Open Access Research Article
IMPACT OF ARTICLE 370 ABROGATION ON THE LIVELIHOODS OF THE BAKARWAL TRIBE: A LEGAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
Abstract
Abstract
The
constitutional changes associated with the abrogation of Article 370 in August
2019 and the subsequent reorganisation of the former State of Jammu and Kashmir
have altered the legal and institutional environment within which tribal
communities pursue their livelihoods. The Bakarwals, a semi-nomadic pastoral
Scheduled Tribe, have historically depended upon livestock rearing, seasonal
migration, access to pastures and forest resources, and supplementary
agricultural and trading activities. Their economic security is therefore
closely connected with mobility, access to common and grazing resources, and
the continuity of customary practices.
This paper
examines the livelihood implications of the post-2019 legal and policy
transition for the Bakarwal community. It focuses on land rights and land use,
grazing routes and transhumance, pastoral production, access to government
programmes, forest rights, market access, and emerging opportunities associated
with infrastructure, tourism and economic development. Rather than treating the
abrogation of Article 370 as a single and self-executing cause of every
socio-economic change, the paper situates the issue within the broader sequence
of constitutional, legislative, administrative, development changes that
followed 2019.
The
analysis indicates that the central concern is not simply formal land
ownership, but the continued ability of a mobile pastoral community to access
and use the spatially distributed resources on which its livelihood depends. At
the same time, the post-2019 framework also creates avenues for greater
integration into welfare, education, financial, market and development
programmes. The paper therefore argues for a livelihood-sensitive approach that
recognises the distinct requirements of a transhumant community while ensuring
equitable access to development opportunities, legal protections, public
services and institutional participation.
Published Paper
Author Details
Authors: VEER VIKRANT SINGH
Registration ID: 1013219 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA13219
Year: Sep-2026 | Volume: 3 | Issue: 6
Approved ISSN: 2582-6433 | Country: Delhi, India
Page No.: 1531-1546
Article Information
IMPACT OF ARTICLE 370 ABROGATION ON THE LIVELIHOODS OF THE BAKARWAL TRIBE: A LEGAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
Authors: VEER VIKRANT SINGH
- Journal IJLRA
- ISSN 2582-6433
- Volume 3
- Issue 6
About Journal
International Journal for Legal Research and Analysis
- AbbreviationIJLRA
- ISSN2582-6433
- AccessOpen Access
- LicenseCC 4.0
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