INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS

DE-DOLLARIZATION AND INTERNATIONALIZATION OF RUPEE: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS BY - DEEPALI PADHY

Authors: DEEPALI PADHY

Registration ID: 109171 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA9171

Year: Feb-2025 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN: 2582-6433 | Country: Delhi, India

Email Id: deepalipadhyofficial@gmail.com

Page No: 18 | No of times Downloads: 0065

DOI Link: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/02.2025-43119783/DE-DOLLARIZATION AND INTERNATIONALIZATION OF RUPEE

AN OVERVIEW OF LAWS GOVERNING THE BANKING SECTOR IN INDIA BY - ADV. DEVENDHU A P & ADV. A C ARJUN

Authors: ADV. DEVENDHU A P & ADV. A C ARJUN

Registration ID: 109169 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA9169 & IJLRA9170

Year: Feb-2025 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN: 2582-6433 | Country: Delhi, India

Email Id: devendhuap@gmail.com & acarjun01@gmail.com

Page No: 11 | No of times Downloads: 0065

DOI Link: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/02.2025-49681776/AN OVERVIEW OF LAWS GOVERNING THE BANKING SECTOR I

CRITICAL STUDY OF USE OF FORENSIC SCIENCE IN INVESTIGATION OF OFFENCES BY - MR. SIDDHARTH NAGAR

Authors: MR. SIDDHARTH NAGAR

Registration ID: 109168 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA9168

Year: Feb-2025 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN: 2582-6433 | Country: Delhi, India

Email Id: siddharth1267909@gmail.com

Page No: 17 | No of times Downloads: 0065

DOI Link: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/02.2025-63395645/CRITICAL STUDY OF USE OF FORENSIC SCIENCE IN INVES

REGULATORY FRAMEWORK AND TAXATION OF CRYPTOCURRENCY GAINS AND LOSSES IN INDIA: ANALYSING CURRENT LAWS AND FUTURE IMPLICATION BY - AISWARYA LAKSHMI JS

Authors: AISWARYA LAKSHMI JS

Registration ID: 109167 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA9167

Year: Feb-2025 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN: 2582-6433 | Country: Delhi, India

Email Id: advaiswarya2000@gmail.com

Page No: 16 | No of times Downloads: 0065

DOI Link: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/02.2025-91981366/REGULATORY FRAMEWORK AND TAXATION OF CRYPTOCURRENC

WHITHER THE LOOK EAST POLICY BY - RISHABH VYAS

Authors: RISHABH VYAS

Registration ID: 109166 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA9166

Year: Feb-2025 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN: 2582-6433 | Country: Delhi, India

Email Id: vyasrishabhshravan@gmail.com

Page No: 20 | No of times Downloads: 0065

DOI Link: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/02.2025-42313194/WHITHER THE LOOK EAST POLICY

A STUDY OF RIGHTS OF WOMEN IN INDIA BY - DR. RAJ KUMAR & MS. ITY VERMA

Authors: DR. RAJ KUMAR & MS. ITY VERMA

Registration ID: 109164 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA9164 & IJLRA9165

Year: Feb-2025 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN: 2582-6433 | Country: Delhi, India

Email Id: premchandra1979@gmail.com & premchandra1979@gmail.com

Page No: 13 | No of times Downloads: 0065

DOI Link: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/02.2025-29481366/A STUDY OF RIGHTS OF WOMEN IN INDIA

RIGHTS OF MIGRANT AND REFUGEES BY - SUSHANT RAI

Authors: SUSHANT RAI

Registration ID: 109163 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA9163

Year: Feb-2025 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN: 2582-6433 | Country: Delhi, India

Email Id: raisushant007@gmail.com

Page No: 17 | No of times Downloads: 0065

DOI Link: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/02.2025-83342114/RIGHTS OF MIGRANT AND REFUGEES

ENVIRONMENT AND IHL BY - RONANKI PARIMALA

Authors: RONANKI PARIMALA

Registration ID: 109162 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA9162

Year: Feb-2025 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN: 2582-6433 | Country: Delhi, India

Email Id: parimalaronanki767@gmail.com

Page No: 15 | No of times Downloads: 0065

DOI Link: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/02.2025-45143193/ENVIRONMENT AND IHL

EVOLUTION OF INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURTS UNDER NUREMBERG TRIBUNAL BY- SAKSHI SHARMA

Authors: SAKSHI SHARMA

Registration ID: 109161 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA9161

Year: Feb-2025 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN: 2582-6433 | Country: Delhi, India

Email Id: sakshisharma11112001@gmail.com

Page No: 14 | No of times Downloads: 0065

DOI Link: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/02.2025-56766584/EVOLUTION OF INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURTS UNDER N

EXPLORING THE INTERSECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND ELECTION LAWS IN EMERGING DEMOCRACIES BY - NAFIZ NASRIN

Authors: NAFIZ NASRIN

Registration ID: 109160 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA9160

Year: Feb-2025 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN: 2582-6433 | Country: Delhi, India

Email Id: nafiznasrin18@gmail.com

Page No: 21 | No of times Downloads: 0065

DOI Link: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/02.2025-82329316/EXPLORING THE INTERSECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND ELE

International journal for legal research and analysis

Abbreviation:IJLRA

ISSN:2582-6433

Website:https://www.ijlra.com/

Accessibility:Open Access

License:Creative Commons 4.0

Submit Manuscript:Click here

Licensing:

All research articles published INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS are fully open access. i.e. immediately freely available to read, download and share. Articles are published under the terms of a Creative Commons license which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Disclaimer:

The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors. They do not purport to reflect the opinions or views of the INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS or its members. The designations employed in this publication and the presentation of material therein do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS

[1] Zhongmin Liu, Meng Shu, “The Russia-Ukraine Conflict and the changing geopolitical landscape in the Middles East”, 5 Springer Nature 99-112 (2023).

[3] M J Vinod, “The geopolitics of De-dollarization” The Deccan Herald, Sep. 26, 2024.

[4] Bretton Woods Agreement and the Institutions It Created Explained, available at: https://www.investopedia.com/terms/b/brettonwoodsagreement.asp (last visited on November 2, 2024).

[5] Ragnar Nurkse, “Conditions of International Monetary Equilibrium”, Essays in International Finance 1-24 (Princeton University, 1945).

[8] The Dollar is Poised to keep Its Crown, available at: https://www.morganstanley.com/ideas/us-dollar-dominance-maintains-reserve-currency-status (last visited on November 2, 2024).

[9] Government of India, “Question No-271 Trading In Local Currencies” (Ministry of External Affairs, 2023).

[10] Suhasini Haidar, “India and Russia have doubled rupee-rouble payments in 2024, says largest Russian Bank, The Hindu, Jul. 16, 2024.

[11] Huma Siddiqui, “BRICS Unveils Symbolic Banknote, Pushes for Local Currency Trade Amid Dollar Debate, The Financial Express, Oct. 24, 2024.

[12] Raghuram Rajan, “Currencies aren’t the problem: Fixed Domestic Policy, Not Exchange Rates”, 90 Council on Foreign Relations 104-116 (2011).

[13] China is defending against the dollar’s dominance, available at: https://www.omfif.org/2024/05/china-is-defending-against-the-dollars-dominance/ (last visited on November 2, 2024).

[14] Dr Pawel Tokarski, “The Euro in a World of Dollar Dominance”, 30 Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik 3-7 (2024).

[15] Abhiman Das, Sanket Mohapatra, et. al. “India’s International Integration and Challenges to Sustaining Growth” 42(3) Vikalpa 168-205 (2017).

[17] K.A. Dhananjay, “End of the road for India and Russia’s Rupee Ruble Trade? The Diplomat, May 22, 2023.

[18] Government of India, “How India’s Rupee went from Most to Least Volatile in Asia” (Press Information Bureau, 2024).

[19] Nikita Vashisht and Puneed Wadhwa, “What is Capital account convertibility? Is India ready for it yet? The Business Standard (Oct. 26, 2021).

[20] International Monetary Fund Agreement, 1944, art. XXX(f).

[21] International Monetary Fund Agreement, 1944, art. VIII.

[22] Capital Account: Liberalize or not? available at: https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/basics/capital.htm (last visited on November 2, 2024).

[23] Mr. Mahinder Singh Gill, “ 11 Classification of Capital Account Transactions”, The IMF’s Statitsical Systems in the Context of Revision of the United Nation’s A System of National Accounts 629 (International Monetary Fund, 1991).

[24] Government of India, “Report of the India-China Joint Study Group on Comprehensive Trade and Economic Cooperation” (Ministry of External Affairs, 2005).

[25] Y V Reddy, “The Rupee as an International Currency”, The Indian Forum, Jun 21. 2023.

[26] Rupee going global: Acceptable for South Asia? available at: https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/rupee-going-global-acceptable-for-south-asia (last visited on November 2, 2024).

[27] Government of India, “Agreement on South Asian Free Trade Area (SAFTA)” (Ministry of External Affairs, 2004).

[28] Government of India, “Prime Minister participates in the 16^th BRICS Summit” (Ministry of External Affairs, 2024).

[29] A.K. Ramdas, “Currency Swap Agreements- How India can benefit from it?”, The MoneyLife (December 30, 2013).

[30] The Foreign Exchange Management, 1999 (Act 42 of 1999).

[31] The Foreign Exchange Management, 1999 (Act 42 of 1999), s.6.

[32] R.B. Teli, “A critical analysis of foreign direct investment flows in India” 133 Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 447-455(2014).

[34] Freeing the Rupee: RBI Allows Foreign Trade Settlements in INR, available at: https://premium.capitalmind.in/2022/07/freeing-the-rupee-rbi-allows-foreign-trade-settlement-in-inr/ (last visited on November 2, 2024).

[35] Narendra Jadhav and et al.,“ The Reserve Bank of India’s Balance Sheet: Analytics and Dynamics of Evolution”, 24(3) Reserve Bank of India Occasional Papers 4-5 (2003).

[38] The Euro and Trade: New evidence, available at: https://cepr.org/voxeu/columns/euro-and-trade-new-evidence ((last visited on November 2, 2024).

[39] What caused the US pandemic-era inflation?, available at: https://www.brookings.edu/articles/what-caused-the-u-s-pandemic-era-inflation/ (last visited November 2, 2024).

[40] The Dollar: World’s Reserve Currency, available at: https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/dollar-worlds-reserve-currency (last visited November 2, 2024).

^{^[1]}The Role of DNA in Criminal Investigation- Admissibility in Indian Legal System and Future Perspectives, 15-21 IJHSSI Vol. 2 (2013).

[2] In 2006, definition given by William J. Tilstone

[3] Fisher, 2004; Gardner, 2004; Lee, Palmbach & Miller, 2004.

[5] Article 11 of Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

[7] Ramchandra Reddy and Ors. v. State of Maharashtra, AIR 2017 SC 2042

[8] Anil @ Anthony Arikswamy Joseph versus the State of Maharashtra, 2014 AIR SCW 1334

[9] Sushil Mandal V. The State Represented by CBI, 2014 SCC Online Mad 7362.

[1] Magnuson, W., 2018. Financial regulation in the Bitcoin era. Stan. JL Bus. & Fin., 23, p.159.

[2] Principal, D.B., 2024. BLOCK CHAIN AND CRYPTOCURRENCY LAWS AND REGULATIONS 2024–AN ANALYSIS. International Journal of Information Technology (IJIT), 5(1).

[3] Jain, Tarun. "The Taxation of Cryptoassets in India: A Review of Evolving Tax Policy and Law." Available at SSRN (2024).

[4] Singh, A.K. and Singh, K.V., 2018. Cryptocurrency in India-its effect and future on economy with special reference to bitcoin. International Journal of Research in Economics and Social Sciences (IJRESS), 8(3), pp.115-126.

[5] Camenisch, J., Maurer, U. and Stadler, M., 1997. Digital payment systems with passive anonymity-revoking trustees. Journal of Computer Security, 5(1), pp.69-89.

[6] Panda, S.K., Sathya, A.R. and Das, S., 2023. Bitcoin: Beginning of the cryptocurrency era. In Recent Advances in Blockchain Technology: Real-World Applications (pp. 25-58). Cham: Springer International Publishing.

[7] The State of Crypto Taxation in India: Past, Present and Future, available at: https://www.coindesk.com/layer2/2022/11/14/india-cryptocurrency-tax-laws/ (Visited on 17 December 2023)

[8] CIT/CWT v. P.R.S. Oberoi, (1990) 183 ITR 103 (Cal.).

[11] Maharajkumar Gopal Saran Narain Singh v. CIT, (1935) 3 ITR 237 (Bom.).

[13] Commissioner of Income Tax v. B.C. Srinivasa Shetty, (1981) 2 SCC 460.

[15] Sec 30 and Sec 43D the Income Tax Act, 1961.

[16] George Dalton, Barter, JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ISSUES (2016) (discussing the essentials and intricacies of barter transactions).

[17] Pawan K. Aggarwal, Incidence of Major Indirect Taxes in India, 14–16, 1995, available at http://www.nipfp.org.in/media/medialibrary/2014/10/INCIDENCE_OF_MAJOR_INDIRECT_TAXES_IN_INDIA. Pdf (Visited on 19 December 2023).

[18] Devi Dass Gopal Krishnan v. State of Punjab, (1967) 20 STC 430.

[19] Sales Tax Commissioner v. Ram Kumar Agarwal, (1967) 19 STC 400 All; See also M Jaihind v. State of Kerala, (1998) 111 STC 374; CTO v. Kansari Udyog Sahakari Samiti, (1979) 43 STC 176.

[20] C Mohammed Ali v. State of Kerala, (2010) 31 VST 427; Dhampur Sugar Mills v. CTO, (2006) 147 STC 57; State of Tamil Nadu v. TMT Drill (P.) Ltd., (1991) 82 STC 59.

[1] Assistant Professor, School of Law, IEC University, HP.

[2] Research Scholar, School of Law, IEC University, HP.

[7]Hanna-Maria Niemi, “The Use of Human Dignity in Legal Argumentation: An Analysis of the Case Law of the Supreme Courts of Finland” https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/18918131.2021.1999576#abstract

[1] Guidelines on the protection of the natural environment in armed conflict (2023) International Committee of the Red Cross. Available at: https://www.icrc.org/en/publication/4382-guidelines-protection-natural-environment-armed-conflict (Accessed: 23 September 2023).

[2]“Reports and Documents: Framework for Environmental Management in ...” accessed March 20, 2023

[3] R.A M, “‘Laws Of Armed Conflict And Environmental Protection: An Analysis Of Their Inter-Relationship’ ”[1999] the paper presented at the Seminar on International Humanitarian Law and Its Different Dimensions Relevant to Contemporary Realities, Organized by the ICRC and the Indian Society of International Law,

[4] Ealmasi, “Climate Change, Humanitarian Action and the Need for Climate Journalism” (ICRC in IranApril 21, 2022) accessed March 18, 2023

[5] Climate and environment considerations for combatants (2022) PreventionWeb. Available at: https://www.preventionweb.net/news/climate-and-environment-considerations-combatants (Accessed: 23 September 2023).

[6] “Our Earth Matters” (IOS Press) accessed march 26, 2023

[7] “Animals in War: At the Vanishing Point of International Humanitarian Law” accessed March 28, 2023

[8] Paul Taylor, “The Protection of Environment during Armed Conflict 64: “Climate of Ecopolitics: ACitizens Guide”, 2008, iUniverse Books, United States of America, P.P. 1-5.

[9]Cerutti, F. (2018a) Attributes, compliance and effectiveness of nested regimes the biological weapons regime complex, IRIS. Available at: https://air.unimi.it/handle/2434/601731 (Accessed: 23 September 2023).

[10] “Rome Statute International Criminal” accessed March 29, 2023

[11] Gaser, Hans-Peter “For Better Protection of the Natural Environment in Armed Conflict: A Proposal for Action” The American Journal of International Law, Vol. 89, No. 3 (Jul., 1995), pp. 637-644. Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2204184.< accessed on 1^st April 2023.

[1] Anupam Jha, “Challenges before International Criminal Tribunals: A Special Focus on International Criminal Court”, ISIL Yearbook International Humanitarian and Refugee Law, Vol. III, 2008, pp. 178- 193, at p. 178.

[2] M. Cherif Bassiouni, International Criminal Law, Transnational Publishers, New York, 2000, at p. 3

[3] Akhavan, P, “Justice in The Hague, Peace in Yugoslavia? A Commentary on the United Nations War Crimes Tribunal”, Human Rights Quarterly, Vol. 20, 1998, pp 738- 817, at p. 740

[4] S.C. Res. 827, at 1, U.N. Doc. S/RES/827 (May 25, 1993), available at http://www.un.org/Docs/scres/1993/scres93.htm retrieved on 1/November/2013

[5] M. Cherif Bassiouni, “Justice and Peace: The Importance of Choosing Accountability over Real Politik”, Case Western Reserve Journal International of Law, Vol. 35, 2003, pp. 187- 197, at p. 191

[6] Nation is a contested concept that refers to self- conscious community of people who differentiate themselves from others on the basis of one or several more shared and exclusive traits such as language, common history, culture, religion and/ or ancestry. Mark Beeson and Nick Bisley, Issues in 21st Century World Politics, Palgrave Macmillan, New York, 2010, at p. 109

[7] Mark A. Drumbl, “The Push to Criminalize Aggression: Something Lost Amid the Gains?”, Washington and Lee University - School of Law, Vol. 41, 2009, pp. 291- 319, at p. 311.

[8] Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Art. 21, GA. Res. 217 (III), UN Doc. A/810 (1984).

[9] Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, Nov. 4, 1950, 213 U.N.T.S. 221, 224 [hereinafter Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedom].

[10] The Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crimes against Genocide, 1948

[11] http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/nuremberg-trials retrieved on 30 April 2015.

[1] Universal Declaration of Human Rights, G.A.Res.217A, U.N. Doc .A / 810 (Dec.10.1948).

[2] International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights art. 25, Dec. 16, 1966, 999 U.N.T.S. 171.

[3] European Commission for Democracy Through Law (Venice Commission), Code of Good Practice in Electoral Matters , Eur. Parl. Doc. CDL – AD (2002) 023 (Oct. 30, 2002)

[4] African Charter on Democracy , Elections and Governance, art . 4, Jan. 30 , 2007, A.U. Doc. Assembly/AU/Dec. 147.

[5] Susan D. Hyde, The Pseudo – Democrat’s Dilemma: Why Election Monitoring Became an International Norm 12 (Cornell Univ. Press 2011).

[6] Indira Nehru Gandhi v. Raj Narain, (1975) 2 S.C.R. 347 (India).

[7] Association for Democratic Reforms v. Union of India, (2024) 3 S.C.R. 417 (India).

[8] People’s Union for Civil Liberties v. Union of India, (2003) 4 S.C.C. 399 (India).

[9] Nathan Brown, Egypt’s Failed Transition: The Constitutional and Political Challenges, 24 J. DEMOCRACY 58, 59 (2013).

IJLRA	N. Raj Kumar ; Kamble Shivadayal . "Design of Fault Tolerance Parallel FFT’s Using Xilinx 14.5v" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals Volume 5 Issue 8 2022 Page 1-6
IEEE	N. Raj Kumar ; Kamble Shivadayal . "Design of Fault Tolerance Parallel FFT’s Using Xilinx 14.5v" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, 5(8)

DE-DOLLARIZATION AND INTERNATIONALIZATION OF RUPEE: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS BY - DEEPALI PADHY

AN OVERVIEW OF LAWS GOVERNING THE BANKING SECTOR IN INDIA BY - ADV. DEVENDHU A P & ADV. A C ARJUN

CRITICAL STUDY OF USE OF FORENSIC SCIENCE IN INVESTIGATION OF OFFENCES BY - MR. SIDDHARTH NAGAR

REGULATORY FRAMEWORK AND TAXATION OF CRYPTOCURRENCY GAINS AND LOSSES IN INDIA: ANALYSING CURRENT LAWS AND FUTURE IMPLICATION BY - AISWARYA LAKSHMI JS

WHITHER THE LOOK EAST POLICY BY - RISHABH VYAS

A STUDY OF RIGHTS OF WOMEN IN INDIA BY - DR. RAJ KUMAR & MS. ITY VERMA

RIGHTS OF MIGRANT AND REFUGEES BY - SUSHANT RAI

ENVIRONMENT AND IHL BY - RONANKI PARIMALA

EVOLUTION OF INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURTS UNDER NUREMBERG TRIBUNAL BY- SAKSHI SHARMA

EXPLORING THE INTERSECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND ELECTION LAWS IN EMERGING DEMOCRACIES BY - NAFIZ NASRIN

LAW JOURNAL

IMPORTANT LINKS

ETHICS & POLICY

Citation

Citation

Citation

Citation

Citation

Citation

Citation

Citation

Citation

Citation

Citation 2