West Bengal v. Ashutosh Lahiri, (1995)1 SCC 189.

[24] State of Gujarat v. Mirzapur Moti K.K. Jamat, (2005)8 SCC 534.

[26] Durgah Committee, Ajmer v. Syed Hussain Ali, (1962) 1 SCR 383.

[28] Shayara Bano v. Union of India, (2017)9 SCC 1.

[29] Charu Khurrana v. Union of India, (2015) 1 SCC 192.

[1] The Indian Penal Code,1860 (45 of 1860), s. 375

[2] The Indian Penal Code,1860 (45 of 1860), Exception to s. 375

[3] The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005. (No 43 of 2005)., s.3

[4] Bodhisattwa Gautam v. Subhra Chakraborty (1996) 1SCC 490

[8] The Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006, s. 3(a)

[9] The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005. (No 43 of 2005)., s3(a)

[10] The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005. (No 43 of 2005)., s3(d)

[11] Campbell, R., Dworkin, E. and Cabral, G., An ecological model of the impact of sexual assault on women's mental health. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 2009

[12] Surjibhai Badaji Kalasva v. State of Gujarat, (2018) 59 (3) GLR 2498

[13] Ann Burgess and Lynda Holmstrom, Rape Trauma Syndrome, American Journal of Psychiatry 981-986 (1974).

[14] Bodhisattwa Gautam v. Subhra Chakraborty, (1996) 1 SCC 490.

[18] Sarkar J. Mental health assessment of rape offenders, 55(3) Indian J Psychiatry 235?243 (2013).

[20] The Indian Penal Code (45 of 1860), s. 376(1).

[22] The Indian Penal Code (45 of 1860), s. 376A.

[24] Law Commission of India, “42nd Report on Indian Penal Code,1860” (June, 1971).

[25] Law Commission of India, “172nd Report on Review of Rape Laws” (January, 1998).

[28] Kharak Singh v. State of Uttar Pradesh, AIR 1963 SC 1295.

[29] State of Karnataka v. Krishnappa, (2000) 4 SCC 75 (India).

[30] C.E.S.C. Ltd. v. Subhash Chandra, (1992) 1 SCC 441 (India).

[31] See also Bandhua Mukti Morcha v. Union of India (1997) 10 SCC 549, Francis Coralie v. Union Territory of Delhi 1981 AIR 746, 1981 SCR (2) 516

[32] The Chairman, Railway Board v. Chandrima Das¸ AIR 2000 SC 988.

[33] Govind v. State of Madhya Pradesh, AIR 1975 SC 1378.

[34] State of Maharashtra v. Madhkar Narayan, AIR 1991 SC 207.

[36] Arnesh Kumar v. State of Bihar, (2014) 8 SCC 273 (India)

[38] Nimeshbhai Bharatbhai Desai v. State of Gujarat, (2017) No. 26957

[41] Rafiq v. State of Uttar Pradesh, 1980 Cr. L.J. 1344 SC

[42] Nimeshbhai Bharatbhai Desai v. State of Gujarat R/Criminal Misc. Application Nos. 26957, 24342 of 2017 and R/Special Criminal Application No. 7083 of 2017

[43] World Health Organization, Department of Reproductive Health and Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, South African Medical Research Council (2013). http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/publications/violence/9789241564625/en/

[2] AV Dicey, Law of the Constitution, 138 (1952).

[4] The Federalist Papers: No. 46, Yale Law School, https://avalon.yale.edu/18th_century/fed46.asp.

[5] The Federalist Papers: No. 48, Yale Law School, https://avalon.yale.edu/18th_century/fed48.asp.

[7] U.S. Const. art. I, § 8; Necessary and Proper Clause, Legal Information Institute, https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/necessary_and_proper_clause#.

[9] GEOFFREY R. STONE, et. al., CONSTITUTIONAL LAW, 165-169, (5^thed. 2005).

[11] Indian Independence Act, 1947 c. 30 (10 & 11 Geo. 6); CONST. INDIA, art. 395.

[13] Constituent Assembly of India Debates, 15^th November 1948.

[23] William Marbury v. James Madison, 5 U.S. 137 (1803).

[27] Martin v. Hunter’s Lessee, 14 U.S. 304 (1816).

[28] Trustees of Dartmouth College v. Woodward, 17 U.S. 518 (1819).

[38] Jeff Powell, The Compleat Jefforsonian: Justice Rehnquist and Federalism, The Yale Law Journal, Vol. 91, No. 7 (Jun., 1982), pp. 1317- 1370, https://www.jstor.org/stable/795957.

[39] New York v. United States, 505 U.S. 144 (1992).

[40] United States v. Lopez, 514 U.S. 549 (1995).

[44] Shankari Prasad v. Union of India, AIR 1952 SC 458.

[45] Sajjan Singh v. State of Rajasthan, AIR 1965 SC 845.

[46] Golak Nath v. State of Punjab, AIR 1967 SC 1643.

[47] Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala, AIR 1973 SC 1461.

[48] Indira Gandhi v. Raj Narain, AIR 1975 SC 2299.

[49] Minerva Mills v. Union of India, AIR 1980 SC 1789.

[50] Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala, AIR 1973 SC 1461.

[51] SR Bommai v. Union of India, AIR 1994 SC 1918.

[52] Ganga Ram Moolchandani v. State of Rajasthan, AIR 2001 SC 2616; ITC LTD v. Agricultural Produce Market Committee, AIR 2002 SC 852.

[57] INDIA CONST. VII Sch., List I, Entry 52, 54, 97.

[58] INDIA CONST. VII Sch., List II, Entry 23, 24.

[61] Shamser v. State of Punjab, AIR 1974 SC 2192.

[62] Union of India v. Sankalchand, AIR 1977 SC 2328.

[63] Pradeep Jain v. Union of India, AIR 1984 SC 1420.

[64] SR Bommai v. Union of India, AIR 1994 SC 1918.

[69] EP Royappa v. State of Tamil Nadu, AIR 1974 SC 555.

[1] Aliber RZ. A theory of direct foreign investment in Kindlebenger CP, (ed). The International Cooperation MT Press, Cambridge, MA, United States; 1970.

[2] Todaro MP, Smith SC. Economic development (8th Ed.) Delhi Pearson Education; 2003.

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