INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS

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[1] Covid-19| no individual can be forced to be vaccinated; holds supreme ..., , https://www.scconline.com/blog/post/2022/05/04/covid-19-forced-vaccination-immunisation-privacy-right-bodily-integrity-supreme-court-judgments-legal-news-research-updates-law/ (last visited Oct 4, 2022).

[2] The Leaflet, https://theleaflet.in/right-to-self-determine-what-may-be-injected-into-our-bodies-is-fundamental-says-petitioner-in-the-vaccination-case-in-the-supreme-court/ (Last Visited On October 4,2022)

[4] K.S. Puttaswamy v Union of India, (2017) 10 SCC 1

^{^[2]} Rashmi Bagri, OFFICE OF PROFIT: IT'S TIME TO LAY DOWN THE SPECIFICS, LiveLaw, (Nov. 21, 2021, 11:48 a.m.). https://www.livelaw.in/columns/office-of-profit-doctrine-of-separation-of-power-governance-legislations-supreme-court-decisions-185994

^{^[3]} Debabrata Mohanty, ODISHA: EC ACQUITS 22 BJD MLAS OVER OFFICE-OF-PROFIT CHARGES, Hindustan Times, (Nov. 10, 2021, 10:48 a.m.) https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/odisha-ec-acquits-22-bjd-mlas-over-office-of-profit-charges-101636521498746.html

^{^[4]} Odisha Offices of Profit (Removal of Disqualifications) Amendment Act, 2016.

^{^[8]} Government of India Act 1935, 26 Geo. 5 c. 2, § 26(1)(a).

^{^[9]} The Representation of the People Act, 1951, § 10.

^{^[10]} Gulab Chand Chordia v. Thakur Narain Singh and ors., (1953) 6 ELR 399.

^{^[11]} The Parliament (Prevention of Disqualification) Act, 1959, § 3.

^{^[13]} Rajesh Ranjan & Naina Bhargava, Office of Profit in India, Legal Service India, https://www.legalserviceindia.com/legal/article-1153-office-of-profit-in-india.html

^{^[16]} Gae R, Office of Profit under the Government,48 JSTOR L. J. 1, 400 (2006).

^{^[17]} The Parliament (Prevention of Disqualification) Act, 1959.

^{^[19]} Sruthi Radhakrishnan, The Hindu explains: Office of Profit, The Hindu, (Jan. 20, 2018, 04:32 p.m,) https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/the-hindu-explains-office-of-profit/article22480152.ece

^{^[20]} Kanta Kathuria v. Manak Chand Surana, 1970 SCR (2) 835.

^{^[21]} Ananya Jha, Office of Profit- Definition under the Indian Constitution, Ipleaders, Nov. 16 2018, https://blog.ipleaders.in/office-of-profit/#_ftnref2

^{^[22]} Jaya Bachchan v. Union of India and Ors., (2006) 5 SCC 266.

^{^[25]} Umrao Singh v. Darbara Singh & Ors., AIR 1969 SC 262.

^{^[27]} Our Political Bureau, Political pot on boil over Jaya disqualification, Business Standard (Feb. 6, 2013, 06:31 a.m.)

https://www.business-standard.com/article/economy-policy/political-pot-on-boil-over-jaya-disqualification-106031801049_1.html

^{^[29]} Vakasha Sachdev, , AAP MLAs’ Disqualification: Decoding the Office of Profit Case, The Quint ( Jan. 19, 2018, 10:24 p.m.) https://www.thequint.com/news/india/decoding-aap-mla-disqualification-office-of-profit-case#read-more

^{^[30]} Gurugobinda Basu v. Sankari Prasad Ghosal and ors., 1964 (4) SCR 311

^{^[34]} News, Narada sting operation: CBI files FIR against 12 Trinamool leaders for 'criminal conspiracy' , The Times of India(Apr.17, 2017) https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/narada-sting-operation-cbi-files-fir-against-12-trinamool-leaders-for-criminal-conspiracy/articleshow/58227792.cms

^{^[35]} India Const. art. 102 &191.

32 India Const. Art. 102

^{^[36]} The Parliament (Prevention of Disqualification) Act, 1959, § 3.

^{^[37]} The Parliament (Prevention of Disqualification) Act, 1959, § 5.

^{^[38]} Faizan Mustafa, Grab This Opportunity To Abolish Disqualification Due to 'Office of Profit', The Wire (Jan. 22, 2018), https://thewire.in/government/grab-opportunity-abolish-disqualification-due-office-profit .

^{^[39]} Consumer Education and Research Society v. Union of India, MANU/SC/1499/2009.

^{^[42]} The Bihar Legislature (Removal of Disqualifications) Act, 1950.

^{^[43]} The West Bengal Legislature (Removal of Disqualifications) Act, 1952 § 2(i)(a) and 2(i)(d).

^{^[44]} Chowdhury M.J.A., Judiciary and the Dilemma of ‘Office of profit, Vol.XI CUJ.L. 1, 58-82 (2010).

^{^[45]} Brian Duignan, What is the Emoluments clause, Britannica (Oct. 21, 2001), https://www.britannica.com/story/what-is-the-emoluments-clause.

^{^[47]} Edward Hicks, Resignation from the House of Commons, UK Parliament (Sep. 11, 2019), https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/SN06395/SN06395.pdf.

^{^[50]} Succession to the Crown Act 1707, 6 Ann. c. 41, §26.

^{^[51]} House of Commons Disqualification Act 1741, 15 Geo. 2 c. 22.

^{^[52]} House of Commons Disqualification Act 1975, c. 24 (UK), https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1975/24/body.

^{^[54]} Ashok Kumar Bhattacharyya Vs. Ajoy Biswas and Ors. (1985) 1 SCC 151.

^{^[58]} Jaya Bachchan Vs. Union of India (UOI) and Ors. AIR 2006 SC 2119.

^{^[59]} Biharilal Dobrav v. Roshanlal Dobrav [1984] 1 SCR 877.

^{^[60]} Divya Prakash Vs. Kultar Chand Rana and Ors. AIR 1975 SC 1067.

^{^[61]} Himachal Pradesh Board of School Education Act, 1968, § 18.

^{^[62]} Gurugobinda Basu Vs. Sankari Prasad Ghosal and Ors. AIR 1964 SC 254.

^{^[63]} Indian Companies Act, 1956, § 2(18) & 617.

^{^[68]} Satya Ranjan Swain, The Concept of 'Office of Profit' in India, SSRN (Dec. 10, 2011), https://ssrn.com/abstract=2181796 .

^{^[70]} Pradyut Bordoloi Vs. Swapan Roy, AIR 2001 SC 296.

[1] Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Article 16.

[2] Law Commission of India, “242^nd Report on Prevention of Interference with the Freedom of Matrimonial Alliances (in the name of Honour and Tradition)” (August, 2012), available at: https://lawcommissionofindia.nic.in/reports/report242.pdf (last accessed on October 13, 2021)

[3] Arvind Chauhan (2016) “Highest number of honour killings, relationship murders in UP” Times of India, 31st August, 2016, available at: https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/agra/highest-number-of-honour-killings-relationship-murders-in-up/articleshow/53949053.cms (last accessed October 14, 2021)

[4] US Department of State, 2019 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: India, https://www.state.gov/reports/2019-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/india/ (last visited on October 12, 2021).

[5] National Crime Records Bureau, Ministry of Home Affairs, ‘Crime in India 2020’, Statistics Volume-1, available at: https://ncrb.gov.in/sites/default/files/Crime%20in%20India%20-%202016%20Complete%20PDF%20291117.pdf, last visited on September 28, 2022.

[6] National Crime Records Bureau, Ministry of Home Affairs, ‘Crime in India 2020’, Statistics Volume-1, available at: https://ncrb.gov.in/sites/default/files/Crime%20in%20India%202017%20-%20Volume%201_0_0.pdf, last visited on September 28, 2022.

[7] Ministry of Home Affairs, Honour Killings, available at: https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1540824 (last visited on October 15, 2021)

[8] NCRB report leaves out lynching, honour killing data for being ‘vague’, available at: https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/ncrb-report-leaves-out-lynching-honour-killing-data-for-being-vague/cid/1713552 (last visited on October 15, 2021)

[9] National Crime Records Bureau, Ministry of Home Affairs, ‘Crime in India 2020’, Statistics Volume-1, available at: https://ncrb.gov.in/sites/default/files/CII%202019%20Volume%201.pdf, last visited on September 28, 2022.

[11] India: Honour-based violence, including prevalence in rural and urban areas; legislation; state protection and support services available (2016-May 2020), available at: https://www.justice.gov/eoir/page/file/1290791/download#:~:text=Sources%20note%20that%20honour%2Dbased,%2Dreported%20(Reuters%2029%20Dec.&text=According%20to%20a%20report%20on,%5B2019%5D%2C%20162) (last visited on October 14, 2021).

[12] National Crime Records Bureau, Ministry of Home Affairs, ‘Crime in India 2020’, Statistics Volume-1, available at: https://ncrb.gov.in/sites/default/files/CII%202020%20Volume%201.pdf, last visited on September 28, 2022.

[14] Tanya D’Lima, Jennifer L. Solotaroff, Rohini Prabha Pande, ‘For the sake of Family and Tradition: Honour Killings in India and Pakistan’, Sage Journals (2020), available at: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2455632719880852 (last visited on October 13, 2021).

[15] Manusmriti: The Laws of Manu (ca. 1500 BC – or later-) (translated by G. Buhler), available at http://eweb.furman.edu/~ateipen/ReligionA45/protected/manusmriti.htm (last visited on October 10, 2021).

[18] Lata Singh v State of U.P., 2006 (5) SCC 475.

[20] Rahul Rajput’s murder: Family says woman was present at spot and even tried to save him, available at: https://www.indiatvnews.com/news/india/delhi-rahul-rajput-murder-woman-tried-to-save-was-present-at-spot-655996 (last visited on October 12, 2021)

[21] Navtej Singh Johar v U.O.I., (2018) 10 SCC 1.

[22] Mental Healthcare Act, 2017 (No. 10 of 2017), available at: https://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/2017/175248.pdf (last visited on October 14, 2021).

[23] Mental Healthcare Act, 2017 (No. 10 of 2017), s. 2(1)(s) read with ss. 3 and 21(1)(a).

[2] Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012, No. 32, Acts of Parliament, 2012 (India).

[3] Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006, No. 6, Acts of Parliament, 2006 (India).

[4] Independent Thought v. Union of India, [2017] 10 SCC 800.

[5] Law Commission of India, https://lawcommissionofindia.nic.in/ (last visited Mar. 30, 2022).

[7] The Indian Penal Code, 1860, § 377, No. 45, Acts of Parliament, 1860 (India).

[8] Bodhisattwa Gautam v. Subhra Chakraborty, 1996 AIR 922.

[10] Hrishikesh Sahoo v. The State of Karnataka, 2022 LiveLaw (Kar) 89.

[14] K.S Puttaswamy v. Union of India, (2008) 1 SCC 234.

[18] Mukesh & Anr v. State of NCT of Delhi & Ors, (2017) 6 SCC 1.

[1] The author is currently studying Masters of Law (LL.M.) in Constitutional Law from Maharashtra National Law University, Aurangabad.

[2] W.E. Peel, J. Goudkamp, Winfield & Jolowicz on Tort 360 (Sweet & Maxwell, 19th edn., 2014).

[5] Ratanlal and Dhirajlal, The Law of Torts 279 (LexisNexis, New Delhi, 26th Edn., 2013).

[7] Khushwant Singh v. Maneka Gandhi AIR 2002 Delhi 58.

[8] Subramanian Swamy v. Union of India AIR 2016 SC 2728

[11] Shreya Singhal v. Union of India AIR 2005 SC 1523; Writ petition (Criminal) No. 167 of 2012.

[1] Chapter XX, Uttar Pradesh Police Regulations and Police Act 1861

[5] Justice KS Puttaswamy v. Union of India (2019) 1 SCC 1

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