INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS

EXPLORING THE INTERSECTION OF MENTAL ILLNESS AND CRIMINALITY BY: NEERJA & VAIBHAV DIXIT

Authors: NEERJA & VAIBHAV DIXIT

Registration ID: 105686 Published Paper ID: IJLRA5668 & IJLRA5669

Year : June -2023 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id: Neerja249@gmail.com & vaibhavdixit700@gmail.com>

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NATIONAL SECURITY LAW:1980 CRTICIAL ANALYSIS UNDER THE LIGHT OF JUDICIAL DISCREPANCIES BY - AARSHEYA SINGH

Authors: AARSHEYA SINGH

Registration ID: 105661 Published Paper ID: IJLRA5661

Year : June -2023 | Volume: 2 | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id: aarsheyaone@gmail.com

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LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK ON CUSTODIAL TORTURE IN INDIA BY - MALSAWMTLUANGI RAWITE & VANLALTHLAMUANI

Authors: MALSAWMTLUANGI RAWITE & VANLALTHLAMUANI

Registration ID: 105662 Published Paper ID: IJLRA5662 & IJLRA5663

Year : June -2023 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id: sawmteirawite@gmail.com & thlamuanikhiangte1496@gmail.com

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CRITICAL EVALUATION OF SECTION 498A OF THE INDIAN PENAL CODE IN LIGHT OF THE RECENT GUIDELINES GIVEN BY THE SUPREME COURT BY - MS. ANUSHKA BHADURI

Authors: MS. ANUSHKA BHADURI

Registration ID: 105670 Published Paper ID: IJLRA5670

Year : June -2023 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id: anushkabhaduri1306@gmail.com

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“SMOKING LAWS IN INDIA” - A STEP TOWARDS A TOBACCO-FREE FUTURE BY - ANIKET DAGAR

Authors: ANIKET DAGAR

Registration ID: 105682 Published Paper ID: IJLRA5682

Year : June -2023 | Volume:II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id: aniketdagar005@gmail.com

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RESEARCH PAPER ON THE STATEHOOD STATUS OF PALESTINE THROUGH THE LENS OF THE MONTEVIDEO CRITERIA OF STATEHOOD AND PRE - TRIAL CHAMBER (PTC): Shreya Chaudhary & Sravishtha T

Authors: Shreya Chaudhary & Sravishtha T

Registration ID: 105687 Published Paper ID: IJLRA5687 & IJLRA5688

Year : June -2023 | Volume: 2 | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id: 19jgls-shreya.c@jgu.edu.in & 19jgls-sravishtha.t@jgu.edu.in

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A STUDY ON DRUG ABUSE AMONG TEENAGERS WITH CAUSES AND EFFECTS BY - AISHWARYA SINGH

Authors: AISHWARYA SINGH

Registration ID: 105686 Published Paper ID: IJLRA5686

Year : June -2023 | Volume: 2 | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id: singh.twinkle1996@gmail.com

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REHABILITATION AND REFORMATION OF JUVENILES IN CONFLICT WITH LAW IN INDIA: BY: DR. SOUVIK CHATTERJI, ANKAN BASU & SAMRAT SAMADDAR

Authors: DR. SOUVIK CHATTERJI, ANKAN BASU & SAMRAT SAMADDAR

Registration ID: 105679 Published Paper ID: IJLRA5679, IJLRA5689 & IJLRA5703

Year : June -2023 | Volume: 2 | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id: dr.souvikchatterji@jisuniversity.ac.in, ankanbasu1971@gmail.com & sammysamrat2001@gmail.com

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IMPACT OF E-COMMERCE ON BANKING SYSTEM BY - VAISHNAVI SHIRGUPPI

Authors: VAISHNAVI SHIRGUPPI

Registration ID: 105678 Published Paper ID: IJLRA5678

Year : June -2023 | Volume: 2 | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id: shirguppivaishnavi@gmail.com

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ENFORCEMENT FOR THE PROTECTION OF WHALES, CONCERNING THE INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE REGULATION OF WHALING. BY - MONISH CHERIYADTH PURUSHOTHAM

Authors: MONISH CHERIYADTH PURUSHOTHAM

Registration ID: 105677 Published Paper ID: IJLRA5677

Year : June -2023 | Volume: 2 | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id: monishcp007@gmail.com

Page No :18 | No of times Downloads: 0065

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International journal for legal research and analysis

Abbreviation:IJLRA

ISSN:2582-6433

Website:https://www.ijlra.com/

Accessibility:Open Access

License:Creative Commons 4.0

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All research articles published INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS are fully open access. i.e. immediately freely available to read, download and share. Articles are published under the terms of a Creative Commons license which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors. They do not purport to reflect the opinions or views of the INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS or its members. The designations employed in this publication and the presentation of material therein do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS

IJLRA	N. Raj Kumar ; Kamble Shivadayal . "Design of Fault Tolerance Parallel FFT’s Using Xilinx 14.5v" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals Volume 5 Issue 8 2022 Page 1-6
IEEE	N. Raj Kumar ; Kamble Shivadayal . "Design of Fault Tolerance Parallel FFT’s Using Xilinx 14.5v" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, 5(8)

[11] Prof. Ran Hirschl, Editorial Comment (2007) 1 Indian Journal of Constitutional Law

[12] A.K. Gopalan v. State of Madras, AIR 1950 SC 27

[13] The Preventive Detention Act, 1950, s.3(1)

[16] K. Subba Rao, Some Constitutional Problems (University of Bombay, Bombay 1970)

[17] Haradhan Saha v. State of West Bengal AIR 1974 SC 2154

[21] R. C. Cooper v. Union of India, AIR 1970 SC 564

[22] Naga Peoples' Movement of Human Rights v. UOI, AIR 1998 SC 432

[26] Kartar Singh v. State of Punjab, 1994 SCC (3) 569

[28] Usmanabhai Dawood Bhai v. State of Gujarat, (1988) 2 SCC 271.

[29] People’s Union of Civil Liberties v. Union of India, (2004) 9 SCC 580

[35] State of Punjab v. Sukhpal Singh, AIR 1990 SC 231

[37] Pebam Ningol Mikoi Devi v. State of Manipur, Criminal Appeal No. 1849 of 2010

[39] E-Habeas Corpus Writ Petition No. - 362 of 2021

[40] H.C. Petn. Nos. 12438, 10159, 10256, 11151 and 12439 of 1984

[46] Preventive Detention: An overview, available at: https://www.thelawbug.com/preventive-detention-an- overview/ (Last Visited on March 10, 2023)

[4] https://lawcommissionofindia.nic.in/report_fourteenth/

[5] https://lawcommissionofindia.nic.in/report_sixteenth/

[1] Malcolm N. Shaw, “International Law” (8^th edn 2017) pp 156

[2] Convention on the Rights and Duties of States, Article 1.

[3] James Crawford, “The Creation of States in International Law”(2^nd edn 1979) pp 46

[4] Convention on the Rights and Duties of States, Article 6.

[5] William T. Worster, ?Law, Politics, and the Conception of the State in State recognition theory.” Boston University International Law Journal, (vol. no. 1 August 2009) pp. 119.

[6] Jena Abhinav and Lath Adhiraj, “The Lauterpacht Doctrine: An Objective Attempt Towards State Recognition?” 1 February 2021.

[7] Zounuzy Zadeh Ali, “International law and the Criteria for Statehood,” Faculty of Law Department of International and European Law, (2012)

[10] John Quigley, The Statehood of Palestine: International Law in the Middle East Conflict (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2010), 133.

[12] Robert McMahon & Jonathan Masters, Palestinian Statehood at the UN, Council on Foreign Rels. (November 30, 2012)

[13] Joshua Berzak, “The Palestinian Bid for Statehood: Its Repercussions for Business and Law”, Journal of International Business Law 12, no. 1 (2013) pp. 14.

[14] Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, "Population Indicators 2017". http://pcbs.gov.ps/site/langen/881/default.aspx#Population. (Last Accessed February 4th, 2018).

[15] Susan Panganiban, “Palestinian Statehood: A Study of Statehood through the Lens of the Montevideo Convention, 63.

[16] Legal Consequences of the Construction of a Wall in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, Advisory Opinion (The Hague, International Court of Justice, July 9th, 2004)

[17] James Crawford, The creation of States in International Law, (2^nd edn pp 47).

[18] Situation in the State of Palestine, ICC-01/18-143, ? 118 (Pre-Trial Chamber 1, Feb. 5, 2021).

[19] Questions and Answers on the Decision on the International Criminal Court’s Territorial Jurisdiction in the Situation in Palestine, Int’l Crim. Ct. (Feb. 15, 2021), https://www.icc-cpi.int/itemsDocuments/palestine/210215-palestine-q-a-eng.pdf.

[21] Situation in the State of Palestine, ICC-01/18-143, ? 112 (Pre-Trial Chamber 1, Feb. 5, 2021).

[22] Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court art. 12(3) (Rome, 17 July 1998) U.N. Doc. A/CONF.183/9 of 17 July 1998, entered into force 1 July 2002.

[25] Institut De Droit International: Resolutions Concerning the Recognition of the New States and New Governments, Am. J. Int’l L. (Supplement: Official Documents) 163, 185 (Oct. 1936).

[26] Abhinav Mehrotra, “Israel-Palestine Conflict: Need for a Special Tribunal and ICC.” The Geopolitics, 26^th March 2022

[1] Section 21 of the Juvenile Justice Act, 2000 as amended by the Juvenile Justice (Amendment) Act, 2015

[2] Section 82 and 83 of the Indian Penal Code 1860

[3] Pratap Singh vs. State of Jharkhand & Anr on 2 February 2005, Appeal (crl.) 210 of 2005

[4] The 1986 Act was called the Juvenile Delinquency Act.

[5] Section 4 of the Juvenile Justice Act as amended by the Juvenile Justice Act 2015.

[6] Section 7 of the Juvenile Justice Act as amended by the Juvenile Justice Act 2015

[7] Section 302 IPC deals with murder which has punishment which can extend to death sentence in rarest of rare cases

[8] Balu @ Bakthvatchalu vs. State Of Tamilnadu on 12 February 2008, Appeal (crl.) 295 of 2008

[9] Section 20 of the Juvenile Justice Act, 2000 as amended by the Juvenile Justice Act 2015

[10] It also includes the Juvenile Justice Act, 2015

[11] Article 40 of the UN Convention on Child Rights

[13] In Indian case, JJB can decide if heinous crime like rape or murder is committed whether the juvenile can be tried by JJB or Criminal Court of original jurisdiction. In US or UK they are tried by criminal court only.

[14] The discretion is there with the JJB for the time being in force.

[1] Albert H., Judd, Rivers, (2006) “Creating a winning E-Business”, Wagner Course Technology Thomson Learning, pp. 37-255

[2] Alawneh A., and Hattab E, (2007) “E-Business Value Creation: An Exploratory Study, Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Electronic Business”, Taipei, pp. 181-188

[3] Alawneh A., and Hattab E (2009). “International Arab Journal of e-Technology”, Vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 1-8

[4] Amit Basu and Steve Muylle (2007), “How to Plan E-Business Initiatives in Established Companies”, Vol. 49, No. 1, pp. 11-22

[5] Aranda-Mena, G. and Stewart, P. (2005), “Barriers to E-Business Adoption in construction international literature review”, pp. 33-49

[6] Ayo, Charles K. (2006). “The Prospects of e-Commerce Implementation in Nigeria, Journal of Internet Banking and Commerce”, Vol. 11, No.3, pp. 68-75

[7] A. K. Sohani, (2009), “Technology and Banking Sector”, ICFAI University Press, pp. 1-39

[8] Brahm Canzer, (2009) “E-Business and Commerce Strategic Thinking and Practice”, Houghton Mifflin, pp. 114-312

[9] Ami Merchandising Pvt.Ltd vs State Of Maharashtra And Others on 3 April, 2014

[12] Chiemeke, S. C., Evwiekpaefe, A. and Chete, F. (2006), “The Adoption of Internet Banking in Nigeria: An Empirical Investigation,Journal of Internet Banking and Commerce”, vol. 11, No.3, pp 33-49

[13] David Whiteley, (2001) “E-Commerce Strategy, Technologies and Applications”, Tata McGraw Hill, pp. 3-143

[14] Daft, Richard L. (1982), “ Bureaucratic Versus Nonbureaucratic Structure and the process of Innovation and Change”, pp. 129-166

[15] Earl, M. (2000), “Evolving the E-Business, Business Strategy Review”, pp. 33-38

[16] Eben Otuteye (2003) “A Systematic Approach to E-Business Security”, pp. 87-103

[17] Hackbarth, G. & Kettinger W. J. (2000), “Building an E-Business Strategy: Information Systems Management” pp. 78-90

[18] Kalakota, R. and M. Robinson (1999), “E-Business: Roadmap for success”, Addison-Wesley, 112-149

[2] Jewitt, John Rodgers, 1738-1821 (1987). The Adventures and Sufferings of John R.Jewitt:captive of Maquinna.

[3] Morgera, E , ‘ Whale Sanctuaries :An Evolving Concepts within the International Whaling Comission. Ocean Development and International Law, 35(4), 319-338Gare

[4] Smith, ‘The International Whaling Comission:An Analysis of the Past and Reflection on the Future.’1984.Vol.16

[5] William Mare ‘The problem of Scientific Whaling’ accessed 15March 2023

[6] International Convention for Regulation of Whaling,1946

[7] U.N. Doc. A/CONF.48/14 and Corr. 1, Recommendation 33 (1972).

[10] The 67^th Meeting of the International Whaling Commission (IWC 67).

[11] Donovan, ‘The International Whaling Commission and the aboriginal/subsistence whaling’.

[12] ‘Aboriginal Subsistence Whaling’< https://awionline.org/content/subsistence-whaling> accessed April 2^nd 2023.

[14] John Eligon,’A Native Tribe Wants to Resume Whaling, Whale Defenders are Divided’,(New York, 14 November 2019)

EXPLORING THE INTERSECTION OF MENTAL ILLNESS AND CRIMINALITY BY: NEERJA & VAIBHAV DIXIT

NATIONAL SECURITY LAW:1980 CRTICIAL ANALYSIS UNDER THE LIGHT OF JUDICIAL DISCREPANCIES BY - AARSHEYA SINGH

LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK ON CUSTODIAL TORTURE IN INDIA BY - MALSAWMTLUANGI RAWITE & VANLALTHLAMUANI

CRITICAL EVALUATION OF SECTION 498A OF THE INDIAN PENAL CODE IN LIGHT OF THE RECENT GUIDELINES GIVEN BY THE SUPREME COURT BY - MS. ANUSHKA BHADURI

“SMOKING LAWS IN INDIA” - A STEP TOWARDS A TOBACCO-FREE FUTURE BY - ANIKET DAGAR

RESEARCH PAPER ON THE STATEHOOD STATUS OF PALESTINE THROUGH THE LENS OF THE MONTEVIDEO CRITERIA OF STATEHOOD AND PRE - TRIAL CHAMBER (PTC): Shreya Chaudhary & Sravishtha T

A STUDY ON DRUG ABUSE AMONG TEENAGERS WITH CAUSES AND EFFECTS BY - AISHWARYA SINGH

REHABILITATION AND REFORMATION OF JUVENILES IN CONFLICT WITH LAW IN INDIA: BY: DR. SOUVIK CHATTERJI, ANKAN BASU & SAMRAT SAMADDAR

IMPACT OF E-COMMERCE ON BANKING SYSTEM BY - VAISHNAVI SHIRGUPPI

ENFORCEMENT FOR THE PROTECTION OF WHALES, CONCERNING THE INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE REGULATION OF WHALING. BY - MONISH CHERIYADTH PURUSHOTHAM

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