INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS

All research articles published INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS are fully open access. i.e. immediately freely available to read, download and share. Articles are published under the terms of a Creative Commons license which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Disclaimer:

The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors. They do not purport to reflect the opinions or views of the INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS or its members. The designations employed in this publication and the presentation of material therein do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS

IJLRA	N. Raj Kumar ; Kamble Shivadayal . "Design of Fault Tolerance Parallel FFT’s Using Xilinx 14.5v" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals Volume 5 Issue 8 2022 Page 1-6
IEEE	N. Raj Kumar ; Kamble Shivadayal . "Design of Fault Tolerance Parallel FFT’s Using Xilinx 14.5v" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, 5(8)

^{^[2]} Rashmi Bagri, OFFICE OF PROFIT: IT'S TIME TO LAY DOWN THE SPECIFICS, LiveLaw, (Nov. 21, 2021, 11:48 a.m.). https://www.livelaw.in/columns/office-of-profit-doctrine-of-separation-of-power-governance-legislations-supreme-court-decisions-185994

^{^[3]} Debabrata Mohanty, ODISHA: EC ACQUITS 22 BJD MLAS OVER OFFICE-OF-PROFIT CHARGES, Hindustan Times, (Nov. 10, 2021, 10:48 a.m.) https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/odisha-ec-acquits-22-bjd-mlas-over-office-of-profit-charges-101636521498746.html

^{^[4]} Odisha Offices of Profit (Removal of Disqualifications) Amendment Act, 2016.

^{^[8]} Government of India Act 1935, 26 Geo. 5 c. 2, § 26(1)(a).

^{^[9]} The Representation of the People Act, 1951, § 10.

^{^[10]} Gulab Chand Chordia v. Thakur Narain Singh and ors., (1953) 6 ELR 399.

^{^[11]} The Parliament (Prevention of Disqualification) Act, 1959, § 3.

^{^[13]} Rajesh Ranjan & Naina Bhargava, Office of Profit in India, Legal Service India, https://www.legalserviceindia.com/legal/article-1153-office-of-profit-in-india.html

^{^[16]} Gae R, Office of Profit under the Government,48 JSTOR L. J. 1, 400 (2006).

^{^[17]} The Parliament (Prevention of Disqualification) Act, 1959.

^{^[19]} Sruthi Radhakrishnan, The Hindu explains: Office of Profit, The Hindu, (Jan. 20, 2018, 04:32 p.m,) https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/the-hindu-explains-office-of-profit/article22480152.ece

^{^[20]} Kanta Kathuria v. Manak Chand Surana, 1970 SCR (2) 835.

^{^[21]} Ananya Jha, Office of Profit- Definition under the Indian Constitution, Ipleaders, Nov. 16 2018, https://blog.ipleaders.in/office-of-profit/#_ftnref2

^{^[22]} Jaya Bachchan v. Union of India and Ors., (2006) 5 SCC 266.

^{^[25]} Umrao Singh v. Darbara Singh & Ors., AIR 1969 SC 262.

^{^[27]} Our Political Bureau, Political pot on boil over Jaya disqualification, Business Standard (Feb. 6, 2013, 06:31 a.m.)

https://www.business-standard.com/article/economy-policy/political-pot-on-boil-over-jaya-disqualification-106031801049_1.html

^{^[29]} Vakasha Sachdev, , AAP MLAs’ Disqualification: Decoding the Office of Profit Case, The Quint ( Jan. 19, 2018, 10:24 p.m.) https://www.thequint.com/news/india/decoding-aap-mla-disqualification-office-of-profit-case#read-more

^{^[30]} Gurugobinda Basu v. Sankari Prasad Ghosal and ors., 1964 (4) SCR 311

^{^[34]} News, Narada sting operation: CBI files FIR against 12 Trinamool leaders for 'criminal conspiracy' , The Times of India(Apr.17, 2017) https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/narada-sting-operation-cbi-files-fir-against-12-trinamool-leaders-for-criminal-conspiracy/articleshow/58227792.cms

^{^[35]} India Const. art. 102 &191.

32 India Const. Art. 102

^{^[36]} The Parliament (Prevention of Disqualification) Act, 1959, § 3.

^{^[37]} The Parliament (Prevention of Disqualification) Act, 1959, § 5.

^{^[38]} Faizan Mustafa, Grab This Opportunity To Abolish Disqualification Due to 'Office of Profit', The Wire (Jan. 22, 2018), https://thewire.in/government/grab-opportunity-abolish-disqualification-due-office-profit .

^{^[39]} Consumer Education and Research Society v. Union of India, MANU/SC/1499/2009.

^{^[42]} The Bihar Legislature (Removal of Disqualifications) Act, 1950.

^{^[43]} The West Bengal Legislature (Removal of Disqualifications) Act, 1952 § 2(i)(a) and 2(i)(d).

^{^[44]} Chowdhury M.J.A., Judiciary and the Dilemma of ‘Office of profit, Vol.XI CUJ.L. 1, 58-82 (2010).

^{^[45]} Brian Duignan, What is the Emoluments clause, Britannica (Oct. 21, 2001), https://www.britannica.com/story/what-is-the-emoluments-clause.

^{^[47]} Edward Hicks, Resignation from the House of Commons, UK Parliament (Sep. 11, 2019), https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/SN06395/SN06395.pdf.

^{^[50]} Succession to the Crown Act 1707, 6 Ann. c. 41, §26.

^{^[51]} House of Commons Disqualification Act 1741, 15 Geo. 2 c. 22.

^{^[52]} House of Commons Disqualification Act 1975, c. 24 (UK), https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1975/24/body.

^{^[54]} Ashok Kumar Bhattacharyya Vs. Ajoy Biswas and Ors. (1985) 1 SCC 151.

^{^[58]} Jaya Bachchan Vs. Union of India (UOI) and Ors. AIR 2006 SC 2119.

^{^[59]} Biharilal Dobrav v. Roshanlal Dobrav [1984] 1 SCR 877.

^{^[60]} Divya Prakash Vs. Kultar Chand Rana and Ors. AIR 1975 SC 1067.

^{^[61]} Himachal Pradesh Board of School Education Act, 1968, § 18.

^{^[62]} Gurugobinda Basu Vs. Sankari Prasad Ghosal and Ors. AIR 1964 SC 254.

^{^[63]} Indian Companies Act, 1956, § 2(18) & 617.

^{^[68]} Satya Ranjan Swain, The Concept of 'Office of Profit' in India, SSRN (Dec. 10, 2011), https://ssrn.com/abstract=2181796 .

^{^[70]} Pradyut Bordoloi Vs. Swapan Roy, AIR 2001 SC 296.

[1] Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Article 16.

[2] Law Commission of India, “242^nd Report on Prevention of Interference with the Freedom of Matrimonial Alliances (in the name of Honour and Tradition)” (August, 2012), available at: https://lawcommissionofindia.nic.in/reports/report242.pdf (last accessed on October 13, 2021)

[3] Arvind Chauhan (2016) “Highest number of honour killings, relationship murders in UP” Times of India, 31st August, 2016, available at: https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/agra/highest-number-of-honour-killings-relationship-murders-in-up/articleshow/53949053.cms (last accessed October 14, 2021)

[4] US Department of State, 2019 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: India, https://www.state.gov/reports/2019-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/india/ (last visited on October 12, 2021).

[5] National Crime Records Bureau, Ministry of Home Affairs, ‘Crime in India 2020’, Statistics Volume-1, available at: https://ncrb.gov.in/sites/default/files/Crime%20in%20India%20-%202016%20Complete%20PDF%20291117.pdf, last visited on September 28, 2022.

[6] National Crime Records Bureau, Ministry of Home Affairs, ‘Crime in India 2020’, Statistics Volume-1, available at: https://ncrb.gov.in/sites/default/files/Crime%20in%20India%202017%20-%20Volume%201_0_0.pdf, last visited on September 28, 2022.

[7] Ministry of Home Affairs, Honour Killings, available at: https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1540824 (last visited on October 15, 2021)

[8] NCRB report leaves out lynching, honour killing data for being ‘vague’, available at: https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/ncrb-report-leaves-out-lynching-honour-killing-data-for-being-vague/cid/1713552 (last visited on October 15, 2021)

[9] National Crime Records Bureau, Ministry of Home Affairs, ‘Crime in India 2020’, Statistics Volume-1, available at: https://ncrb.gov.in/sites/default/files/CII%202019%20Volume%201.pdf, last visited on September 28, 2022.

[11] India: Honour-based violence, including prevalence in rural and urban areas; legislation; state protection and support services available (2016-May 2020), available at: https://www.justice.gov/eoir/page/file/1290791/download#:~:text=Sources%20note%20that%20honour%2Dbased,%2Dreported%20(Reuters%2029%20Dec.&text=According%20to%20a%20report%20on,%5B2019%5D%2C%20162) (last visited on October 14, 2021).

[12] National Crime Records Bureau, Ministry of Home Affairs, ‘Crime in India 2020’, Statistics Volume-1, available at: https://ncrb.gov.in/sites/default/files/CII%202020%20Volume%201.pdf, last visited on September 28, 2022.

[14] Tanya D’Lima, Jennifer L. Solotaroff, Rohini Prabha Pande, ‘For the sake of Family and Tradition: Honour Killings in India and Pakistan’, Sage Journals (2020), available at: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2455632719880852 (last visited on October 13, 2021).

[15] Manusmriti: The Laws of Manu (ca. 1500 BC – or later-) (translated by G. Buhler), available at http://eweb.furman.edu/~ateipen/ReligionA45/protected/manusmriti.htm (last visited on October 10, 2021).

[18] Lata Singh v State of U.P., 2006 (5) SCC 475.

[20] Rahul Rajput’s murder: Family says woman was present at spot and even tried to save him, available at: https://www.indiatvnews.com/news/india/delhi-rahul-rajput-murder-woman-tried-to-save-was-present-at-spot-655996 (last visited on October 12, 2021)

[21] Navtej Singh Johar v U.O.I., (2018) 10 SCC 1.

[22] Mental Healthcare Act, 2017 (No. 10 of 2017), available at: https://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/2017/175248.pdf (last visited on October 14, 2021).

[23] Mental Healthcare Act, 2017 (No. 10 of 2017), s. 2(1)(s) read with ss. 3 and 21(1)(a).

[2] Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012, No. 32, Acts of Parliament, 2012 (India).

[3] Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006, No. 6, Acts of Parliament, 2006 (India).

[4] Independent Thought v. Union of India, [2017] 10 SCC 800.

[5] Law Commission of India, https://lawcommissionofindia.nic.in/ (last visited Mar. 30, 2022).

[7] The Indian Penal Code, 1860, § 377, No. 45, Acts of Parliament, 1860 (India).

[8] Bodhisattwa Gautam v. Subhra Chakraborty, 1996 AIR 922.

[10] Hrishikesh Sahoo v. The State of Karnataka, 2022 LiveLaw (Kar) 89.

[14] K.S Puttaswamy v. Union of India, (2008) 1 SCC 234.

[18] Mukesh & Anr v. State of NCT of Delhi & Ors, (2017) 6 SCC 1.

[1] The author is currently studying Masters of Law (LL.M.) in Constitutional Law from Maharashtra National Law University, Aurangabad.

[2] W.E. Peel, J. Goudkamp, Winfield & Jolowicz on Tort 360 (Sweet & Maxwell, 19th edn., 2014).

[5] Ratanlal and Dhirajlal, The Law of Torts 279 (LexisNexis, New Delhi, 26th Edn., 2013).

[7] Khushwant Singh v. Maneka Gandhi AIR 2002 Delhi 58.

[8] Subramanian Swamy v. Union of India AIR 2016 SC 2728

[11] Shreya Singhal v. Union of India AIR 2005 SC 1523; Writ petition (Criminal) No. 167 of 2012.

[1] Chapter XX, Uttar Pradesh Police Regulations and Police Act 1861

[5] Justice KS Puttaswamy v. Union of India (2019) 1 SCC 1

^{^[2]} https://covid19.who.int/region/searo/country/in

^{^[3]} The National Commission for Women is the apex national organisation of India for protecting and promoting the interests of women.

^{^[4]} https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/domestic-violence-accounts-for-over-47-complaints-to-ncw-in-lockdown/articleshow/76161829.cms

^{^[5]} The Hindu, April 02,2020, https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/covid-19-lockdown-spike-in-domestic-violence- says-ncw/article31238659.ece

^{^[6]} Times Now News, March 29, 2020 https://www.timesnownews.com/mirror-now/crime/article/kerala-man-kills-wife- after-she-insists-to-visit-parents-hangs-her-body-to-pass-it-off-as-suicide/571120

^{^[7]} Jansatta, March 30, 2020, https://www.jansatta.com/crime-news-hindi/coronavirus-covid-19-india-lockdown-aiims- doctor-claimed-she-was-asked-to-vacate-her-flat-and-threatened-with-rape-odisha/1363204/

^{^[8]} https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/health/a-parallel-pandemic-violence-against-women-intensified-during-covid-19-confirms-un-80370

^{^[9]} Down To Earth, May 23, 2020, https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/lifestyle/covid-19-inducing-child-early-and- forced-marriage-71331

^{^[11]} https://frontline.thehindu.com/social-issues/gender/domestic-violence-during-covid-lockdown/article38034608.ece

Prospective And Retrospective Overruling On Criminal Laws In India: Detailed Analysis With Respect To The Prevention Of Corruption (Amendment) Act, 2018 (By: Yashwardhan Bansal)

Drug Abuse And Crime (By- Jagriti Garg)

The Disputable Nuances of Office of Profit: An Analysis with Respect to the Election to the Legislative Houses (By-Arryan Mohanty)

FEATURE SELECTION ON PHISHING WEBSITES : CYBER CRIME (BY-SAURABH RANKA & CHETAN JAIN)

Honour Killing in India (By: Ishita Kaushal)

Marital Rape: An Unaddressed Stigma A Debate That Must Find Its End (By- Aman Nigam)

DEFAMATION VIS-À-VIS FREEDOM OF SPEECH (By-Tarishi Agrawal)

Kharak Singh V State Of Up Air 1963 SC 1295 (By-Deepanshita Singh)

“Human Rights And Terrorism: An International And Indian Analysis” (By-Sara Chawla)

“The Pandemic: A Legal Quagmire for Domestic Crimes” (By -Yash.H.Khandvilkar)

LAW JOURNAL

IMPORTANT LINKS

ETHICS & POLICY

Citation 2

Citation

Citation

Citation

Citation

Citation

Citation

Citation

Citation

Citation

Citation