Open Access Research Article
"NAVIGATING THE INTERSECTION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM".
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Article Details
"NAVIGATING
THE INTERSECTION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE
SYSTEM".
AUTHORED BY - ABHEYSHEK JAMWAL
& VASUDHA SHARMA
ABSTRACT
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has
revolutionized numerous facets of contemporary society, with significant
implications for forensic science and criminal investigation. This abstract
encapsulates a comprehensive exploration of AI's role in these domains,
synthesized from various prompts. The historical background of AI unveils its
evolution since Alan Turing's seminal work in 1950, progressing through pivotal
developments in logic, reasoning algorithms, and neural networks. From 1980
onwards, AI witnessed strides in logical rule application and reasoning
algorithms, subsequently leading to the emergence of neural network software
systems in 1993.
AI's application in criminal justice
encompasses a spectrum of functions, including pattern recognition, facial
recognition, and crime scene reconstruction. Moreover, AI augments forensic
psychology by enhancing risk evaluation and predicting recidivism. The integration
of AI technologies facilitates efficient bloodstain pattern analysis, DNA
testing, and estimation of post-mortem intervals. Additionally, AI's
utilization extends to cyber forensics, multimedia analysis, and forensic data
analysis, enabling effective crime prevention and investigation. Forensic
odontology benefits from AI-driven dental identification techniques, enhancing
accuracy and expediency in mass disaster investigations. Furthermore, AI's
capability extends to ballistics analysis, enabling precise identification of
ballistic evidence through image processing and neural network applications.
Moreover, AI is instrumental in crime
forecasting, enabling law enforcement agencies to predict and preempt criminal
activities with enhanced accuracy. Legal solutions and courtroom procedures are
also streamlined through AI applications, ensuring efficient communication and
evidence presentation. AI's integration empowers forensic experts to address
the complexities of modern crime, offering nuanced insights and solutions.
While challenges persist, including the need for continuous technological
advancements and comprehensive training for stakeholders, the pervasive
influence of AI in forensic science and criminal investigation is undeniable.
In conclusion, AI represents a
transformative force in contemporary forensic science and criminal justice,
offering unprecedented capabilities to mitigate crime, enhance investigation
procedures, and deliver justice effectively.
KEYWORDS:- Artificial Intelligence (AI), Forensic
science, Criminal investigation, Alan Turing, Pattern recognition, Cyber
forensics, Crime forecasting , Crime prevention etc.
INTRODUCTION
Advancements in science and
technology are rapidly progressing, augmenting human intelligence through
machine utilization to achieve more sophisticated outcomes, notably in criminal
case investigations. Artificial intelligence offers promising avenues for
addressing challenges within the criminal justice domain, particularly in cases
where the root cause of the crime is ambiguous. Furthermore, artificial
intelligence finds extensive applications across diverse sectors such as
agriculture, industry, communication systems, education, finance,
manufacturing, transportation, and government services. Its capabilities extend
to preventing various violations in transportation systems, thereby ensuring
safer and more secure travel experiences.[1]
Artificial intelligence is proving to
be invaluable in addressing matters concerning criminal activity, public
safety, DNA analysis, gunshot detection, crime prediction, and crime
prevention. It can be aptly described as an advanced field within computer
science. The concept was initially articulated by John McCarthy, who defined
artificial intelligence as the discipline focused on creating intelligent
machines[2].
Enabled by artificial intelligence, machines possess the ability to
autonomously perceive and react to their surroundings, undertaking complex
tasks traditionally associated with human intelligence and decision-making, all
without direct human intervention.
HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE
Although the term "artificial
intelligence" may appear to have emerged recently, its roots trace back to
a significant and varied history. In 1950, Alan Turing published a
groundbreaking paper titled "Creating Thinking Machines"[3]
marking an early exploration into the concept. Subsequently, in 1956[4],
John McCarthy introduced his paper on Artificial Intelligence. Over the period
spanning from 1956 to 1974, there was extensive exploration and discussion
surrounding various aspects of artificial intelligence, including
decision-making processes, intricate mathematical representations, natural
language processing, the development of logical rules for interpreting and generating
sentences, and the inception of game theory, exemplified by the creation of
rudimentary computer games[5].
Between 1980 and 1987,
significant advancements were made in employing logical rules and reasoning
algorithms to simulate human expertise. Artificial intelligence began to be
utilized by physicians for medical diagnosis, facilitating the formulation of
new rules to enhance decision-making[6]
processes. The emergence of neural network software systems occurred during the
period spanning from 1993 to 2009. These networks were employed for tasks such
as identifying intricate patterns and recognizing characters, particularly in
license plate readers.Starting from 2010, artificial intelligence has
experienced widespread proliferation, evolving into a fully-fledged scientific
discipline with the aid of sophisticated software systems. Mimicking networks
are now extensively deployed to identify and classify complex patterns across
various domains. Software applications have expanded to include automated facial
and object detection, recognition, medical image diagnostics, analysis of
financial patterns, and governance regulation. Furthermore, artificial
intelligence is playing a crucial role in Defense Advanced Research Projects[7],
illustrating its broadening scope and significance.
MEANING
Artificial intelligence represents a
cutting-edge innovation, constituting a significant field within software
engineering aimed at enabling machines to emulate human capabilities. It
entails a remarkable fusion of human intellect and machine prowess, designed to
alleviate human workload and delegate various tasks to computers. Essentially,
artificial intelligence harnesses the power of the human brain, enabling
software programs to leverage structured algorithms to perform tasks. This
modern revolution facilitates the automated utilization of machines and
facilitates the acquisition of new knowledge and skills.
Artificial intelligence enables
machines to engage in various aspects of human cognitive processes, including
learning, reasoning, adaptation, self-correction, and rational decision-making.
Recent years have witnessed significant advancements in crucial learning
algorithms, benefiting applications in criminal investigations, scientific
analysis, and the establishment of equitable legal frameworks. The integration
of human expertise with machine capabilities in artificial intelligence serves
to alleviate functional burdens and extends the scope of operations to
previously inaccessible areas, enhancing the ability to uncover the root causes
of crimes. Consequently, there exists a profound and symbiotic relationship
between artificial intelligence and forensic science.
Artificial intelligence harnesses
intelligent agents within software systems to extract crucial data from
environments conducive to relevant information, a task that is unfeasible to
accomplish manually. Within this realm, machines emulate cognitive functions of
humans, extending well beyond mere learning and problem-solving abilities.
ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS (ANNS)
Artificial neural networks simulate
the operations of the human brain, particularly evident in machine learning and
deep learning algorithms. Artificial intelligence involves computer learning
without explicit programming instructions. Deep learning refers to the capacity
for learning without direct supervision. Artificial neural networks replicate
the learning functions of brain neurons using mathematical, computational, or
technological methods.
Computing systems, akin to biological
neural networks found in human brains, are designed to execute specific tasks
or tasks related to them. These tasks may encompass processes such as learning
through the recognition of photos or images and utilizing these insights to
interpret outcomes. Artificial neural networks undertake the function of image
recognition, extracting identifying features from processed instances provided
to them.
Forensic science operates on six key
principles, including the Law of Individuality, Locard’s Principle of Exchange,
Principle of Comparison, Principle of Analysis, Principle of Probability, and
Law of Progressive Exchange. Locard’s Principle of Exchange asserts that when
two entities interact, they leave traces on each other, a concept extensively
applied in forensic science and investigations, as well as in artificial
intelligence. This principle is commonly employed throughout the legal process,
from crime scenes to courtrooms. Artificial neural networks and artificial
intelligence play significant roles in forensic science.
THE APPLICATION OF ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE IN FORENSIC SCIENCE
Forensic science, a discipline within
the realm of criminal justice, encompasses the application of scientific
principles, methodologies, and techniques. In contemporary times, criminals
have adopted increasingly sophisticated systems and methods to perpetrate
crimes, often leaving no discernible clues or evidence behind, thereby evading
justice. Artificial intelligence aids forensic scientists in providing
intricate details and exploring various possibilities to apprehend offenders
and uncover the root causes of crimes. The integration of artificial
intelligence enhances forensic science by furnishing diverse inputs,
consequently enabling courts to accurately identify and punish perpetrators.
Artificial intelligence facilitates
the widespread adoption of forensic science techniques across all its branches
through the utilization of emerging technologies. It finds application in
various aspects such as blood pattern recognition and analysis, crime scene
reconstruction, image processing, satellite monitoring, and digital forensics.
Termed as machine intelligence, artificial intelligence leverages machines to
replicate human cognitive functions, contributing to its efficacy in forensic
applications.
Hence, artificial intelligence plays
a crucial role in software engineering, security architecture, forensic
science, neuroscience, and advanced engineering. It represents a form of
artificial cognitive capability, employing machines or software programs to
extract insights from complex patterns, thereby achieving outcomes that would
otherwise be unattainable.
BENEFITS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
IN FORENSIC INVESTIGATIONS
Artificial intelligence holds
significant potential for application in forensic science, offering numerous
advantages to forensic experts and technical personnel involved in forensic
matters. Some of these benefits include:
i.
Automation
facilitated by artificial intelligence enables forensic scientists to save
considerable time and resources that would otherwise be spent by investigators
analyzing crime scenes.
ii.
Artificial
intelligence is highly effective in identifying suspicious behavior patterns
from extensive datasets comprising videos, images, emails, text files, and
more.
iii.
The
dynamic nature of artificial intelligence methodologies surpasses rule-based
testing approaches, which typically focus on single datasets. Instead,
artificial intelligence employs a multipronged methodology, enhancing its
adaptability and effectiveness.
iv.
Through
its inherent advantages, artificial intelligence promotes a focused
investigative approach, prioritizing pertinent issues over conservative methods
that may hinder analytical investigations with localized and obstructive
approaches.
THE ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
IN CRIMINAL INVESTIGATIONS
In contemporary criminal
investigations and forensic examinations, the indispensable role of artificial
intelligence cannot be overstated, paving the way for an impartial judicial
system and ensuring fair dispensation of criminal justice. For instance, cases
involving murder or the pursuit of perpetrators of sexual abuse pose daunting
challenges for law enforcement agencies. The analysis of a single fingerprint
may necessitate sifting through vast databases of fingerprints, a task made
feasible solely through the assistance of artificial intelligence. By offering
digital forensics capabilities and sophisticated techniques for tackling
complex issues requiring extensive data processing, artificial intelligence
emerges as an invaluable asset.
In numerous instances, an abundance
of evidence is available in various forms such as images, videos, audios,
fingerprints, and handwriting. Artificial intelligence proves instrumental in
efficiently examining such evidence, rendering conventional manual methods
obsolete. Traditional approaches are often criticized for their bias,
prejudice, incompetence, or lack of comprehensive analysis, leading to
erroneous outcomes due to high error rates. Conversely, artificial intelligence
offers unparalleled accuracy, scientific rigor, and reliability.
Artificial intelligence significantly
bolsters forensic science by enabling forensic analysts to grapple with crimes
committed through the use of AI technology or employing sophisticated technical
and tactical investigation methodologies. It empowers forensic experts to both
identify and preempt criminal activities. There is a pressing need to expand
the utilization of artificial intelligence systems to handle a wide array of
intricate criminal cases. Leveraging artificial intelligence promises expedited
processing of a large volume of crimes within minimal time frames.
The adoption of artificial
intelligence presents extensive opportunities for employing technical
approaches, methodologies, techniques, and recommendations in criminal case
investigations.
In Western countries, sophisticated
criminals utilize artificial intelligence, posing a challenge that can only be
effectively addressed by government criminal justice systems leveraging the
same technology. Forensic investigations necessitate comprehensive examination
of evidence and extensive information gathering to arrive at logical
conclusions. Artificial intelligence offers invaluable support to forensic
specialists by facilitating efficient data management and enabling
meta-analysis at various levels.
The technology employed by artificial
intelligence proves instrumental in constructing data repositories essential
for criminal investigations. Its capabilities include pattern recognition,
elucidating reasoning processes, minimizing false negatives during analysis,
providing insights beneficial for the criminal legal system, aiding in
performance assessment, compiling statistical evidence, and establishing
methodologies for problem-solving.
UTILIZATION OF ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE
Artificial intelligence finds
application in addressing challenges across diverse domains within forensic
science. It assists experts in extracting pertinent information from crime
scenes, establishing culpability, and mitigating the risk of human error.
Additionally, it expedites the generation of accurate results, ensuring
seamless progress in forensic investigations. The utilization of artificial
intelligence by forensic specialists spans a wide range of areas in
contemporary practice.
i.
Identifying Patterns - Identifying Patterns involves the automatic identification of
patterns using various learning techniques to produce output values. It is
particularly valuable for detecting trends within extensive datasets. Patterns
can be derived from concrete evidence and probabilistic analysis. Examples of
patterns include fingerprint images, handwritten words, human faces, or speech
signals. It is also employed in identifying image patterns for individual or picture
recognition, as well as in detecting patterns in email messages or records.
Various techniques are utilized in pattern recognition depending on the nature
of the data. Leveraging artificial intelligence can mitigate the occurrence of
false positives or negatives.
ii.
Forecasting Using Neural Networks in Forensic Psychiatry - Clinical or behavioral predictions
are conducted using machine learning techniques, integrating neuroimaging with
artificial intelligence tools or functional brain parameters. This approach is
commonly employed to forecast the likelihood of recidivism in forensic
psychiatry and criminal justice investigations, where risk assessment holds
significant importance. Recent advancements in new devices and methodologies
have emerged to enhance risk assessment within the field of forensic
psychiatry. These developments enable the accurate differentiation between
high-risk and low-risk offenders, facilitating informed decisions regarding
sentencing, parole, capital punishment, juvenile court proceedings, and other
medico-legal matters.
iii.
Recognition of Human Faces - Numerous forensic professionals have developed effective
systems utilizing neural networks for automated facial recognition. By
utilizing a dataset of CT head scans, these systems construct sets of data.
Within this framework, endeavors are made to establish an individual's distinct
facial space, enabling researchers to evaluate the reconstructed face.
iv.
Establishing Data Stores- Similar to other systems designed to store and organize
up-to-date records of data or research, artificial intelligence proves highly
beneficial in managing an online repository where all digital forensic
investigations, findings, data, assets, and reports can be efficiently
maintained. This repository encompasses various storage mediums such as USB
drives, hard drives, optical media, and flash drives, capable of accommodating
vast volumes of information. Thus, artificial intelligence serves as a valuable
resource for legal documents, facilitating the interpretation and explanation
of data. Moreover, it possesses the capability to maintain an updated archive
of information, literature, and data analysis for legal purposes.
v.
Reconstruction of Crime Scenes Using Virtual Reality- Artificial intelligence is frequently
utilized to construct crime scenes and determine the identity of the
perpetrator. This involves the creation of 3D graphical models and animations,
allowing for real-time interaction with the reconstructed crime scene. Virtual
reality simulations are employed to generate the crime scene, incorporating
elements such as pathological visualization, murder reconstruction, and
evaluation of shooting incidents. The presence of specific objects, such as the
victim's body or other materials, is essential at the crime scene. Forensic
experts meticulously analyze each input aspect using various animated videos,
including manual construction of animated crime scenes.
vi.
Study of Ballistics- Forensic experts employ artificial neural networks to analyze gunpowder,
ammunition, and related materials for comparing bullet marks and firearms,
aiming to identify ballistic evidence using image processing techniques.
Through image processing, a correlation is established among projectile
imprints, firearm identification, and other ballistic materials found at the
crime scene, all without manual intervention.
vii.
Analysis of Multimedia- During multimedia analysis of crime scenes, images, videos,
or CCTV footage are utilized for criminal investigations; however, the
potential for human error cannot be disregarded. Artificial intelligence proves
invaluable in such investigations by recording attributes like eye shape, eye
color, and distance between the eyes for facial recognition, as well as
conducting demographic pattern analysis. Artificial intelligence enhances
multimedia analysis for intricate tasks, including independent facial
recognition in complex scenarios. It possesses capabilities to match faces,
identify weapons, compare voices, and detect complex events such as accidents
or crimes through audio analysis and speech recognition.
viii.
Psychological Analysis in Forensics- Likewise, artificial intelligence finds effective
application in narco-analysis and brain imaging procedures. Through the
analysis of brain activity using artificial neural networks, efforts are made
to distinguish between deceptive behavior and genuine responses. These networks
can provide guidance on the appropriate drug and dosage to administer to
suspects, facilitating the disclosure of truth. In the realm of criminal investigations, there exists
a variety of individuals who prove challenging to extract the truth from.
Artificial intelligence employs lie-detection systems powered by artificial
neural networks to elicit the truth from such individuals. This system induces
high levels of stress on the person being interrogated, making any attempt at
deception detectable. Through the utilization of artificial neural networks,
lies can be identified even in highly stressful situations.
ix.
Determining Post-Mortem Interval (PMI)- From a forensic perspective,
conducting a post-mortem examination of a deceased individual is crucial to
uncovering various hidden details surrounding their death. This examination
sheds light on the duration between the individual's demise and the discovery
of their body. The post-mortem report compiled by medical authorities serves as
evidence in judicial proceedings, regardless of whether it supports or refutes
the claims made by suspects or witnesses. During post-mortem procedures, blood
samples obtained from the femoral vein are subjected to analysis using a device
equipped with an artificial intelligence algorithm. This analysis focuses on
determining levels of Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), Aminotransferase (AST), triglycerides,
and cholesterol, excluding glucose. Estimating the post-mortem interval (PMI)
requires interpreting this data in conjunction with the blood's pH level and
cross-referencing various databases. The forensic report resulting from this
examination must be comprehensive and detailed to enable identification of the
cause of death.
x.
Dental Forensics- Artificial intelligence possesses the capability to discern an
individual's identity based on the unique characteristics of their dental
structure, including shape, size, and composition. This feature proves
invaluable in personal identification, particularly during mass disaster
investigations where dental findings play a crucial role. Neural networks are
trained to analyze skeletal remains for this purpose, offering precision and
efficiency while mitigating potential human biases in estimating skeletal
features. Forensic anthropology is the discipline specializing in this aspect
of forensic science.
xi.
Cyber Forensics- In today's digital age, cybercrimes are rampant, perpetrated by nefarious
individuals exploiting internet networks for illegal activities such as
unauthorized web browsing and facilitating high volumes of online traffic
through servers to commit crimes. Artificial neural networks play a crucial
role in addressing this issue by tracing perpetrators through methods such as
phone call analysis or utilizing pattern recognition systems with remote
sensing and satellite technologies.
xii.
Analysis of Forensic Data- Just like any other dataset, forensic data holds significant
importance for analytical examination and deriving crucial observations and
conclusions. Forensic experts rely on meticulously analyzed data that is
closely linked to the evidence in an investigation. Data itself serves as vital
evidence in numerous cases, aiding in the establishment of factual details. To
ensure its security from malicious actors, artificial intelligence primarily
utilizes digital data that is not easily deciphered. Artificial intelligence
extensively employs meta-analysis of metadata gathered from various sources and
repositories.
xiii.
Synthetic Smell Detection- Artificial intelligence is spearheading the development of
innovative devices and machinery aimed at detecting and characterizing scents
emitted from diverse sources, particularly for forensic purposes. Leveraging
aroma sensor technology and biochemistry, these devices, also known as
electronic noses, are designed to mimic mammalian olfactory systems. They are
utilized for identifying and categorizing aroma blends, aiding investigators in
detecting various exclusive materials, biological substances, and chemical
weapons.
xiv.
Analysis of Bloodstain Patterns- Artificial intelligence proves beneficial in bloodstain
pattern analysis conducted by forensic investigators. It aids in examining the
size, shape, and distribution of bloodstains resulting from violent events,
facilitating determination of the type of activity and modus operandi employed
in the crime. The string method is employed to ascertain the origin point of
the bloodstains. Utilizing image processing and computer vision, forensic
investigators can classify bloodstains using heuristic classification methods.
The string method, employed within bloodstain pattern analysis, expedites the
resolution of complex cases.
xv.
Prediction of Criminal Activities - Although crime forecasting presents a complex
challenge, as predictions may not always materialize and efforts by law
enforcement and security agencies could prove ineffective, the advent of artificial
intelligence offers promising solutions. Through the adoption of advanced
techniques, artificial intelligence enables nearly accurate crime forecasting,
empowering law enforcement agencies to identify criminals and anticipate
individuals at risk of criminal activities.
Artificial intelligence
innovations empower forensic experts to predict and preempt criminal
activities, thereby preventing their occurrence. Law enforcement and security
personnel leverage artificial intelligence technologies not only for crime
detection but also for prediction and prevention. They analyze established
crime patterns, monitor suspicious individuals, conduct site visits, and assess
risk factors to uncover criminal networks. Additionally, they scrutinize the
spread of crime, crime locations, and criminal weaponry, utilizing crime data,
facial recognition, and behavioral tracking to identify and apprehend
offenders.
xvi.
Offering Legal Remedies- High-profile criminal cases are typically referred to courts
to determine the cause of the crime and identify the perpetrator. Prosecution
and defense engage in a legal battle, with the prosecution striving to
establish the cause of the crime and the individuals involved. In addition to
traditional methods, contemporary artificial intelligence technologies are
aiding the legal community by providing efficient solutions to their
challenges. Lawyers now have access to various devices equipped with
statistical tools, enabling them to swiftly gather comprehensive knowledge and
obtain prompt answers during trial proceedings. Furthermore, artificial
intelligence facilitates rapid communication among forensic statisticians,
lawyers, criminal investigators, and medical professionals, ensuring seamless
coordination. It effectively bridges any communication gaps that may arise,
thereby minimizing the risk of delays or inaccuracies in the delivery of
justice.
xvii.
Genetic Analysis- Forensic laboratories commonly conduct DNA testing or examination of
biological substances such as blood, saliva, semen, and skin cells to ascertain
the identity of perpetrators, determine the cause of crimes, and identify the
weapons, chemicals, or other materials involved in criminal activities, all of
which are presented in court. Nowadays, artificial intelligence aids forensic
experts in DNA analysis by offering cutting-edge scientific and technical
methodologies, crime-related data, and various findings from criminal cases.
This assistance enhances the accuracy of data analysis and brings it closer to
the factual details of each case. Furthermore, artificial intelligence
technology has the capacity to assist in even the most complex analysis
scenarios.
SUGGESTIONS
The above discourse underscores the
significance of artificial intelligence in forensic science, especially in
crime management and prevention, a significance that continues to grow over
time. However, similar to human intelligence, artificial intelligence
necessitates the development of more sophisticated methodologies and the
introduction of advanced technologies to effectively confront the challenges
posed by highly technical individuals engaged in criminal, fraudulent, or other
antisocial and antinational activities. In this regard, the following
recommendations are proposed to enhance the framework of artificial
intelligence:
i.
Given
the rise of new forms of cybercrimes infringing upon public rights, there is a
need to broaden the utilization of artificial intelligence systems in our daily
lives. We require an artificial intelligence system capable not only of
apprehending and penalizing criminals but also of deterring them from engaging
in such activities.
ii.
The
application of artificial intelligence is a highly technical endeavor that
demands strategic approaches and state-of-the-art methodologies. Individuals
involved in the implementation of artificial intelligence must undergo
comprehensive training in technical knowledge to maximize the benefits of
artificial intelligence.
iii.
The
adoption of artificial intelligence technology presents new opportunities for
forensic investigators and other stakeholders in crime investigation. It is
evident that new technology should be developed specifically to implement
artificial intelligence, which could be used for the partial algorithmization
of the entire criminal proceedings at pre-trial and trial stages.
iv.
Currently,
artificial intelligence technology is being deployed worldwide to address crime
investigation. Some countries, such as Britain and Japan, have achieved high
levels of technology in this field. Therefore, countries like India need to
develop their technology in line with developed nations to gain expertise in
crime management and reduction.
v.
It
has been observed that the error rate in manual crime investigation handling is
relatively high, whereas the use of artificial intelligence eliminates such
possibilities entirely. Therefore, it is in the interest of justice to promote
the widespread use of artificial intelligence. In many cases, human errors have
resulted in perpetrators escaping punishment or evading justice.
CONCLUSION
Undoubtedly, artificial intelligence
has emerged as a recent development, yet it is rapidly expanding its influence
across various domains of forensic science and crime investigation with notable
success. Forensic experts affirm that artificial intelligence has become an
indispensable necessity in the current scenario. The software continually
undergoes enhancements to provide optimal services. Acting like a repository of
information and outcomes, artificial intelligence exhibits multifaceted
applicability and holds significant potential in criminal investigation. It
greatly aids police investigators and security personnel, facilitating
expedited examination and investigation processes. Through artificial intelligence,
criminal cases are efficiently resolved, contributing to a reduction in the
backlog of legal cases in courts. Presently, many scientists and researchers
rely on the sophisticated techniques offered by artificial intelligence. The
integration of artificial intelligence has fortified our security and defense
systems, ensuring transparency throughout the entire process. Forensic experts
are now able to conduct investigations promptly and with improved precision,
mitigating the possibility of miscarriages of justice. Consequently, artificial
intelligence stands poised to deliver documented and nuanced solutions in the
realm of forensic science, with its utility expected to expand into various
other fields in the foreseeable future.
https://nij.ojp.gov/topics/articles/using-artificial-intelligence-address-criminal-justice-needs/
(Visited on
March 02, 2024).
[2] The Society for the Study of
Artificial Intelligence and Simulation of Behaviour, “What is Artificial
Intelligence”, available at: https://nij.ojp.gov/topics/articles/using-artificial-intelligence-address-criminal-justice-needs/
(Visited on March 15, 2024).
[5] Daniel Crevier, AI: The
Tumultuous Search for Artificial Intelligence (New York: Basic Books,
1993).
Article Information
"NAVIGATING THE INTERSECTION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM".
Authors: ABHEYSHEK JAMWAL, VASUDHA SHARMA
- Journal IJLRA
- ISSN 2582-6433
- Published 2024/05/28
About Journal
International Journal for Legal Research and Analysis
- Abbreviation IJLRA
- ISSN 2582-6433
- Access Open Access
- License CC 4.0
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