INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS

ADVANCING TRANSFORMATIVE CONSTITUTIONALISM IN INDIA BY - A.BALAGURU

Authors: A.BALAGURU
Registration ID: 109455 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA9455
Year: Mar-2025 | Volume: II | Issue: 7
Approved ISSN: 2582-6433 | Country: Delhi, India
Email Id: advbalaguru@gmail.com
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DOI Link: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/03.2025-56319982/ADVANCING TRANSFORMATIVE CONSTITUTIONALISM IN INDI

A SOCIO-LEGAL PERSPECTIVE ON SURROGACY LAWS IN INDIA BY - AKHIL SAJEEV & M. ASHWIN

Authors: AKHIL SAJEEV & M. ASHWIN
Registration ID: 109453 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA9453 & IJLRA954
Year: Mar-2025 | Volume: II | Issue: 7
Approved ISSN: 2582-6433 | Country: Delhi, India
Email Id: akhil.t.sajeev@gmail.com
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FROM CLIMATE DISRUPTION TO FOOD INSECURITY: EXPLORING THE IMPACTS ON AGRICULTURE AND MALNUTRITION BY - ARCHANA KUSURU & ULISI KEERTHI

Authors: ARCHANA KUSURU & ULISI KEERTHI
Registration ID: 109451 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA9451 & IJLRA9452
Year: Mar-2025 | Volume: II | Issue: 7
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THE INFLUENCE OF ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES ON CRIMINAL BEHAVIOUR. BY - HIYA VADGAMA

Authors: HIYA VADGAMA
Registration ID: 109450 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA9450
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MARRIAGE, RIGHTS, AND THE LAW: EXAMINING THE LEGITIMACY OF RESTITUTION OF CONJUGAL RIGHTS BY - NORAH SUNIL

Authors: NORAH SUNIL
Registration ID: 109449 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA9449
Year: Mar-2025 | Volume: II | Issue: 7
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Email Id: norah.sunil@law.christuniversity.in
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HUMAN RIGHTS IN CORPORATE STRATEGY: ASSESSING ACCOUNTABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION CHALLENGES BY: TANISHA HOTA

Authors: TANISHA HOTA
Registration ID: 109448 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA9448
Year: Mar-2025 | Volume: II | Issue: 7
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BEYOND CONSENT: RETHINKING DECEPTION AND SEXUAL AUTONOMY IN INDIAN MARRIAGE PROMISES BY - UDAY POONIA

Authors: UDAY POONIA
Registration ID: 109447 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA9447
Year: Mar-2025 | Volume: II | Issue: 7
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THE RIGHT TO BE FORGOTTEN: NAVIGATING THE TENSION BETWEEN PRIVACY AND FREE EXPRESSION IN THE DIGITAL AGE BY - V VISHAL

Authors: V VISHAL
Registration ID: 109446 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA9446
Year: Mar-2025 | Volume: II | Issue: 7
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EXAMINING THE PREVENTION OF CRUELTY TO ANIMALS ACT: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES IN STRENGTHENING ANIMAL WELFARE LAWS IN INDIA BY - ANUSHA VENUGOPAL

Authors: ANUSHA VENUGOPAL
Registration ID: 109445 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA9445
Year: Mar-2025 | Volume: II | Issue: 7
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GENDER INEQUALITY AND RELIGIOUS PERSONAL LAWS IN INDIA BY - MYTHRI RAJ

Authors: MYTHRI RAJ
Registration ID: 109444 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA9444
Year: Mar-2025 | Volume: II | Issue: 7
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DOI Link: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/03.2025-77977363/GENDER INEQUALITY AND RELIGIOUS PERSONAL LAWS IN I

International journal for legal research and analysis

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[1] Biehl, Janet and Albie Sachs, Transformative Constitutionalism, 87 Tul. L. Rev. 969 (2012).

[2] Madhav Khosla, “The Indian Constitution”, Oxford University Press (2012)

[3] S.P.Sathe, “ Judicial Activism in India: Transgressing Borders and Enforcing Limits”, Oxford University Press (2002)

^{^[4]} Videh Upadhyay, “Public Interest Litigation in India: Concepts, Cases and Concerns” (Lexis Nexis, 2007).

^{^[5]} Upendra Baxi, “The Indian Supreme Court and Politics” (Eastern Book Company, 2000)

^{^[6]} Vishaka and Ors. v. State of Rajasthan and Ors., AIR 1997 SC 3011

^{^[7]} Olga Tellis and ors v. Bombay Municipal Corporation and ors., 1985 SCC (3) 545

^{^[8]} Hans Dembowski, “Taking the State to Court Public Interest Litigation and the Public Sphere in Metropolitan India” (New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2001)

[9] Granville Austin, “The Indian Constitution: Cornerstone of a Nation”, Oxford University Press, Oxford (1996)

[10] Keshavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala, AIR 1973 SC1461

[11] Vishaka v. State of Rajasthan, AIR 1997 SC 3011

[12] Indra Sawhney v. Union of India, AIR 1993 SC 477

[13] Navtej Singh Johar v. Union of India 2008 3 SCC 1

^{^[14]} Navtej Johar, “The LGBTQ+ Activists Behind India's Historic Ruling”, BBC News, September 7, 2018.

[15] Puttaswamy v. Union of India 2019 (1) SCC 1

^{^[16]} Olga Tellis v. Bombay Municipal Corporation, AIR 1986 SC 180, (1985) 3 SCC 545.

^{^[17]} Unnikrishnan v. State of Andhra Pradesh, AIR 1993 SC 2178, (1993) 1 SCC 645.

^{^[18]} Bandhua Mukti Morcha v. Union of India, AIR 1984 SC 802, (1984) 3 SCC 161.

^{^[19]} Indra Sawhney v. Union of India, AIR 1993 SC 477, (1992) Supp 3 SCC 217.

^{^[20]} Indira Nehru Gandhi v. Raj Narain, (1975) Supp SCC 1.

^{^[21]} Minerva Mills Ltd. v. Union of India, (1980) 3 SCC 625.

^{^[22]} Association for Democratic Reforms v. Union of India, (2002) 5 SCC 294.

^{^[23]} S.R. Bommai v. Union of India, (1994) 3 SCC 1.

^{^[24]} Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala, (1973) 4 SCC 225.

[25] Joseph Shine v. Union of India AIR (2018) 2 SCC 189

[26] Indian Young Lawyers Association and Ors. v. The State of Kerala., (2019) 11 SCC 1.

^{^[27]} Shayara Bano v. Union Of India (2017) 9 SCC 1.

^{^[28]} Anuradha Bhasin v. Union of India AIR 2020 SC 1308.

^{^[29]} N. Gupta, Socio-Economic Realities and Transformative Constitutionalism, 35, 102-120 no. 6 Economic and Political Weekly (2021).

^{^[30]} Baxi, Upendra, The Future of Human Rights 112-130 (Oxford University Press, 2006).

^{^[31]} Thorat, Sukhadeo, Untouchability in Rural India 45-62 (Sage Publications, 2018).

[1] Article 16 (1) of Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948.

[2] Imrana Qadeer, “Social and Ethical Basis of Legislation on Surrogacy: Need for Debate” Available at:

http://www.issuesinmedicalethics.org/171co28 (visited on 19.09.2023).

[3] https://blog.ipleaders.in/is-surrogacy-legal-in-india/

[4] R.S. Sharma, Social, ethical, medical & legal aspects of surrogacy: an Indian scenario, 140 IJMR 13, (2014),

Social, ethical, medical & legal aspects of surrogacy: an Indian scenario - PMC (nih.gov).

[5] Surrogacy, Black’s Law Dictionary, (9th edition,2009).

[6] https://www.creativefamilyconnections.com/blog/history-of-surrogacy/

[7] United Nations, Sexual and reproductive health and rights, Available at https://www.ohchr.org/en/women/sexual-and-reproductive-health-and-rights

[8] United Nations, Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Available at, https://www.un.org/en/aboutus/universal-declaration-of-human-rights

[9] Surrogacy (Regulation) Bill, 2020: The Way Forward, ipleaders, available at

https://blog.ipleaders.in/surrogacy-regulation-bill-2020-way-forward/

[10] History of Surrogacy, SURROGATE.COM, available at https://surrogate.com/aboutsurrogacy/surrogacy-101/history-of-surrogacy/

[11] https://www.deslaw.edu.in/pdf/Socio-legal_impact_of_surrogacy_in_India.pdf

[12] S. 4(b), The Surrogacy (Regulation) Act, 2021.

[13] S. 4(a), The Surrogacy (Regulation) Act, 2021.

[14] 228th Law Commission of India Report, Need For Legislation To Regulate Assisted Reproductive Technology Clinics As Well As Rights And Obligations Of Parties To A Surrogacy, 22 (2009), Available athttps://cdnbbsr.s3waas.gov.in/s3ca0daec69b5adc880fb464895726dbdf/uploads/2022/08/2022

081094-1.pdf ,

[15] https://www.drishtiias.com/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/surrogacy-law#:

[16] https://www.khuranaandkhurana.com/2023/06/16/legality-of-surrogacy-in-india-everything-you-need-to-know.

[17] https://www.defactolaw.in/post/surrogacy-in-india-law-and-issues.

[19] https://www.drishtiias.com/printpdf/surrogacy-4

[21] https://www.ijfmr.com/papers/2022/6/1139.pdf

[22] https://www.pagepressjournals.org/hls/article/view/hls.2015.5465/5394 - :~:text=Surrogacy%20can%20lead%20to%20the,children's%20psychological%20adjustment%20is%20undetermined.

[25] surrogate.com/surrogates/pregnan

cy-and-health/emotional-and-medical-risks-of-surrogacy/#:

[27] https://www.ivfconceptions.com/latest-surrogacy-law-in india/#:~:text=The%20surrogacy%20law%20in%20India,medical%20expenses%20and%20insurance%20coverage.

[28] https://www.ijfmr.com/papers/2022/6/1139.pdf

[30] https://www.birmingham.ac.uk/news-archive/2018/the-ethics-of-surrogacy-1#:~:text=Surrogacy%20is%20often%20thought%20to,%2C%20payment%2C%20exploitation%20and%20inequality.

[32] https://surrogate.com/surrogates/pregnancy-and-health/emotional-and-medical-risks-of-surrogacy/#:

[34] https://www.ijfmr.com/papers/2022/6/1139.pdf

[35] http://www.legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/surrogate+motherhood

[36] Black’s Law Dictionary, Eighth Edition, 1036 (2004).

[37] Nandita Adhikari, “Surrogate Motherhood” Law and Medicine 167 (2012).

[38] http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/575390/surrogate-motherhood

[40] Kush Kalra, “Surrogacy Arrangements; Legal and Social Issues” Journal of Law Teachers India 125 (2010).

[42] J.P.S. Sirohi, Criminology and Penology 679 (2011)

[43] Surrogate Motherhood -Ethical or Commercial, Dr. Ranjana Kumari, Director Centre for Social Research

Available at https://wcd.nic.in/sites/default/files/final%20report.pdf. (Visited on 26.09.23).

[44] https://www.hindustantimes.com/editorials/the-new-surrogacy-bill-will-stop-exploitation-of

women-and-make-way-for-ethical-practices/story-zefLgh17lJpfjg8T8zv1QM.html

[45] Surrogacy (Regulation) Bill, 2019, Section 36

[46] Assisted Reproductive Technology Regulation Bill proposes national registry of clinics

[47] Esha Roy, “Surrogacy regulation Bill and ART Bill passed by Rajya Sabha”, Indian Express, 9 December,

2020 ,Available at :https://indianexpress.com/article/india/surrogacy-regulation-bill-art-bill-passed-by-rajya

sabha-7663054/

^{^[1]} M. Gangadevi, Restitution of Conjugal Rights: Constitutional Perspective, 45 J. INDIAN L. INST. 453, 453 (2003).

^{^[2]} Sanchita Sanand & Devesh Pandey, Restitution of Conjugal Rights: An Analysis, 4 INDIAN J.L. & LEGAL RSCH. 2 (2022-2023).

^{^[3]} Md. Khurshid Alam, Legal Aspects of Restitution of Conjugal Rights, IX(1) DHAKA U. STUD. PART-F 115, 115 (June 1998).

^{^[4]} Dadaji Bhikaji vs. Rukhmabai (1885) MANU/MH/0047/1885

^{^[6]} Saumya Uma, Wedlock or Wed-Lockup? A Case for Abolishing Restitution of Conjugal Rights in India, 00 INT'L J. L. POL'Y & FAM. 1, 8 (2021).

[8] See Hindu Marriage Act, 1955,§9; Special Marriage Act, 1954, § 22; Parsi Marriage and Divorce Act, 1936,§ 36; Christian Divorce Act, 1869, § 32 & 33

^{^[11]} Raj Kumari Agarwala, Restitution of Conjugal Rights Under Hindu Law: A Plea for the Abolition of the Remedy, 12 J. INDIAN L. INST. 257, 259 (1970).

^{^[14]} See generally, Smt. Venkatamma v. Venkataswamy (1962) AIR 1963 MYSORE 118, Trade Links Ltd. and Ors. vs. Mount Shivalik Breweries Ltd. and Ors (1998) MANU/CL/0003/1999, Tarab Nath Dhar v. Sneharani Dharr', AIR 1949 Cal 87, Gurcharansingh v. Smt. Waryam Kuar AIR 1960 P&H 422, Kamala Bai v. Rathnavelu AIR 1965 MADRAS 88, Jinarthanammal v. P.Srinivasa, A.I.R. 1964 Mad. 48, Varalakshmi v. Viramulu, AIR 1956 Hyd. 75, Teja Singh Subedar Santa Singh Vs. Sarjit Kaur (1961) MANU/PH/0129/1962: AIR 1962 Punj 195

^{^[15]} Parliamentary Debates on Special Marriage Bill, 10th December, 1954,

^{^[16]} Shakila Banu v. Gulam Mustafa (1971) AIR 1971 Bom 166

^{^[18]} State of Bombay v. Narasu Appa Mali AIR 1952 BOMBAY 84

^{^[19]} T. Sareetha v. T. Venkatasubbaiah AIR1983AP356

^{^[20]} Harvinder Kaur vs Harmander Singh Choudhry AIR1984DELHI66

^{^[23]} Ojaswa Pathak and Anr. vs. Union of India, WP (C) 250/2019

^{^[26]} Gobind v. State of Madhya Pradesh (1974) AIR 1975 SC 1378

^{^[27]} K.S. Puttaswamy (Retd.) & Anr. v. Union of India & Ors 2019 (1) SCC 1

^{^[28]} Joseph shine vs Union of India 2019 (3) SCC 39

^{^[29]} The Leaflet, A Rights-Based Jurisprudence Demands Abolition of Legal Provision for Restitution of Conjugal Rights, THE LEAFLET (July 3, 2023, 10:30 AM), https://theleaflet.in/a-rights-based-jurisprudence-demands-abolition-of-legal-provision-for-restitution-of-conjugal-rights/.

[1] rape, n.³ meanings, etymology and more | Oxford English Dictionary, https://www.oed.com/dictionary/rape_n3 (last visited Mar 18, 2025).

[2] Jed Rubenfeld, The Riddle of Rape-by-Deception and the Myth of Sexual Autonomy, 122 THE YALE LAw JOURNAL1372, 1376 (2013).

[3] Uday v. State of Karnataka, (2003) 4 SCC 46; Deepak Gulati v. State of Haryana, (2013) 7 SCC 675.

[6] Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, No. 45 of 2023, § 69.

[7] Amisha Sharma, “CONSENT” IN FALSE PROMISE TO MARRY: DECEPTIVE SEX AND THE LEGAL KNOT (2023).

[8] State of Colorado v. Clark (Sean O'Neill), No. 1994 CR003290 (Colo Dist Ct, February 16, 1996); State of Washington v. Wheatley, No. 97-1-50056-6 (Wash Superior Ct, May 13, 1997); State of Israel v. Alkobi, (2003) ISR DC 3341(3); Gross v. State of Israel (2012), CrimC 2372/07; Julian Assange v. Swedish Prosecution Authority, 2011 EWHC 2849 (Admin); R. v. Cuerrier, (1998) 2 SCR 371: 162 DLR 4th 513 (1998).

[9] Amit Pundik, Coercion and Deception in Sexual Relations, Vol. 28(1), CANADIAN JOURNAL OF LAW & JURISPRUDENCE, 98 (2015).

[11] Jonathan Herring, Mistaken Sex, CRIMINAL LAW REVIEW, 8 (2005); Matthew Gibson, Deceptive Sexual Relations: A Theory of Criminal Liability, Vol. 40(1), OXFORD JOURNAL OF LEGAL STUDIES, 94 (2020).

[13] Supra note 7, Boro v. Superior Court, 210 Cal Rptr 122 (Cal Ct App 1985) 125

[15] Susan Estrich, REAL RAPE, 103 (Harvard University Press, 1987).

[16] Stuart P. Green, CRIMINALIZING SEX: A UNIFIED LIBERAL THEORY, 110-115 (Oxford University Press, 2020)

[17] R.A. Williams, Deception, Mistake and Vitiation of the Victim's Consent, Vol. 124, L. Q. REV., 158 (2008)

[18] Tom Dougherty, Sex, Lies, and Consent, Vol. 123(4), ETHICS, 719 (2013).

[20] Berit Brogaard, Sex by Deception in THE OXFORD HANDBOOK OF MORAL PSYCHOLOGY, 694 (Manuel Vargas & John M. Doris, 2022).

[22] MarkDsouza, FalseBeliefs and Consentto Sex, Vol. 85(5), THE MODERN LAW REVIEW, 1191 (2022).

[25] State of U.P. v. Chhotey Lal, (2011) 2 SCC 550.

[26] Judith Butler, Sexual Consent: Some Thoughts on Psychoanalysis and Law, Vol. 21(2), COLUMBIA JOURNAL OF GENDER AND LAW, 19 (2011).

[27] Latika Vashist, Law, Violence, and Sexual Consent in RETHINKING LAW AND VIOLENCE, 283 (Latika Vashist & Jyoti Dogra Sood, 2020).

[28] Emily C.R. Tilton & Jonathan Jenkins Ichikawa, Not What I Agreed to: Content and Consent, Vol. 132(1), ETHICS, 127 (2021).

[29] Saumya Kalia, How Are ‘False Promise to Marry’ Cases Treated in the New Criminal Law Bill? | Explained, The Hindu, Sep. 7, 2023, https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/how-are-false-promise-to-marry-cases-treated-in-the-new-criminal-law-bill-explained/article67213081.ece (last visited Mar 19, 2025).

[30] Uday v. State of Karnataka, (2003) 4 SCC 46.

[32] Deepak Gulati v. State of Haryana, (2013) 7 SCC 675, 121.

[33] Abhoy Pradhan v. State of West Bengal, 1999 SCC OnLine Cal 99, 116.

[34] Titun Kumar Banik v. State of Tripura, 2014 SCC OnLine Tri 647, 17.

[35] Dhruvaram Murlidhar Sonar v. State of Maharashtra, 2018 SCC OnLine SC 3100.

[36] Safdar Abbas Zaidi v. State of Telangana 2018 SCC OnLine Hid 179,

[38] Mahesh Balkrishna Dandane v. State of Maharashtra, 2014 SCC OnLineBom 348.

[40] Tejas Udaykumar Sarvaiya v. State of Maharashtra, 2016 SCC OnLineBom 6347.

[41] Tilak Raj v. State of Himachal Pradesh, (2016) 4 SCC 140.

[43] Kunal Mandaliya v. State of Maharashtra, 2016 SCC OnLineBom 10600.

[44] Yedla Srinivasa Rao v. State of Andhra Pradesh, (2006) 11 SCC 61.

[45] P. Govindan v. State, 2008 SCC OnLine Mad 470.

[46] Shyamapada Tewari v. State of West Bengal, 2009 (1) CCLR (Cal) 266,

[47] S. Albert v. State, 2009 SCC OnLine Mad 382.

[49] Jayanti Rani Panda v. State of West Bengal, 1984 Cri LJ 1535.

[50] Jennifer Temkin, Towards a Modern Law of Rape, 45 THE MODERN LAW REVIEW 399, 403 (1982).

[51] Patricia J. Falk, Not Logic, but Experience: Drawing on Lessons from the Real World in Thinking about the Riddle of Rape-by-Fraud, 123 THE YALE LAW JOURNAL 353, 361 (2013).

[52] Deelip Singh v. State of Bihar, (2005) 1 SCC 88; Joel Feinberg, Victims' Excuses: The Case of Fraudulently Procured Consent, 96(2) ETHICS 330, 337 (1986).

[55] Patricia J. Falk, Rape by Fraud and Rape by Coercion, 64 BROOK. L. REV. 39, 146 (1998); Victor Tadros, Rape without Consent, 26 0xford Journal of Legal Studies 515, 538 (2006).

[57] Shafin Jahan v. Asokan K.M., (2018) 16 SCC 368; Shakti Vahini v. Union of India, (2018) 7 SCC 192.

[58] Joel Feinberg, Victims' Excuses: The Case of Fraudulently Procured Consent, 96(2) ETHICS 330, 337 (1986).

[59] Surya Bala & Rahul Saha, Make No Promises and Tell Me No Lies: A Critique of Deelip Singh v. State of Bihar AIR 2005 SC 203, 1 NUJS L. REv. 149 (2008).

[60] Cf Ben A. McJunkin, Deconstructing Rape by Fraud, 28 COLUM. J. GENDER & L. 1, 19 (2014)

[61] Stephen J. Schullhofer, Taking Sexual Autonomy Seriously: Rape Law and Beyond, 11 LAW AND PHILOSOPHY 35, (1992).

[63] Neetika Vishwanath, Controlling Women's Sexual Autonomy, The Hindu, August 31, 2023.

[64] Supra note 2; People v. De Leon, 16 N.E. 46, 109 N.Y. 226, 230 (N.Y. 1888).

[66] NLRB v. Dadourian Export Corp., 138 F.2d 891, 892 (2d Cir. 1943) (L. Hand, J.)

[68] House Bill No. 1494, House Docket No. 631, 186th Gen. Ct. Comm. of Massachusetts, filed January 9, 2009

[69] Rape by Fraud or Impersonation, 91 A.L.R.2d 591 § 2 (2009)

[71] Suliveres v. Comm., 449 Mass. 112, 112, 865 N.E.2d 1086, 1087 (2007).

[72] “Seduction was not a crime at common law, but is quite generally made so by statutes in the United States. The essence of the crime consist[s] primarily in an inducement to sexual intercourse under promise of marriage.” 1 CHESTER G. VERNIER, AMERICAN FAMILY LAWS 288 (1931).

[75] Sexual Offences Act, 2003, c. 42, § 1(1) (Eng.); Sexual Offences Act, 2009, asp 9, § 1 (Scot.); MONT. CODE ANNO.§ 45-5-503; UTAH CRIM. CODE§ 76-5-402(1).

[78] Frug, Mary Joe. “A Postmodern Feminist Legal Manifesto (An Unfinished Draft).” Harvard Law Review 105, no. 5 (1992): 1045–75.

[79] Garg, A. (2018). Consent, Conjugality and Crime: Hegemonic Constructions of Rape Laws in India. Social & Legal Studies, 28(6), 737-754.

[80] Make Women’s Voices Central to False Promise to Marry Cases | NewsClick, https://www.newsclick.in/make-women-voices-central-alse-promise-marry-cases.

[81] Surbhi Karwa, Criminal Law Bills: The Section on “False Promise to Marry” Aids Victim Blaming, TheQuint (2023), https://www.thequint.com/opinion/new-criminal-law-bills-ipc-crpc-evidence-act-false-promise-of-marriage-section-analysis.

[82] Neetika Vishwanath, Controlling Women’s Sexual Autonomy, The Hindu, Aug. 30, 2023, https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/controlling-womens-sexual-autonomy/article67251409.ece.

[83] Opinion: Will Proposed Criminal Laws Curb Marriages Through Deceit?, www.ndtv.com, https://www.ndtv.com/opinion/will-proposed-criminal-laws-curb-marriages-through-deceit-4600106.

[84] Sonkar, S. (2022) ‘Policing Interfaith Marriages: Constitutional Infidelity of the Love Jihad Ordinance’, Journal of Law and Religion, 37(3), pp. 432–445.

[1] General Data Protection Regulation GDPR, 2016, art. 17.

[2] Hillary C. Webb, People Don’t Forget: The necessity of legislative guidance in implementing a U.S. Right to be forgotten, 85 GEO, WASH. L. REV. 1304, (2017).

[3] Council Derivative 95/46/EC, art. 12 (b), 1995 O.J (L 281) 31.

[6] Google Spain v. Agencia Espafiola de proteccion de Datos (AEPD), 2014 E.C.R. 317.

[7] Council Directive 95/46/EC, 1995 O.J. (L 281) 31.

[9]Klint Finley, “In Europe vou will need a VPN to see real search results”, Wired (8" March 2016), available at https://www.wired.com/2016/03/europe-youll-need-vpn-see-real-googlescarch-results, (last accessed 2" October 2019)

[10] Council Regulation 2016/279, 2016 O.J. (L119) 1 (EU).

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[18] Dharamraj Bhanushankar Dave v. State of Gujarat & Ors 2015 SCC OnLine Guj 2019; Vasunathan v. Registrar General, (2017) SCC OnLine Kar 424.; Zulfiqar Ahman Khan v. Quintillion Business Media Pvt. Ltd. & Ors. AIR 2019 Del. 132

[21]Personal Data Protection Bill - A right to be Forgotten, giving government the power to censor, available at: https://www.bloombergquint.com/opinion/personal-data-protection-bill-a-right-to-be-forgotten-giving-government-the-power-to-censor.

[25] In re Delhi Laws Act, 1912, AIR 1951 SC 332.

[26] § 18(1), Personal Data Protection Bill, 2018.

[27] § 18(1)(d), Personal Data Protection Bill, 2018.

[28] § 18(1)(d), Personal Data Protection Bill, 2018.

[29] § 18(1)(a), Personal Data Protection Bill, 2018.

[30] Ram Jethmalani v. Union of India, (2011) 8 SCC 1.

[31] Shreya Singhal v. Union of India, AIR 2015 SC 1523.

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[1] Nishtha Jain, ‘Gender Inequality in Hindu and Muslim Personal Laws in India’, (2018), Volume 1, Issue 3, International Journal of Law Management & Humanities, 1.

[3] Mohd. Ahmed Khan v. Shah Bano Begum & Ors. (1985) AIR 945

[4] Shayara Bano v. Union of India & Ors. (2017) 9 SCC 1

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[21] Goolrokh M. Gupta v. Burjor Pardiwala & Ors. SLP(C) 18889/2012

[22] Shayara Bano v. Union of India & Ors. (2017) 9 SCC 1

[23] Githa Hariharan vs. Reserve Bank of India, 2001 7 SCC 740.

[24] Madhushala, Need for Uniform Civil Code in India: A human rights perspective, http://centreright.in/2011/10/need-for-uniform-civil-code-in-india-a-human-rights-perspective accessed 21 September 2024

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23 New York University Journal of International Law and Politics 795.

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