[1] Student at CHRIST Deemed to be University, Central Campus, Bangalore, LLM Intellectual Property and Trade Law.
[2]Priya Adlakha, [The Viewpoint] The Doctrine of Exhaustion of IPRs in India, (Nov. 16, 2022), https://www.barandbench.com/law-firms/view-point/the-doctrine-of-exhaustion-of-iprs-in-india.
[3] Archi Jain, Parallel Imports In India: Laws, Doctrine Of Exhaustion, And Market Impact, India (June 12, 2024), https://www.mondaq.com/india/trademark/1477778/parallel-imports-in-india-laws-doctrine-of-exhaustion-and-market-impact.
[4] Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights art. 6, Apr. 15, 1994, Marrakesh
[6] WIPO secretariat, E Standing Committee on the Law of Patents, (2022), Available at: https://www.wipo.int/edocs/mdocs/mdocs/en/scp_34/scp_34_3.pdf (last visited Oct 11, 2024).
[8] K. Saggi, Regional Exhaustion of Intellectual Property, 10 Int'l J. Econ. Theory 125 (2014). Available at DOI : https://doi.org/10.1111/ijet.12031(last visited October 14, 2024)
[9] Priya Adlakha, [The Viewpoint] The Doctrine of Exhaustion of IPRs in India, (Nov. 16, 2022), https://www.barandbench.com/law-firms/view-point/the-doctrine-of-exhaustion-of-iprs-in-india
[10] John Wiley & Sons Inc. v Prabhat Chander Kumar Jain 2010 SCC OnLine Del 2000: ILR
(2010) 5 Del 510
[11] Aparajita Lath, Permanent Downloads and the Resale of Digital Content: Another
Exhausting Journey?, 16 INDIAN J. L. & TECH. 1 (2020).
[12] Tips Indus. Ltd. v. Wynk Ltd., AIR 2019 Bom 1452 (India).
* Assistant Professor, Shri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara Law College, Centre for Post Graduate Studies and Research in Law, Mangaluru (Affiliated To Kslu, Hubballi)
[1] Article 44 Uniform Civil Code for the Citizens - The State shall endeavour to secure for the citizens a uniform civil code throughout the territory of India.
[2] Constitutional Assembly Debates, Vol. VII, 23.11.1948, at p. 541
[5] P. Ishwara Bhat, Law and Social Transformation (Eastern Book Company, Lucknow 2020) at. p717
[6] John Vallamatton v. Union of India, (2003) AIR 2902 (India)
[7] Numan Khan, Is UCC the Unity we Aspire for in our Diversity?, JUDICIAL ACADEMY JHARKHAND (Feb 17, 2025, 11:27 AM) https://jajharkhand.in/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Is-UCC-the-Unity-we-aspire-for-in-our-Diversity.pdf
[8] The Hindu Marriage Act, 1955, No. 25, Acts of Parliament, 1955 (India)
[9] The Hindu Succession Act, 1956, No. 30, Acts of Parliament, 1956 (India)
[10] The Dissolution of Muslim Marriage Act, 1939, No. 8, Acts of Parliament, 1939 (India)
[11] Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Divorce) Act, 1986, No. 25, Acts of Parliament, 1986 (India)
[12] Press Information Bureau, Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Marriage) Act, 2019, GOVERNMENT OF INDIA, (Feb 17, 2025, 11.43AM) https://pib.gov.in/FactsheetDetails.aspx?Id=148565®=3&lang=1
[13] Saurav De, Navigating the Complexities of Implementing a Uniform Civil Code in India: A Historical and Comparative Analysis, 7 IJLMHS 1516, 1536 (2024)
[14] TOI News Desk, Uniform Civil Code implemented in Uttarakhand: Rules Released, Portal Launched, TOI, Jan 27 2025, https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/uniform-civil-code-implemented-in-uttarakhand/articleshow/117595906.cms
[15] The Uniform Civil Code Rules, Uttarakhand, 2025, No. 101, Govt of Uttarakhand, 2025 (India)
[16] Mohd. Ahmed Khan v. Shah Bano Begum (1985) 2 SCC 556 (India)
[17] Danial Latif v. Union of India (2001) 7 SCC 740 (India)
[18] John Vallamatton v. Union of India, (2003) AIR 2902 (India)
[19] Shayara Bano v. Union of India WP ( c ) 118//2016
[20] K Ariffa, Uniform Civil Code in India: Impact on its Implementation 1 JLLRD 30, 31 (2024)
[21] PMF IAS, Uniform Civil Code: Need, Challenges & Different Views on UCC, (Mar 10 2025, 4.34 AM) https://www.pmfias.com/uniform-civil-code/
Citation
Citation
[1]Canara Bank vs Deccan Chronicle Holdings Limited, 2017 SCC OnLine NCLAT 255
[2]Mr. Ajay Kumar Bishnoi vs M/s Tap Engineering and Other, 2020 SCC OnLine Mad 1474
[3]Indorama Synthetics (I) Limited Nagpur vs State of Maharashtra and Ors, 2016 (4) Mh.L.J. 249
[4] Shah Brothers Ispat Pvt Ltd vs P.Mohanraj & Ors, (2021) 6 SCC 258
[5] Ajay Kumar Radheyshyam Goenka v. Tourism Finance Corporation of India Ltd, (2023) 6 SCC 258
[6] Varrsana Ispat Limited Through the Resolution Professional Mr. Anil Goel vs. Deputy Director, Directorate of Enforcement, Company Appeal (AT) (Insolvency) No. 493 of 2018
[8]Ms. Anju Agarwal, Resolution Professional for Shree Bhawani Paper Mills Ltd vs Bombay Stock Exchange & Ors, Company Appeal (AT) (Insolvency) No. 734 of 2018
[2] Globally, discriminatory legislation against women remains a persistent challenge. Even where legal frameworks promoting gender equality exist, enforcement often falls short. According to UN Women’s Progress of the World’s Women 2011–2012: In Pursuit of Justice and the Report of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights on Effective Practices in Preventing Violence Against Women (A/HRC/17/23), gaps in legal implementation hinder progress. Additionally, the UN Working Group on discrimination against women highlights ongoing challenges in both legal provisions and their practical application. www.ohchr.org/EN/Issues/Women/WGWomen/Pages/WGWomenIndex.aspx
[3] Labeling a person who has faced sexual violence as either “victim” or “survivor” largely relies on the individual's own preference or self-identification. UN personnel ought to honor these decisions. The situation in which the term is applied may differ. For instance, the word “victim” is frequently employed to signify that an individual has endured a breach of international law or a criminal act. The term encompasses a wide range of individuals, including those who have directly undergone sexual violence and those who have been indirectly impacted (such as children resulting from CRSV). The word “survivor” is often associated with the healing journey of someone who has faced sexual violence, as it suggests empowerment and strength. There is no consensus across the United Nations on the use of one term over another. Both terms can be utilized at the same time and in place of each other.
[5] See also OHCHR, Fact Sheet No. 23: Harmful Traditional Practices Affecting the Health of Women and Children, and Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women, general recommendation No. 14 (1990) on female circumcision.
[7] Regional human rights agreements include mechanisms to monitor compliance by member states. These oversight bodies include the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights, the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, the Council of Europe, and the European Court of Human Rights.