INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS

SPORTS LAW AND TRANSGENDER RIGHTS IN INDIA: A COMPREHENSIVE LEGAL EXAMINATION BY: MERLIN JOHN

Authors: MERLIN JOHN

Registration ID: 109463 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA9463

Year: Mar-2025 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN: 2582-6433 | Country: Delhi, India

Page No: 19 | No of times Downloads: 0065

DOI Link: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/03.2025-24448437/SPORTS LAW AND TRANSGENDER RIGHTS IN INDIA: A COMP

CORPORATE TAX AVOIDANCE IN INDIA: NAVIGATING THE GREY AREAS BETWEEN LEGITIMATE TAX PLANNING AND AVOIDANCE AUTHORED BY - SANYAM M SURANA

Authors: SANYAM M SURANA
Registration ID: 109462 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA9462
Year: Mar-2025 | Volume: II | Issue: 7
Approved ISSN: 2582-6433 | Country: Delhi, India
Page No: 18 | No of times Downloads: 0065
DOI Link: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/03.2025-65451639/CORPORATE TAX AVOIDANCE IN INDIA: NAVIGATING THE G

WADA AND THE GLOBAL FIGHT AGAINST DOPING IN SPORT: CHALLENGES, FAILURES, AND SUCCESSES BY - ANEESH S GOWDA

Authors: ANEESH S GOWDA
Registration ID: 109461 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA9461
Year: Mar-2025 | Volume: II | Issue: 7
Approved ISSN: 2582-6433 | Country: Delhi, India
Email Id: aneesh.gowda@law.christuniversity.in
Page No: 21 | No of times Downloads: 0065
DOI Link: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/03.2025-72111254/WADA AND THE GLOBAL FIGHT AGAINST DOPING IN SPORT:

THE CRIMINAL PROCEDURE (IDENTIFICATION) ACT, 2022: AN ANALYSIS BY - DR.BINISH BANSAL

Authors: DR.BINISH BANSAL
Registration ID: 109460 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA9460
Year: Mar-2025 | Volume: II | Issue: 7
Approved ISSN: 2582-6433 | Country: Delhi, India
Email Id: bansalbinish@yahoo.com
Page No: 08 | No of times Downloads: 0065
DOI Link: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/03.2025-69226699/THE CRIMINAL PROCEDURE (IDENTIFICATION) ACT, 2022:

CONSTITUTIONAL GOVERNANCE OF ARTIFICIAL REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN INDIA: ADDRESSING RIGHTS OF UNBORN, SURROGATES, AND GENETIC PARENTS BY - MS. BHAVANA DHOUNDIYAL, YEDIK PUROHIT & KHANAK JAIN

Authors: MS. BHAVANA DHOUNDIYAL, YEDIK PUROHIT & KHANAK JAIN
Registration ID: 109455 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA9457, IJLRA9458 & IJLRA9459
Year: Mar-2025 | Volume: II | Issue: 7
Approved ISSN: 2582-6433 | Country: Delhi, India
Email Id: bhavana.dhoundiyal@iilm.edu, yedik.purohit.gnballb28@iilm.edu & khanak.jain.gnballb28@iilm.edu
Page No: 34 | No of times Downloads: 0065
DOI Link: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/03.2025-67259167/CONSTITUTIONAL GOVERNANCE OF ARTIFICIAL REPRODUCTI

CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE WAQF ACT, 1995: CHALLENGES, AMENDMENTS, AND REFORMS FOR EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF WAQF PROPERTIES IN INDIA BY - VINAYAK AGARWAL

Authors: VINAYAK AGARWAL
Registration ID: 109456 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA9456
Year: Mar-2025 | Volume: II | Issue: 7
Approved ISSN: 2582-6433 | Country: Delhi, India
Email Id: agarwalvinayak58@gmail.com
Page No: 25 | No of times Downloads: 0065
DOI Link: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/03.2025-62241271/CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE WAQF ACT, 1995: CHALLENGE

ADVANCING TRANSFORMATIVE CONSTITUTIONALISM IN INDIA BY - A.BALAGURU

Authors: A.BALAGURU
Registration ID: 109455 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA9455
Year: Mar-2025 | Volume: II | Issue: 7
Approved ISSN: 2582-6433 | Country: Delhi, India
Email Id: advbalaguru@gmail.com
Page No: 21 | No of times Downloads: 0065
DOI Link: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/03.2025-56319982/ADVANCING TRANSFORMATIVE CONSTITUTIONALISM IN INDI

A SOCIO-LEGAL PERSPECTIVE ON SURROGACY LAWS IN INDIA BY - AKHIL SAJEEV & M. ASHWIN

Authors: AKHIL SAJEEV & M. ASHWIN
Registration ID: 109453 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA9453 & IJLRA954
Year: Mar-2025 | Volume: II | Issue: 7
Approved ISSN: 2582-6433 | Country: Delhi, India
Email Id: akhil.t.sajeev@gmail.com
Page No: 25 | No of times Downloads: 0065
DOI Link: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/03.2025-77198482/A SOCIO-LEGAL PERSPECTIVE ON SURROGACY LAWS IN IND

FROM CLIMATE DISRUPTION TO FOOD INSECURITY: EXPLORING THE IMPACTS ON AGRICULTURE AND MALNUTRITION BY - ARCHANA KUSURU & ULISI KEERTHI

Authors: ARCHANA KUSURU & ULISI KEERTHI
Registration ID: 109451 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA9451 & IJLRA9452
Year: Mar-2025 | Volume: II | Issue: 7
Approved ISSN: 2582-6433 | Country: Delhi, India
Email Id: archanakusuru@gmail.com & ulisikeerthi1302@gmail.com
Page No: 24 | No of times Downloads: 0065
DOI Link: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/03.2025-56975811/FROM CLIMATE DISRUPTION TO FOOD INSECURITY: EXPLOR

THE INFLUENCE OF ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES ON CRIMINAL BEHAVIOUR. BY - HIYA VADGAMA

Authors: HIYA VADGAMA
Registration ID: 109450 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA9450
Year: Mar-2025 | Volume: II | Issue: 7
Approved ISSN: 2582-6433 | Country: Delhi, India
Email Id: hsv0094@gmail.com
Page No: 11 | No of times Downloads: 0065
DOI Link: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/03.2025-44714987/THE INFLUENCE OF ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES ON

International journal for legal research and analysis

Abbreviation:IJLRA

ISSN:2582-6433

Website:https://www.ijlra.com/

Accessibility:Open Access

License:Creative Commons 4.0

Submit Manuscript:Click here

Licensing:

All research articles published INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS are fully open access. i.e. immediately freely available to read, download and share. Articles are published under the terms of a Creative Commons license which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Disclaimer:

The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors. They do not purport to reflect the opinions or views of the INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS or its members. The designations employed in this publication and the presentation of material therein do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS

^{^[1]} The Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act, No. 40 of 2019, Acts of Parliament, 2019 (India).

^{^[2]} Nat’l Legal Servs. Auth. v. Union of India, (2014) 5 S.C.C. 438 (India).

^{^[3]} Ministry of Youth Affairs & Sports, National Sports Development Code of India, 2011 (2011), https://yas.gov.in.

^{^[4]} Canadian Ctr. for Ethics in Sport, Creating Inclusive Environments for Trans Participants in Canadian Sport (2016), https://cces.ca.

^{^[5]} Sports Council Equal. Grp., Guidance for Transgender Inclusion in Domestic Sport (2021), https://equalityinsport.org.

^{^[6]} Int’l Olympic Comm., Framework on Fairness, Inclusion and Non-Discrimination Based on Gender Identity and Sex Variations (2021), https://olympics.com/ioc.

^{^[7]} World Athletics, Eligibility Regulations for Female Classification (2021), https://worldathletics.org.

^{^[8]} Dutee Chand v. Athletics Fed’n of India, CAS 2014/A/3759 (Ct. Arb. Sport 2015).

[1] Vodafone International Holdings B.V. v. Union of India & Anr., (2012) 6 SCC 613.

[2] McDowell & Co. v. Commercial Tax Officer, (1985) 3 SCC 230.

[3] Union of India v. Azadi Bachao Andolan, (2004) 10 SCC 1.

[6] CIT v. Walfort Share and Stock Brokers P. Ltd., (2010) 326 ITR 1 (SC).

[7] Income Tax Act, 1961, §§ 95-102, as amended by Finance Act, 2013.

[13] CBDT Circular No. 7 of 2017, dated January 27, 2017.

[15] Finance Act, 2012, § 4, read with Explanation 5 to § 9(1)(i) of the Income Tax Act, 1961.

[16] Vodafone International Holdings B.V. v. Union of India, (2014) 368 ITR 1 (Bom).

[17] Nokia India Pvt. Ltd. v. Dy. CIT, (2013) 358 ITR 259 (Del).

[18] CIT v. Vatika Township Pvt. Ltd., (2015) 1 SCC 1.

[19] Vodafone International Holdings B.V. v. Republic of India, PCA Case No. 2016-35, Award (September 25, 2020).

[20] Taxation Laws (Amendment) Act, 2021, No. 34 of 2021.

[21] Union of India v. Azadi Bachao Andolan, (2004) 10 SCC 1.

[22] Aditya Birla Nuvo Ltd. v. Dy. DIT, (2011) 342 ITR 308 (AAR).

[23] Protocol amending the Convention between the Government of the Republic of India and the Government of Mauritius to avoid double taxation and prevent fiscal evasion concerning taxes on income and capital gains, signed on May 10, 2016.

[24] Serco BPO Private Limited v. AAR, (2015) 379 ITR 256 (Del).

[25] Bid Services Division (Mauritius) Ltd., In re, (2020) 424 ITR 1 (AAR).

[26] AB Holdings, Mauritius-II, In re, (2018) 407 ITR 1 (AAR).

[27] Income Tax Act, 1961, §§ 92-92F, as inserted by Finance Act, 2001.

[28] Income Tax Act, 1961, §§ 92CC and 92CD, as inserted by Finance Act, 2012.

[29] Income Tax Act, 1961, § 92BA, as inserted by Finance Act, 2012.

[30] Income Tax Act, 1961, § 286, as inserted by Finance Act, 2016.

[31] Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications India Pvt. Ltd. v. CIT, (2015) 374 ITR 118 (Del).

[32] Bausch & Lomb Eyecare (India) Pvt. Ltd. v. Addl. CIT, (2016) 381 ITR 227 (Del).

[33] CIT v. L'Oreal India Pvt. Ltd., (2016) 383 ITR 112 (Bom).

[35] Central Board of Direct Taxes, Annual Report on Advance Pricing Agreement Program, 2020-21.

[36] Convergys Customer Management Group Inc. v. ADIT, (2013) 212 Taxman 216 (Del).

[37] Finance Act, 2016, Chapter VIII (§§ 163-180).

[39] Google India Pvt. Ltd. v. Union of India, W.P. No. 53663 of 2018 (Kar HC).

[40] Income Tax Act, 1961, Explanation 2A to § 9(1)(i), as inserted by Finance Act, 2018.

[42] Mastercard Asia Pacific Pte. Ltd. v. ADIT, (2018) 406 ITR 43 (AAR).

[43] Google India Pvt. Ltd. v. ACIT, ITA No. 1190/Bang/2014 (ITAT Bangalore).

[v] Peeyush Das, Janbalaz v. anand municipality, (The legal lama blog), 11^th august, 2021), https://thelegallamablog.wixsite.com/website/post/jan-balaz-v-anand-municipality, accessed on 15^th November, 2024

[1] Ahmad, I. (2011). Waqf Law in India: Theory and Practice. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.

[2] Khan, A. (2015). "Challenges in Waqf Management in India." Journal of Islamic Law, 12(2), 45-58.

[3] Hasan, F. (2021). Political Influence in Waqf Board Operations. Indian Journal of Minority Studies, 9(4), 34–48.

[1] Biehl, Janet and Albie Sachs, Transformative Constitutionalism, 87 Tul. L. Rev. 969 (2012).

[2] Madhav Khosla, “The Indian Constitution”, Oxford University Press (2012)

[3] S.P.Sathe, “ Judicial Activism in India: Transgressing Borders and Enforcing Limits”, Oxford University Press (2002)

^{^[4]} Videh Upadhyay, “Public Interest Litigation in India: Concepts, Cases and Concerns” (Lexis Nexis, 2007).

^{^[5]} Upendra Baxi, “The Indian Supreme Court and Politics” (Eastern Book Company, 2000)

^{^[6]} Vishaka and Ors. v. State of Rajasthan and Ors., AIR 1997 SC 3011

^{^[7]} Olga Tellis and ors v. Bombay Municipal Corporation and ors., 1985 SCC (3) 545

^{^[8]} Hans Dembowski, “Taking the State to Court Public Interest Litigation and the Public Sphere in Metropolitan India” (New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2001)

[9] Granville Austin, “The Indian Constitution: Cornerstone of a Nation”, Oxford University Press, Oxford (1996)

[10] Keshavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala, AIR 1973 SC1461

[11] Vishaka v. State of Rajasthan, AIR 1997 SC 3011

[12] Indra Sawhney v. Union of India, AIR 1993 SC 477

[13] Navtej Singh Johar v. Union of India 2008 3 SCC 1

^{^[14]} Navtej Johar, “The LGBTQ+ Activists Behind India's Historic Ruling”, BBC News, September 7, 2018.

[15] Puttaswamy v. Union of India 2019 (1) SCC 1

^{^[16]} Olga Tellis v. Bombay Municipal Corporation, AIR 1986 SC 180, (1985) 3 SCC 545.

^{^[17]} Unnikrishnan v. State of Andhra Pradesh, AIR 1993 SC 2178, (1993) 1 SCC 645.

^{^[18]} Bandhua Mukti Morcha v. Union of India, AIR 1984 SC 802, (1984) 3 SCC 161.

^{^[19]} Indra Sawhney v. Union of India, AIR 1993 SC 477, (1992) Supp 3 SCC 217.

^{^[20]} Indira Nehru Gandhi v. Raj Narain, (1975) Supp SCC 1.

^{^[21]} Minerva Mills Ltd. v. Union of India, (1980) 3 SCC 625.

^{^[22]} Association for Democratic Reforms v. Union of India, (2002) 5 SCC 294.

^{^[23]} S.R. Bommai v. Union of India, (1994) 3 SCC 1.

^{^[24]} Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala, (1973) 4 SCC 225.

[25] Joseph Shine v. Union of India AIR (2018) 2 SCC 189

[26] Indian Young Lawyers Association and Ors. v. The State of Kerala., (2019) 11 SCC 1.

^{^[27]} Shayara Bano v. Union Of India (2017) 9 SCC 1.

^{^[28]} Anuradha Bhasin v. Union of India AIR 2020 SC 1308.

^{^[29]} N. Gupta, Socio-Economic Realities and Transformative Constitutionalism, 35, 102-120 no. 6 Economic and Political Weekly (2021).

^{^[30]} Baxi, Upendra, The Future of Human Rights 112-130 (Oxford University Press, 2006).

^{^[31]} Thorat, Sukhadeo, Untouchability in Rural India 45-62 (Sage Publications, 2018).

[1] Article 16 (1) of Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948.

[2] Imrana Qadeer, “Social and Ethical Basis of Legislation on Surrogacy: Need for Debate” Available at:

http://www.issuesinmedicalethics.org/171co28 (visited on 19.09.2023).

[3] https://blog.ipleaders.in/is-surrogacy-legal-in-india/

[4] R.S. Sharma, Social, ethical, medical & legal aspects of surrogacy: an Indian scenario, 140 IJMR 13, (2014),

Social, ethical, medical & legal aspects of surrogacy: an Indian scenario - PMC (nih.gov).

[5] Surrogacy, Black’s Law Dictionary, (9th edition,2009).

[6] https://www.creativefamilyconnections.com/blog/history-of-surrogacy/

[7] United Nations, Sexual and reproductive health and rights, Available at https://www.ohchr.org/en/women/sexual-and-reproductive-health-and-rights

[8] United Nations, Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Available at, https://www.un.org/en/aboutus/universal-declaration-of-human-rights

[9] Surrogacy (Regulation) Bill, 2020: The Way Forward, ipleaders, available at

https://blog.ipleaders.in/surrogacy-regulation-bill-2020-way-forward/

[10] History of Surrogacy, SURROGATE.COM, available at https://surrogate.com/aboutsurrogacy/surrogacy-101/history-of-surrogacy/

[11] https://www.deslaw.edu.in/pdf/Socio-legal_impact_of_surrogacy_in_India.pdf

[12] S. 4(b), The Surrogacy (Regulation) Act, 2021.

[13] S. 4(a), The Surrogacy (Regulation) Act, 2021.

[14] 228th Law Commission of India Report, Need For Legislation To Regulate Assisted Reproductive Technology Clinics As Well As Rights And Obligations Of Parties To A Surrogacy, 22 (2009), Available athttps://cdnbbsr.s3waas.gov.in/s3ca0daec69b5adc880fb464895726dbdf/uploads/2022/08/2022

081094-1.pdf ,

[15] https://www.drishtiias.com/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/surrogacy-law#:

[16] https://www.khuranaandkhurana.com/2023/06/16/legality-of-surrogacy-in-india-everything-you-need-to-know.

[17] https://www.defactolaw.in/post/surrogacy-in-india-law-and-issues.

[19] https://www.drishtiias.com/printpdf/surrogacy-4

[21] https://www.ijfmr.com/papers/2022/6/1139.pdf

[22] https://www.pagepressjournals.org/hls/article/view/hls.2015.5465/5394 - :~:text=Surrogacy%20can%20lead%20to%20the,children's%20psychological%20adjustment%20is%20undetermined.

[25] surrogate.com/surrogates/pregnan

cy-and-health/emotional-and-medical-risks-of-surrogacy/#:

[27] https://www.ivfconceptions.com/latest-surrogacy-law-in india/#:~:text=The%20surrogacy%20law%20in%20India,medical%20expenses%20and%20insurance%20coverage.

[28] https://www.ijfmr.com/papers/2022/6/1139.pdf

[30] https://www.birmingham.ac.uk/news-archive/2018/the-ethics-of-surrogacy-1#:~:text=Surrogacy%20is%20often%20thought%20to,%2C%20payment%2C%20exploitation%20and%20inequality.

[32] https://surrogate.com/surrogates/pregnancy-and-health/emotional-and-medical-risks-of-surrogacy/#:

[34] https://www.ijfmr.com/papers/2022/6/1139.pdf

[35] http://www.legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/surrogate+motherhood

[36] Black’s Law Dictionary, Eighth Edition, 1036 (2004).

[37] Nandita Adhikari, “Surrogate Motherhood” Law and Medicine 167 (2012).

[38] http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/575390/surrogate-motherhood

[40] Kush Kalra, “Surrogacy Arrangements; Legal and Social Issues” Journal of Law Teachers India 125 (2010).

[42] J.P.S. Sirohi, Criminology and Penology 679 (2011)

[43] Surrogate Motherhood -Ethical or Commercial, Dr. Ranjana Kumari, Director Centre for Social Research

Available at https://wcd.nic.in/sites/default/files/final%20report.pdf. (Visited on 26.09.23).

[44] https://www.hindustantimes.com/editorials/the-new-surrogacy-bill-will-stop-exploitation-of

women-and-make-way-for-ethical-practices/story-zefLgh17lJpfjg8T8zv1QM.html

[45] Surrogacy (Regulation) Bill, 2019, Section 36

[46] Assisted Reproductive Technology Regulation Bill proposes national registry of clinics

[47] Esha Roy, “Surrogacy regulation Bill and ART Bill passed by Rajya Sabha”, Indian Express, 9 December,

2020 ,Available at :https://indianexpress.com/article/india/surrogacy-regulation-bill-art-bill-passed-by-rajya

sabha-7663054/

IJLRA	N. Raj Kumar ; Kamble Shivadayal . "Design of Fault Tolerance Parallel FFT’s Using Xilinx 14.5v" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals Volume 5 Issue 8 2022 Page 1-6
IEEE	N. Raj Kumar ; Kamble Shivadayal . "Design of Fault Tolerance Parallel FFT’s Using Xilinx 14.5v" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, 5(8)

SPORTS LAW AND TRANSGENDER RIGHTS IN INDIA: A COMPREHENSIVE LEGAL EXAMINATION BY: MERLIN JOHN

CORPORATE TAX AVOIDANCE IN INDIA: NAVIGATING THE GREY AREAS BETWEEN LEGITIMATE TAX PLANNING AND AVOIDANCE AUTHORED BY - SANYAM M SURANA

WADA AND THE GLOBAL FIGHT AGAINST DOPING IN SPORT: CHALLENGES, FAILURES, AND SUCCESSES BY - ANEESH S GOWDA

THE CRIMINAL PROCEDURE (IDENTIFICATION) ACT, 2022: AN ANALYSIS BY - DR.BINISH BANSAL

CONSTITUTIONAL GOVERNANCE OF ARTIFICIAL REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN INDIA: ADDRESSING RIGHTS OF UNBORN, SURROGATES, AND GENETIC PARENTS BY - MS. BHAVANA DHOUNDIYAL, YEDIK PUROHIT & KHANAK JAIN

CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE WAQF ACT, 1995: CHALLENGES, AMENDMENTS, AND REFORMS FOR EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF WAQF PROPERTIES IN INDIA BY - VINAYAK AGARWAL

ADVANCING TRANSFORMATIVE CONSTITUTIONALISM IN INDIA BY - A.BALAGURU

A SOCIO-LEGAL PERSPECTIVE ON SURROGACY LAWS IN INDIA BY - AKHIL SAJEEV & M. ASHWIN

FROM CLIMATE DISRUPTION TO FOOD INSECURITY: EXPLORING THE IMPACTS ON AGRICULTURE AND MALNUTRITION BY - ARCHANA KUSURU & ULISI KEERTHI

THE INFLUENCE OF ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES ON CRIMINAL BEHAVIOUR. BY - HIYA VADGAMA

LAW JOURNAL

IMPORTANT LINKS

ETHICS & POLICY

Citation

Citation

Citation

Citation

Citation

Citation

Citation

Citation

Citation

Citation

Citation 2