FINAL THOUGHTS BY - ADV. AJAY SINGH RATHORE

FINAL THOUGHTS
AUTHORED BY - ADV. AJAY SINGH RATHORE[1]
 

INTRODUCTION:

India is a country full of social, political, and cultural diversity, with a history dating back thousands of years. The system and constitution of this country have given priority to social justice, inclusion, and democracy. But in today's time, when India is making its place on the world stage, some Question no. s arise that help us understand this social and political structure. In this article we will analyze such Question no. s that reflect important aspects of India's politics, society, and cultural heritage.
 

1.      Is there a need to increase the powers of the President of India in the present circumstances?

2.      What will be the effect if there are only three political parties in India? Will there be stability in India?

3.      Will allowing a person to become an MLA or MP only three times encourage new political energy and ideas?

4.      Should there be an intermediate evaluation of the state and central governments by a constitutional commission after two and a half years of formation of the government?

5.      Should India not maintain trade relations with enemy countries?

6.      Should all education and health services be free in India?

7.      Should India's social, political, cultural and religious outlook be subject to the current environment only under constitutional provisions or should it be under India's cultural heritage of thousands of years?

 
There are many such Question no. s which can affect the future of India, and it is necessary to reflect on them.
 
 

Question No. 1: Is there a need to increase the powers of His Excellency the President of India in the present circumstances?

This Question no. is probable and appropriate, and the time to discuss it is also right because in the present context the role and powers of the President in India are being discussed. India is a parliamentary democracy, in which the tenure of the President is mostly symbolic and his scope is bound by the Constitution and government limits. But in certain circumstances, giving some more powers to the President can be an option.
 
Some reasons that can be in favor of increasing the powers of the President:
1.      Contribution in initial policy decision: In today's time there are many important and sensitive issues (such as national security, international relations and economic policies) in which increasing the powers of the President can provide a powerful and balanced framework.
2.      Maintenance of discipline and good order: If the President plays a decisive role in certain activities and policy decisions, it can help in maintaining an atmosphere of political stability and respect in the country.
3.      Strong role in emergency situations: In today's time, national security and international problems are increasing rapidly. In such a situation, it may be even more important to provide some emergency powers to the President so that he can take quick decisions in such times and remain beyond political pressure.
4.      Coordination with state governments: At times, there is a lack of communication and cooperation between the state government and the central government in the country. Increasing the powers of the President can give him a more effective and mediatory role in this area.
 

Challenges and disadvantages:

However, it can also have the opposite effect:
1.      Concentrated power in democracy: Increasing the powers of the President can lead to powerful centralization, which is against the ideals of our Constitution. This process can also weaken democracy if the President's decisions are beyond political or public response.
2.      Threat of political interference: The President's greater power can also favor a single political party or ideology, which can affect India's coordination and democratic system.

Supported Media and Options:

While increasing the powers of the President, special care must be taken to keep the powers in sensitive and limited areas, such as emergency, national security and conflict between some states. With more power in the hands of the President, a new kind of balance and effective governance model can emerge which can be beneficial for the Indian democracy.
 
Thus, the decision to increase the powers of the President should be a matter of serious deliberation, taking into account constitutional, political and social aspects.
 

Question No. 2: What will be the impact if India has only three political parties? Will there be stability in India?

Having only three political parties in India is an important idea, which can have a profound impact. It has many positive and negative aspects. Let us discuss it.

 

Positive impacts:

1.      Political stability: The presence of three big and strong political parties can increase electoral stability. When there are more parties, coalitions often arise, which can cause political instability. Forming and maintaining a government can be more comfortable in a three-party system.
2.      Ease in policy making: If there are only a few major parties, there will be less time and conflict in policy making. More parties lead to different views and interests, which can create obstacles in policy making.
3.      Political competition and reform: Competition among only three major parties can have an effect of political reform, as they will have the motivation to maintain their momentum and democratic power.
4.      Reduction in vote bank politics: The presence of fewer parties is likely to reduce vote bank and communal politics. Big parties will try to reach out to every section of society and take everyone along.
 

Negative effects:

1.      Reduction in people's choices: In a diverse and multi-cultural country like India, having only three parties can lead to a lack of representation. The voices and ideas of different states and regional communities may be unable to be raised in the Parliament.
2.      Disruption in democratic institutions: It is also important to have many political parties in India so that every community and state can get representation in democracy. If there are only three parties, then the sensitive representation of smaller and regional voices may be reduced, and the possibilities of political centralization may increase.
3.      Threat of political centralization: More power may be concentrated in the three big parties, which can increase their control over political, economic, and administrative power. This can threaten India's democratic structure and constitutional values.
4.      Reduction in competition and public representation in elections: Different ideologies and new thinking will get less chance to compete in elections. This can limit the influx of political talent and new thinking, which can weaken the democratic process.
 

Can it bring stability to India?

On the one hand, the presence of three political parties may be expected to bring electoral and political stability. But this is not necessarily the case in a large and diverse country like India. India's social, cultural and geographical diversity necessitates a variety of political ideologies and parties that can properly represent all regions and communities.
 

Final Point:

Having only three political parties in India is worth considering from the point of view of democracy and political reform, but there are many challenges and possibilities in this process. The multi-party system supports a representative democracy in India and maintains diversity of thought, which are the basic pillars of our democracy.
 

Question No. 3: Is allowing a person to become an MLA or MP only three times a way to encourage new political energy and ideas?

Allowing a person to become an MLA or MP only three times is an interesting and thought- provoking proposal that can encourage new political energy and new ideas. Let us look at some of the positive and negative aspects of this proposal.

 

Positive aspects:

1.      Opportunity for new leadership: When a person is allowed to contest elections only three times, it gives a chance to new people to join the political system. These are new and innovative people who can bring changes in the administration by bringing new ideas and schemes according to the times.
2.      End of political stability: At times the same leaders remain in power for many years, which can weaken new ideas and innovation. The three-time limit can increase political stability and reduce the dominance of old thinking, thereby promoting development and progress.
3.      Political reform and accountability: The entry of new people can also increase accountability and transparency, as new leaders come with new expectations and have more public trust and support. This process can make the political system more mature and dynamic.
4.      End of vote bank and dictatorship: The same person staying in political office for a long time often leads to vote bank politics and accumulation of immense power, which weakens the basic foundation of democracy. A limit of three times can reduce such effects and an improvement can be seen in the political behavior of individuals.

 

Negative aspects:

1.      Lack of experience: Imposing a limit of three times may at times keep experienced and politically savvy leaders out of politics. Some experienced leaders, who can make significant contributions to the country, may be out of the system prematurely.
2.      Political instability: When new people come to power repeatedly, there may be a risk of increased political instability at times. Newcomers and leaders with less experience may sometimes be unable to take firm and mature decisions on national and international issues.
3.      Increase in election expenses: After every three times, a new person will need to contest the election, which may increase election expenses and economic burden in the political system.
4.      Political nepotism and internal electoral tensions: If some individuals are given only three times, they may encourage their family members to advance, which may further promote political nepotism and favouritism.
 

Final point:

Allowing a person to become MLA or MP only three times can be a measure to encourage new political energy and new ideas and it can bring new and progressive thinking in the political system. But, there are some problems in this, such as lack of experience and the danger of political instability. This proposal can be beneficial for the development and support of democracy, but it will require balanced and prudent decision making.

 

Question No. 4: Should the Central and State governments be evaluated by a constitutional commission after two and a half years of formation of government?

Yes, it is a reasonable and democratic idea to have the Central and State governments evaluated by a constitutional commission after two and a half years of formation of government, which can determine the efficiency and effectiveness of the governments. There are many positive aspects of this proposal which can contribute to improving administration and public interest. Let us consider the positives and some potential challenges of this idea:
 

Positive aspects:

1.      Administrative responsibility and accountability: Mid-term evaluation of governments will make leaders and administrators understand their responsibility and keep their tenure in the interest of the public. It will promote accountability and make governments accountable for their promises and their actions.
2.      Broad inspection of progress and problems: Evaluation after two and a half years will reveal how much success the government has achieved in its initial promises and plans and in which areas it has been lacking. This type of inspection can help governments to improve their tenure and pave the way for progress.
3.      Improvement and progress in public interest: Timely evaluation will make governments more pro-active in taking decisions in public interest. This proposal will give the public representatives an opportunity to improve their future plans and bring about behavioral changes.
4.      Political stability and trust: Mid-term evaluation will give the public confidence that their government is working in their interest or not. If the evaluation finds the government successful as per its promises, it will increase the trust between the government and the public.
5.      Democratic reform and progressive administration: There is a great need for new and progressive reforms in the administration system that has been going on since ancient times. Evaluation by a constitutional commission creates the possibility of a new direction and positive change in administration.
 
 
 

Challenges:

1.      Risk of political manoeuvring: This proposal will also have the possibility of political manoeuvring and misuse of the evaluation results by opposition parties. Opposition parties can use the evaluation results as propaganda against the government, which can promote political instability.
2.      Difficulties of numerical standards and logical evaluation: Evaluating the impact of government is a difficult task. It has to take into account many parameters like development, convenience, security, economic progress, and social reform. It is important to ensure that the evaluation is done in a proper and factual manner in practice.
3.      Administrative and management problems: Forming a constitutional commission and evaluating each government through it can be a comprehensive and time-consuming task, which will require a lot of resources and administrative coordination.
4.      Pressure on new constructions: If the government gets some easy indication in the mid- term evaluation of two and a half years that only new schemes and big changes will show them success, then the governments can reduce and increase the time and speed in new constructions and proper development work based on the possible results, which can sometimes lead to temporary and incomplete projects in the pursuit of immediate results.
 

Final point:

The proposal of mid-term evaluation is an effective idea in the accountability of governments and administrative reform. This will make the governments feel responsible towards their promises and will help in making timely improvements in the administration. But, to make this proposal successful it will be necessary that the process of evaluation is done in a fair and logical manner. If done correctly, this can be a new and important step in the political and administrative system of India.
 

Question No. 5: Should India not maintain trade relations with enemy countries?

India's trade relations with enemy countries can be considered from various perspectives. This Question touches upon aspects of foreign policy and national security on one hand and also reflects economic interest and democratic values on the other. Let us consider some positive and negative aspects of this Question:
 

Positive aspects:

1.      Economic benefits and development: India can get economic benefits from trade relations. If enemy countries also become partners in trade, then the economy of both the countries can benefit, which is helpful in the development of any country.
2.      End of global trade and dependency: If India maintains trade relations even with enemy countries, then it reflects its dependency in foreign policy and trade. Also, it can be helpful in providing India a strong position in the global market.
3.      Monitoring and control through national security: Through trade relations, India can maintain monitoring and control over the economic and political policy of enemy countries. An estimated trade relationship can give India an opportunity to keep an eye on the internal perspective and policy of that country.
4.      Diplomacy and Coordination: Diplomacy can improve through trade. By maintaining trade relations with enemy countries, India can make its diplomacy even more progressive and sensitive and strengthen its position on the international platform.
5.      Creation of stable and peaceful environment: Trade relations help in maintaining stability and peace between the two countries. If trade continues, both the countries will also be constantly inclined to try to solve problems.
 

Negative Aspects:

1.      Impact on National Security: Maintaining trade relations with enemy countries can affect India's security and national privacy. Confidential information and vital resources can be affected through trade.
2.      Threat of Economic Dependence: If India becomes dependent on the enemy country through trade, it can affect the country's economic and business stability. In times of any crisis, the enemy country can misuse this dependence.
3.      Moral hazard from international perspective: At times, trade relations can be used by enemy countries as a viewpoint and policy against them. This can also affect India's relations and dealings with them.
4.      Decrease in patriotism and support: Trade relations are often linked to national pride and patriotism. Maintaining relations with enemy countries can lead to a decrease in support for the government among the citizens of India.
5.      Administrative crisis and impact on democracy: Trade with enemy countries can lead to some political and administrative inequalities, which can have a negative impact on the administration and democratic system of India.

Final point:

It is important to make determined policies and constructive arrangements on maintaining trade relations with India's enemy countries. This arrangement should be done in such a way that a balance can be maintained between both trade and security. If India can make this supported policy, then it can be beneficial and safe for both the countries through trade relations.

 

Question No. 6: Should all education and health services be free in India?

The idea of all education and health services being free in India is very important and beneficial from the point of view of social justice and inclusive development. There are some positive and some challenging aspects of this proposal.
 

Positive aspects:

1.      Social justice and inclusive development: Getting free education and health services will provide equal opportunity to people of all sections. People from poor and weaker sections who are under financial pressure for these facilities will also benefit from this and inequality in the society will reduce.
2.      Human resource development: Free education can lead to human resource development on a very large scale. By providing proper education to every person, the development and progress of the country can be accelerated and the country can get a strong position in front of foreign countries.
3.      Healthy India, Best India: Free health facilities will improve the health condition of the people, which will be beneficial for the country from economic and social point of view. Only healthy citizens can build a prosperous and great country.
4.      Poverty eradication and economic reform: One of the main reasons for poverty and inequality is the lack of proper health and education. Free health and education can eradicate poverty and pave the way for economic improvement in the country.
5.      Educated and healthy manpower: Educated and healthy manpower contribute to the progress of the country. Free education and health facilities will increase the tendency of people to study and take care of their health, which will make the society even stronger.

 

Challenges:

1.      Financial burden and institutional arrangement: Free education and health facilities will require financial establishment on a very large scale. It may be a difficult task for the government to bear such a huge burden, and it will also require changes in administrative and financial systems.
2.      Lack of qualified and trained teachers and health workers: There may be a shortage of qualified and trained personnel in free services because lack of proper salary and facilities may become a hindrance in attracting personnel to these areas.
3.      Impact on the quality of services: Another aspect of free facilities is that sometimes the quality of services may be negatively affected. Through free facilities, a person may not be able to get special and advancement-showing facilities.
4.      Corruption and system challenges: Sometimes corruption and lack of system have also been seen in free services. To make this proposal successful, it will be necessary to create a strong system which makes this process corruption free and sensitive.
5.      Practical challenges: There may also be some disparity in the state and central policy regarding free health and education. There may be many administrative and practical challenges in providing free facilities in all the states.
 

Final point:

The proposal to make all education and health services free is a positive and effective idea, but it will require a strong financial and administrative system. Through free facilities, India can emerge as a country based on social justice and providing inclusive development. This can eliminate poverty, inequality, and social barriers, but to make this proposal successful, it will also be necessary to keep in mind the administrative and practical challenges.
 

Question No. 7: Should India's social, political, cultural and religious outlook be subject to the present context only in constitutional provisions or in the context of thousands of years of India's cultural heritage?

India's social, political, cultural and religious outlook is a subject that is not only related to the Indian Constitution but also to our thousands of years of cultural heritage. While considering this Question no., we should understand two main perspectives:
 

1.       Constitutional Rights and Inclusivity:

The Indian Constitution defines India as a democratic and secular country. Under the Constitution, all citizens have the right to equality, social justice and inclusive development. Some of the main aspects of this approach are:
 
·         Secularism: The Constitution makes India a secular nation, in which no particular religious or cultural tendency is seen as a human right or a rule of the state. This is a reflection of India's unity in diversity.
·         Individual liberty and rights: The Constitution provides every individual the right to freedom, expression and free thought. It aims to allow a person to follow any religious, cultural or social ideology of his choice without any pressure.
·         Equality and Social Justice: The Constitution provides equal status to all and provides rights for social justice, which ensures rights and opportunities for education, health and employment to all citizens of India.
It is important to recognize the Constitution because it supports the rights and inclusiveness of the citizens of India and helps in maintaining unity and stability in the administration of the state.
 

2.       Importance of Cultural Heritage and Experiences:

India's history is filled with cultural and religious heritage for thousands of years. This heritage is the basis of our identity, cultural values, and social outlook. Some of the main aspects are:
·         Cultural Values and Tradition: India's ancient tradition and values, which include spiritual and social values such as truth, non-violence, compassion and religious harmony, provide India with a beautiful social structure.
·         Indian Philosophy: India's cultural heritage emphasizes religious tolerance and respect and sensitivity towards each other. It guides our culture towards unity in diversity and inner peace.
·         Religious and spiritual knowledge: Our history and religious texts (such as Vedas, Upanishads, Mahabharata, Ramayana, and Gita) have an important message of knowledge and philosophy of life which provides guidance to the individual and society.

 

Balance of both perspectives:

In a diverse country like India, it is important that we try to incorporate both our constitutional and cultural perspectives together. Both have some benefits:
·         Combination of Constitution and Culture: The Constitution is the basis of our rights and duties, while culture shapes the character of our individual and society. If both are included in the social, political and religious perspectives of India, then a more strong and meaningful system can be created in the country.
·         Guidance for the new generation: Both cultural heritage and the Constitution together can provide a right path to the new generation in which they can understand the tradition of their ancestors and also adopt the needs of the new time.
 

Final point:

Both constitutional provisions and cultural heritage are the identity of India. A balance of these will help make India an inclusive, tolerant, and progressive nation. In today's current context, we need a model that can build an advanced and meaningful society while respecting the values of our Constitution and the fundamental philosophies of cultural heritage.
 
Therefore, India should adopt ideas and policies that demonstrate a possible and supported inclusiveness between the Constitution and cultural heritage.

 

Final Thoughts:

India's social, political, and cultural structure is the foundation of its development. It is essential to keep this social and political system sensitive and inclusive, so that every citizen can get the benefit of their rights and facilities. From increasing the powers of the President to the number of political parties, all issues affect the progress of the country and democratic values. Providing free education and health services will bring equality in the society, while the decision to have trade relations with enemy countries has to be taken carefully. Only through such sensitive assessment will India be able to become a strong and progressive nation to face the challenges ahead along with its thousands of years of heritage. All this will lead India to a prosperous and secure future, in which the contribution of every individual will be important.


[1] Rajasthan High Court, Jaipur.
LL.M (Cri. & Sec. Law) MBA (HR & Mkg.) M.A.(Eng.) Distinguished Jurist: - International Council of Jurists, London, UK. Ex. Vice President; The Bar Association, Jaipur (2006)