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[1] Weingberg, L. (2006) Global Terrorism: A Beginner’s Guide, 1st Ed., London, UK: One World Publication.

[2] Halder, D. (2011) Information Technology Act and Cyber Terrorism: A Critical Review, SSRN 1964261 [Online] Available from: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers. cfm?abstract_id=1964261.

[3] Laquer, W. (1987) The Age of Terrorism, 1st Ed., Boston, USA: Little, Brown and Company.

[4] Ramsay, G. (2008) Conceptualising Online Terrorism, Perspective on Terrorism, 2(7), pp: 3–10.

[5] Weimann, G. (2004) Cyberterrorism: How Real is the Threat? [Online] Available from: https://www.usip.org/sites/default/ files/sr119.pdf

[6] Singh, V. P. (2021). Cyber terrorism and Indian legal regime: a critical appraisal of Section 66 (F) of the Information Technology Act. Sri Lanka Journal of Social Sciences, 44(1), 71-81.

[7] Sue, P. Griest & Mahan, S. (2003) Terrorism in Perspective, 1st Ed., California: Sage Publications Inc.

[8] Ramsay, G. (2008) Conceptualising Online Terrorism, Perspective on Terrorism, 2(7), pp: 3–10.

[9] Singh, V. P. (2021). Cyber terrorism and Indian legal regime: a critical appraisal of Section 66 (F) of the Information Technology Act. Sri Lanka Journal of Social Sciences, 44(1), 71-81.

[10] Mali, P. (2012) Cyber Law and Cyber Crime, 1st Ed., New Delhi: Snow White Publishers.

[12] Weimann, G. (2004). Cyberterrorism: How real is the threat? (Vol. 119). United States Institute of Peace.

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[14] Akhgar, B., Staniforth, A., & Bosco, F. (2014, July 14). Cyber Crime and Cyber Terrorism Investigator’s Handbook - 1st Edition. Cyber Crime and Cyber Terrorism www.elsevier.com.https://www.elsevier.com/books/cyber-crime-and-cyber-terrorism-investigators-handbook/akhgar/978-0-12-800743-3

[15] Plotnek, J. J., & Slay, J. (2021). Cyber terrorism: A homogenized taxonomy and definition. Computers & Security, 102, 102145.

[16] Al?k, N. A. H. A. (2022). Emerging Cyber Security Threats: India’s Concerns and Options. International Journal of Politics and Security, 4(1), 170-200.

[18] Schjolberg, S. (2007) Terrorism in Cyberspace - Myth or reality? http:// www.cybercrimelaw.net/documents/Cyberterrorism.pdf

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[23] Oh, O., Agarwal, M. & Rao, H. R. (2011) Information control and terrorism: Tracking the Mumbai terrorist attack through twitter, Information Systems Frontiers, 13(1), pp: 33–43 [Online] Available from: https://link.springer.com/ content/pdf/10.1007/s10796-010-9275-8.pdf

[24] Hani, N. M. & Ranjan, A. (2018) A Critical Study on Cyber Terrorism with Reference with 26/11 Mumbai Attack, International Journal of Pure and Ranjan, Aswathy, 119(17), pp: 1617–1636.

[27] Dhar, P. (2017) Changing dimensions of criminal jurispudence in virtual reality: a critical evaluation of information technology laws, ‘cybercrimes and crimes per se’ in India, Bharati Law Review, 6(2), pp: 117–130.

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[29] Digital Readiness Survey, DBS. (2021, September 21). Indian large corporates and middle-market companies are focused on digital transformation as a priority, finds DBS survey. Indian Large Corporates and Middle-Market Companies Are Focused on Digital Transformation as a Priority, Finds DBS Survey; www.dbs.com. https://www.dbs.com/newsroom/indian_large_corporates_and_middlemarket_companies_are_focused_on_digital_transformation_as_a_priority_finds_dbs_survey

[30] Pujari, A. (n.d.). Cyber Terrorism: World Wide Weponisation. cii.in., Tamil Nadu Police Sesquicentennial Anniversary Souvenir, (2017).

[31] Sushma Devi Parmar. “Cybersecurity in India: An Evolving Concern for National Security.” The Journal of Intelligence and Cyber Security 1, no.1 (2018).

[32] Marco Gercke. Understanding Cybercrime: A Guide for Developing Countries. (Geneva: ITU Publication, 2009).

[33] Kizza, J. M. (2014). Computer network security and cyber ethics. McFarland, 120.

[34] UN. (1996). “UNCITRAL Model Law on Electronic Commerce Guide to Enactment with 1996 with Additional Article 5 as Adopted in 1998.” www.uncitral.org/pdf/english/texts/electcom/05- 89450_Ebook.pdf

[35] Desai, D. D., & Bhatt, P. (2019). Securing India’s cities: Remembering 26/11, learning its lessons. Observer Research Foundation, Special Report, (92).

[37] Mumbai Bureau. (2011, July 13). 21 killed, 141 injured as terror strikes Mumbai again. The Hindu; https://www.thehindu.com/news/national//article60513438.ece

[38] ENS Economic Bureau. (2016, October 19). Cyber attacks hit banks: SBI blocks 6 lakh debit cards to ward off security threat - The Indian Express. indianexpress.com. https://indianexpress.com/article/business/banking-and-finance/cyber-attacks-hit-banks-sbi-blocks-6l-debit-cards-to-ward-off-security-threat-3092138/

[39] Tech2, News Staff. (2018, January 16). Aadhaar security breaches: Here are the major untoward incidents that have happened with Aadhaar and what was actually affected- Technology News, First Post. https://www.firstpost.com/tech/news-analysis/aadhaar-security-breaches-here-are-the-major-untoward-incidents-that-have-happened-with-aadhaar-and-what-was-actually-affected-4300349.html

[41] Khaira, R. (2018, January 5). Rs 500, 10 minutes, and you have access to billion Aadhaar details?: The Tribune India. The Tribune; www.tribuneindia.com. https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/nation/rs-500-10-minutes-and-you-have-access-to-billion-aadhaar-details-523361

[42] Tech2, News Staff. (2018, January 9). UIDAI blocks 5,000 officials from Aadhaar portal following reports of unauthorised usage- Technology News, Firstpost. www.firstpost.com. https://www.firstpost.com/tech/news-analysis/uidai-blocks-5000-officials-from-aadhar-portal-following-reports-of-unauthorised-usage-4294143.html

[43] Ahuja, N. B. (2022, January 16). Inside story of cyber attacks on India’s banks, airlines, railways… and the fightback - The Week. The Week; www.theweek.in. https://www.theweek.in/theweek/cover/2022/01/06/inside-story-of-cyber-attacks-on-india-banks-airlines-railways-and-the-fightback.html.

[44] Clark, M. (2021, July 23). Here’s what we know about NSO’s Pegasus spyware. The Verge; www.theverge.com. https://www.theverge.com/22589942/nso-group-pegasus-project-amnesty-investigation-journalists-activists-targeted

[45] Shankland, S. (2022, July 19). Pegasus Spyware and Citizen Surveillance: Here’s What You Should Know - CNET. www.cnet.com. https://www.cnet.com/tech/mobile/pegasus-spyware-and-citizen-surveillance-what-you-need-to-know/

[47] Columbia Global Freedom of Expression. (2009, December 10). WhatsApp Inc. v. NSO Group Technologies Limited. globalfreedomofexpression.columbia.edu. https://globalfreedomofexpression.columbia.edu/cases/whatsapp-inc-v-nso-group-technologies-limited/

[48] Reuters. (2019, October 30). WhatsApp sues Israel’s NSO for allegedly helping spies hack phones around the world Technology News, The Indian Express. indianexpress.com. https://indianexpress.com/article/technology/tech-news-technology/whatsapp-sues-israels-nso-for-allegedly-helping-spies-hack-phones-around-the-world-6094140/

[49] Section 69 - Power to issue directions for interception or monitoring or decryption of any information through any computer resource. (n.d.). India Code; www.indiacode.nic.in. https://www.indiacode.nic.in/showdata?actid=AC_CEN_45_76_00001_200021_1517807324077&orderno=88#:~:text=%5B69,Power%20to%20issue%20directions%20for%20interception%20or%20monitoring%20or%20decryption,information%20through%20any%20computer%20resource.

[50] Section 69B - Power to authorise to monitor and collect traffic data or information through any computer resource for cyber security. (n.d.). India Code; https://www.indiacode.nic.in/showdata?actid=AC_CEN_45_76_00001_200021_1517807324077&orderno=90

[51] Ahuja, N. B. (2022, January 16). Inside story of cyberattacks on India’s banks, airlines, railways… and the fightback - The Week. The Week; www.theweek.in. https://www.theweek.in/theweek/cover/2022/01/06/inside-story-of-cyber-attacks-on-india-banks-airlines-railways-and-the-fightback.html.

[53] PTI. (2014). “Delhi Police Launches WhatsApp Helpline to Curb Corruption.” https://indianexpress. com/article/cities/delhi/delhi-police-launch-whatsapp-helpline-to-curb-corruption

[54] A significant article curbing the extent of freedom of speech and expression exercised by the citizens of India under Constitution of India, 1950.

[55] This section was added through an amendment to the original Information Technology Act, 2000 in the year 2008 which was the result of the infamous Mumbai Attack 26/11.

[56] Punishment for cyber terrorism. (n.d.). India Code; www.indiacode.nic.in. https://www.indiacode.nic.in/show-data?actid=AC_CEN_45_76_00001_200021_1517807324077&orderno=82

[58] Al?k, N. A. H. A. (2022). Emerging Cyber Security Threats: India’s Concerns and Options. International Journal of Politics and Security, 4(1), 170-200.

[63] Singh, V. P. (2021). Cyber terrorism and Indian legal regime: a critical appraisal of Section 66 (F) of the Information Technology Act. Sri Lanka Journal of Social Sciences, 44(1), 71-81.

[64] IANS. (2022, March 26). CERT-In detects over 14L cyber security incidents in 2021 - ET Telecom. https://telecom.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/cert-in-detects-over-14l-cyber-security-incidents-in-2021/90452616

[65] Singh, P. (2008) Terrorism and the Rule of Law, In N. R. M. Menon (ed.) Rule of Law in a Free Society, pp: 147–173, New Delhi: Oxford University Press

[17] Law of Crimes-1 Book by Dr. RD Vijayasekhar (pg-215)

[18] Section 113 B of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872

[19] Section 3(1) of the Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961 (penalty for giving or taking dowry)

[20] http://ncrb.gov.in (Crime in India 2015 statistics)

[21] ‘Indian Society-themes and social issues’ book by Nadeem Hasnain (Mc Graw Hill publication) (pg164)

[1] Principle I, Principles of International Law Recognised in the Charter of the Nuremberg Tribunal and in the Judgement of the Tribunal.

[3] The RCC was established as the de facto ruling power in Iraq after the 1968 coup.

[4] Hussein was a symbol of autocracy, cruelty in Iraq, CNN (December 30, 2006), http://edition.cnn.com/2006/WORLD/meast/12/29/hussein.obit/index.html.

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[7] International Criminal Law & Practice, ICLS Foundation, Pg. 3.

[15] Article 6, Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court

[16] Article 7, Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court

[17] Article 8, Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court

[19] Article 8 bis, Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court

[21] Article 6, Charter of Nuremberg International Military Tribunal

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[34] George Black, Genocide in Iraq: The Anfal Campaign Against the Kurds, Human Rights Watch, Middle East Watch Committee (1993)

[35] List of Saddam’s Crimes Is Long, ABC News (February 8, 2008)

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[41] Article 11, Rome Statute of the international Criminal Court

[1] B.A., LL.B. (Hons.), LL.M. (NLSIU), UGC-NET (Law), Ph.D. (Pursuing), Assistant Professor in Law, Faculty of Law, Dr. Shakuntala Misra National Rehabilitation University, Lucknow

[2] For Example, FDI Policy has been declaratory of the fact in cases of conflict, FEMA provisions shall always prevail.

[3] Ajay Kr Sharma, A Critique of Indian FDI Law & Policy, 2(1) NLUJ Law Review 30 (2013)

[5] See For Example, Major R P Verma v. Union of India, [1998] 17 SCL 35 (Del); Reserve Bank of India v. Jacqueline Chandani [1996] 86 COMP CASE 231 (Karnataka) and many others

[7] Amiti Sen, Ministries have the Right to reject FDI Proposals, DIPP Clarifies, The Hindu- Businessline, 9 JAN, 2018

[8] Shiba Shankar, Examining the determinants of FDI in India, Journal of Theoretical & Applied Economics, Volume XXIII (2016), No. 2 (2007), Summer, pp. 225-238

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[11] Jha G M, Agrawal A, Gupta A and Mishra A K, Determinants of FDI in South Asia, International Research Journal of Social Sciences, Vol. 2(1), (January 2013), 1-6, ISSN 2319– 3565

[12] For example, Press Release by Ministry of Railways, FDI in Railways, 07 April, 2017 available at http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=160691

[14] Ila Patnaik, Ajay Shah & Nirvikar Singh, Foreign Currency Borrowings by Indian Firms- Towards a new Policy Framework, India Public Forum, 2015-2016 at p. 178

[16] Emese Kuruc, Bruno Tissot and Philip Turner (BIS), Looking at Aggregate Currency Mismatches & Beyond, Paper presented on the occasion of the IFC/ECCBSO/CBRT Conference on “Uses of Central Balance Sheet Data Offices’ information”, organised by the Irving Fisher Committee on Central Bank Statistics (IFC), the European Committee of Central Balance Sheet Data Offices (ECCBSO) and the Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey (CBRT), Özdere-?zmir, 26 September 2016

[17] Aima Azhar, Naeem Ullah & Qaisar Ali Malik, Effect of Exchange Rate Volatility on FDI in SAARC Countries, Middle East Journal of Scientific Research, 23 (2): 350-356, 2015 ISSN 1990-9233 at p. 350

[18] United Nations, The Development Dimension of FDI: Policy and Rule-Making Perspectives, New Yok and Geneva, 2003

[19] Chalapati Rao KS and Biswajit Dhar, India’s Recent Inward Foreign Direct Investment: An Assessment, MPRA Paper No. 88992, posted 17 September 2018, available by retrieval at:

https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/88992/1/MPRA_paper_88992.pdf

[20] Jasmeet Kaur, FDI and Sustainable Development: Lessons to Draw for India, Annual Research Journal of SCMS, Pune, Vol. 1, Jan. 2013–Jan. 2014, pp. 56-68

[21] M. Ghoshal & Shipli Saxena, Role of FDI in Indian Small Scale Industries, International Journal of Management, IT & Technology, Vol. 2 Issue 5, 2012

[22] Joysri Acharya, FDI, Growth and The Environment: Evidence From India on Co2 Emission During the Last Two Decades, Journal of Economic Development, Volume 34, Number 1, 2009

[23] Tushar K Mahanti, High Dependence on FDI may Hamper Growth of India Inc, Economic Times, 13 April 2009

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[25] Mariusz Omela?czuk, Export Platform FDI as a Concept for Growth – Selected Global Experiences, Entrepreneurial Business and Economics Review, 1(1), pp. 91?102

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