INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS

A SHIFT FROM CAVEAT EMPTOR TO CAVEAT VENDITOR BY - UMAR JAVED

Authors: UMAR JAVED

Registration ID : 108011 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8011

Year :June-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

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Email Id : rumarjawed2812@gmail.com

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IMAMUDIN V. STATE OF RAJASTHAN (2023 SCC ONLINE SC 782) BY - RIFA N

Authors : RIFA N

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EXPLORING THE SCOPE AND CHALLENGES OF RESTORATIVE JUSTICE IN INDIA BY - ARZOO KEDIA

Authors : ARZOO KEDIA

Registration ID : 108009 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8009

Year :June-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

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Email Id : arzoo.232891@hnlu.ac.in

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CHALLENGES FACED BY LABOR AND THE ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL LAW: IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGIZATION. BY - PIYUSH BHARTI, ILA GARG & PRACHI KUMARI

Authors : PIYUSH BHARTI, ILA GARG & PRACHI KUMARI

Registration ID : 108006 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8006, IJLRA8007 & IJLRA8008

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?NTERFACE BETWEEN THE GLOBAL TRADE AND ENV?RONMENTAL DEGRADAT?ON BY: CHHAVI BHARDWAJ

Authors : CHHAVI BHARDWAJ

Registration ID : 108005 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8005

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ENVIRONMENTAL CRIMES AND PROTECTION UNDER LAWS IN INDIA BY: THANMAI SREE THATHA

Authors : THANMAI SREE THATHA

Registration ID : 108004 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8004

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SUSTAINABILITY IN FOCUS: THE ROLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT BY - HARSH ENANIYA

Authors : HARSH ENANIYA

Registration ID : 108003 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8003

Year : May-2019 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

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Changing Legal Dynamics Of Marriage In India- A Forward Move BY- DR. SONALI ROY CHOUDHURY

Authors : DR. SONALI ROY CHOUDHURY

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AN ANALYSIS OF SEBI’S AMENDMENT ON ADVANCING MARKET ACCESSIBILITY: EMPOWERING ENTITIES THROUGH EXPANDED PROMOTER CONTRIBUTIONS AND CCS INCLUSION BY - GOURI MAHABALSHETTI

Authors : GOURI MAHABALSHETTI

Registration ID : 108001 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8001

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NEW EMERGING TRENDS OF CONTRACTS IN INDIA ISSUES AND CHALLENGES BY - ABHISHEK KAJLA & DR. KHALEEQ AHMAD

Authors : ABHISHEK KAJLA & DR. KHALEEQ AHMAD

Registration ID : 107999 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA7999 & IJLRA8000

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International journal for legal research and analysis

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[3] V. E. Jantzi, ‘Restorative Justice in New Zealand: Current Practise, Future Possibilities’ (2001)

[4] Joshua Mawere & Ndwamato Walter Tshamano, ‘The Role of African Indigenous Knowledge Systems in Achieving Restorative Justice among the Vhavenda of South Africa’ in Sanjeet Kumar(ed), Indigenous people-Traditional Practices and Modern Development (Intech Press 2024)

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[9] Jessica Pika, 'Honoring the Global Indigenous Roots of Restorative Justice: Potential Restorative Approaches for Child Welfare' (Center for the Study of Social Policy, 1 Novemebr 2019) <https://cssp.org/2019/11/honoring-the-global-indigenous-roots-of-restorative-justice/> accessed 25 June 2024.

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[25] Edna Erez & Pamela Tontodonato, ‘Victim Participation in Sentencing and Satisfaction with Justice’ (2006) 9 (3) Justice Quarterly

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[26]Colin Webster, ‘Conclusion: ‘There's One Law for the Rich and Another for the Poor’’, Rich Crime, Poor Crime: Inequality and the Rule of Law (Emerald Publishing Limited, 2023)

[27] Mary P. Koss, ‘Disposition and Treatment of Juvenile Sex Offenders from the Perspective of Restorative Justice’ in Howard E. Barbaree & William L. Marshall (eds), Juvenile Sex Offender (2nd edn, 2006).

[28] Howard Zeher, The little book of restorative justice (Good Books 2015)

[1] Sobhana K Nair, ‘Gig Workers’ Bill Races to Beat Election Season in Rajasthan’ The Hindu (7 October 2023) <https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/rajasthan-gig-workers-bill-races-against-time-with-impending-poll-date-announcement/article67393035.ece> accessed 7 January 2024.

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[6] ‘Statement by the OECD/G20 Inclusive Framework on BEPS on the Two-Pillar Approach to Address the Tax Challenges Arising from the Digitalisation of the Economy - OECD’ <https://www.oecd.org/tax/beps/statement-by-the-oecd-g20-inclusive-framework-on-beps.htm> accessed 7 January 2024.

[8] ‘Misclassification, the ABC Test, and Employee Status: The California Experience and Its Relevance to Current Policy Debates’ (Economic Policy Institute) <https://www.epi.org/publication/misclassification-the-abc-test-and-employee-status-the-california-experience-and-its-relevance-to-current-policy-debates/> accessed 7 January 2024.

[11] ‘ILO Centenary Declaration for the Future of Work, 2019’ <https://www.ilo.org/global/about-the-ilo/mission-and-objectives/centenary-declaration/lang--en/index.htm> accessed 7 January 2024.

[15] Alistair Walsh Walsh, ‘Saudi Arabia Grants Robot Citizenship – DW – 10/28/2017’ (dw.com) <https://www.dw.com/en/saudi-arabia-grants-citizenship-to-robot-sophia/a-41150856> accessed 11 September 2023.

[16] The Hindu Bureau, ‘Soundarya, Kannada’s First AI News Anchor Debuts on Power TV’ The Hindu (14 July 2023) <https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/soundarya-kannadas-first-ai-news-anchor-debuts-on-power-tv/article67079375.ece> accessed 11 September 2023.

[18] ‘Meet Lisa, India’s First AI Bot That Reads News in English, Odia’ (FE Tech Bytes, 10 July 2023) <https://www.financialexpress.com/life/technology-meet-lisa-indias-first-ai-bot-that-reads-news-in-english-odia-3163360/> accessed 11 September 2023.

[19] ‘EU AI Act: First Regulation on Artificial Intelligence | News | European Parliament’ (6 August 2023) <https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/headlines/society/20230601STO93804/eu-ai-act-first-regulation-on-artificial-intelligence> accessed 14 September 2023.

[20] ‘Global Push to Regulate AI, plus Other AI Stories This Month’ (World Economic Forum, 2 May 2023) <https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2023/05/top-story-plus-other-ai-stories-to-read-this-month/> accessed 14 September 2023.

[21] ‘EU AI Act: First Regulation on Artificial Intelligence | News | European Parliament’ (n 19).

[22] Theara Coleman published, ‘How Countries around the World Are Trying to Regulate Artificial Intelligence’ (theweek, 4 July 2023) <https://theweek.com/artificial-intelligence/1024605/ai-regulations-around-the-world> accessed 14 September 2023.

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[29] ‘Demand for Gig Workers Increased by 10 Times in 2022, Says Report’ <https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/demand-for-gig-work-increases-10-times-in-2022-says-taskmo-report-123011300914_1.html> accessed 7 January 2024.

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[33] Gordon H Hanson, ‘Local Labor Market Impacts of the Energy Transition: Prospects and Policies’ (National Bureau of Economic Research, January 2023) <https://www.nber.org/papers/w30871> accessed 3 January 2024.

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[1] P. Pandey History of Environmental Law July 28, 2021 Law Times Journal. In/history-of-environmental-law Aug 17, 2021 3:45 PM IST

[3] The Rise of Environmental Crime – A Growing Threat to Natural Resources Peace, Development and Security. A UNEP INTERPOL Rapid Response Assessment. United Environment Crimes 2016 Pdf. P-7

[4] Green-Collar Crime: Definition, Examples, & Punishment. (2017, October 22) As accessed from study.com/academy/lesson/green-collar-crime-definition-examples-punishment.html.

[5] R. Baghel Green Collar Crimes – A Crime against Environment and Wild life The International Journal of Law Management & Humanities Volume IV, Issue I, 2021 Doi. one/10.1732/IJLMH.25861

[6] A. Singh, Environmental criminal law: Is it the need of the hour in India? July 29, 2021

[7] Verma RK. Environmental Jurisprudence in India (Is People’s Attitude under Its Purview?). Indian Journal of Public Administration. 2019; 65(4):916-929. doi:10.1177/0019556119889210

[8] K.A.Emina Overview of Environmental Jurisprudence within Environmental Ethics Journal Pemikiran Ilmiah dan Pendelikon Administrasi Perkantoran Vol. 6, No. 1, January-June 2020, Page 53

[9] Blog by DTE Staff State of India’s environment: Environmental crime cases piling up, disposal slow Over 50,000 environment-related cases pending trial. To clear the backlog, courts will have to dispose of 137 cases every day February 24 2021www.downtoearth.org

[11] Dr. M. L. Kalicharan Environmental Crimes - Problems and Solution AIR 2012

[12] Akkhana, Crime Against Environment and Wildlife- A Crime against Humanity as accessed from www.legalserviceindia.com on Aug 26,2021 10:41 AM IST

[13] Verma RK. Environmental Jurisprudence in India (Is People’s Attitude under Its Purview?). Indian Journal of Public Administration. 2019;65 (4):916-929. doi:10.1177/0019556119889210

[15] Moti Lal v. Central Bureau of Investigation, AIR 2002 SC 1691; Sansar Chand v. State of Rajasthan, (2010) 10 SCC 604; Manoj Kumar Upadhyaya v. State of Andhra Pradesh, Cr. Appeal No. 1316/2008.

[16] UNICRI, Environmental Crimes, available at – http://www.unicri.it/topics/environmental (last visited on Mar. 11, 2021).

[17] Bindu Shajan Perappadan, 1.7 million deaths were attributable to air pollution in India in 2019, THE HINDU (Dec. 22, 2020) available at https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/17-million-deaths-in-india-wereattributable-to-air-pollution-in-2019)

[18] Environmental Impact Agency, ENVIRONMENTAL CRIME: A THREAT TO FUTURE (2008) available at – https://www.unodc.org/documents/NGO/EIA_Ecocrime_report_0908_final_draft_low.pdf (last visited on Mar. 11, 2021).

[19] Richard Hofrichter, Introduction in TOXIC STRUGGLES: THE THEORY AND PRACTICE OF ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE, 9 (1993).

[20] First National People of Color Environmental Leadership Summit, Principles of Environmental Justice (1991), available at – http://www.ejnet.org/ej/principles.pdf.

[21] State of Tamil Nadu v. Hind Store, AIR 1981 SC 711; see also Rural Litigation and Entitle Ji: at Kendra v. State ofUttar Pordesh, AIR 1987 SC 359

[22] M.C.Mehta v. Union of India, AIR 1988 SC 1037. See also Bhavani River v. Sakthi Sugar Limited AIR 1998 SC 2059

[23] M.C. Mehta v. Union of India, AIR 1998 SC 2963

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[25] Rural Litigation and Entitlement Kendra, Dehradun V. State of U.P., AIR 1988 SC 1037

[26] M.C.Mehta v. Union of India, AIR 1997 SC 734; see also M.C.Mehta v. Union of India, AIR 1999 S.C. 3192.

[27] M.C.Mehta v. Union of India, (2001), 9 SCC 520

[28] Rural Litigation & Entitlement Kendra v. Slate of U.P., AIR 1985 SC 652; see also AIR 1988 SC

[29] Murli S. Deora v. Union of India (2001) 3 SCC 765

[31] Dr. B.L Wadehra v. Union of India, AIR 1996 SC 2969

[32] M.C. Mehta v. Union of India, AIR 1987 SC 1086

[34] M.C.Mehta v. Union of India 1996 (4) SCC 351

[36] WRIT PETITION (C) No. 967 of 1989 1996 AIR 1446

[1] See, A. Rosencranz et al.. Environmental Law and Policy in India: Cases. Materials & Statutes

(1992).

[2] See, P. Harrison, The Greening of Africa (1987).

[3] P. Wathern, Environmental Impact Assessment (1988).

[4] B. Barett and R. Therivel, Environmental Policy and Impact Assessment in Japan (1991).

[5] T.P. Coles et ai., Environmental Assessment: Experiences in UK. (Paper presented at first membership conference. Institute of Environmental Assessment. Birmingham) (1992).

[6] R. Therivel. Directory of Environmental Statements 1988-1991 (1991).

[7] R. Therivel et al., Strategic Environmental Assessment (1992).

[8] R. Bisset and P. Tomlinson. Monitoring and Auditing of Impacts in P. Wathem (Ed.) Environmental Impact Assessment (1988).

[9] F.A. Rossini and AL Porter, Why Impact Assessment? in F.A. Rossini and A.L. Porter (Eds.) Integrated Impact Assessment (1983).

[10] S.M. Hirst, Applied Ecology and the Real World 18, 189-213 (1984).

[11] A.Y. Whyte and 1. Burton (Eds.) Environmental Risk Assessment (1980). John Wiley, Analysing Technological Risks in Federal Regulatory Agencies in M.E. Kraft & N.S. Yig. (Eds.) Technology & Politics 184-207 (1988).

[12] L. Graham Smith, Impact Assessment and Sustainable Resource Management, Themes in Resource Management (1993).

[13] A.P. Grima et al. (Eds.) Risk Perspectives on Environmental Impact Assessment (1989).

[14] Clark et al. (Eds.) The Role of Environmental Impact Assessment in the Planning Process (1988).

[15] L.K. Caldwell, Environmental Impact Analysis (ElA). Origins, Evolution and Future Directions, Impact Assessment Bulletin 6, 75-83 (1988).

[17] R. Therivel et al., Strategic Environmental Assessment (1992).

[18] T. Montgomery, An Introduction to the Concept of Tiered Environmental Assessment (1990).

[19] U.S. Council on Environmental Quality Regulations for Implementing the Procedural Provisions of the National Environmental Policy Act 40 (1978).

[20] C. Contant and L. Wiggens, Defining and Analysing Cumulative Environmental Impacts: Environmental Impact Assessment Review 11(4), 297-309 (1991): Montgomery, supra n. 18.

[22] For example, see, The California Environmental Quality Act, State of California (1986).

[23] See, for example, UNESCAP Environmental Impact Assessment: Guidelinl!s for Planners and Decision Makers, UN Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (1985).

[24] Raymond F. Mikesell, Economic Development and the Environment - A Comparison of Sustainable Development with Conventional Development Economics 96-97 (1992).

[1] ed. Marvin B. Sussman and Suzanne K. Steinmet, Handbook of Marriage and the Family, Plenum Press, Review Paperbacks, ? Springer, 2nd edition 1999.

[2]Available at: http://www.avsrinivasan.com/?page_id=93, last accessed on 1^stJanuary 2018.

[3] H.T. Mazumdar, Grammar of Sociology, Asia Publishing House 1966, pp502.

[4] George Andrew Lundberg, Sociology, Harper and Brothers, New York, 1958, pp133.

[5] Vinogradoff, Grammar of Sociology, Asia Publishing House, 1966, pp 502.

[7] Anita Desai, 1982. Where Shall We Go This Summer? New Delhi: Orient, pp.139.

[8] Coontz, S. Marriage, A History: From Obedience to Intimacy or How Love Conquered Marriage, New York, 2005.

[9]H.Fisher, Why We love: The Nature and Chemistry of Romantic Love. Henry Holt & Co. New York, 2004.

[10] Manu Smriti, ix. 96; citated in Dr. Paras Diwan on Hindu law- 2nd edn. 2005, p.547, Orient Publishing Company, Allahabad.

[12] Manu Smritis IX- 101, available at: http://www.hindubooks.org/manusmriti.pdf , (verse 3.21 relates to type of marriages) last accessed on 11^thApril, 2017.

[14] Renowned Sanskrit scholar of 20^th Century who wrote and translated several ancient books

[16] Manu Smritis IX- 101, available at: http://www.hindubooks.org/manusmriti.pdf , last accessed on 8^th April 2017.

[17] Joseph Shine v. Union of India, 2018 SCC OnLine SC 1676.

[19] Recently a Bollywood celebrity and former Miss Asia Pacific Dia Mirza got married, where she arranged female priest to do the rituals.

[20] J Cadwell, “The causes of marriage change in South India,” Population Studies 3 (1992) pp 343-361.

[21] Jones, G. (2010). Post-traumatic stress disorder among battered women: Risk and resiliency factors, J Marriage and Family, 8:17-28.

[23] Reddy, V. Marriages in India-A Psycho-sociological Study. The Academic Press. Haryana, 1982.

[24] Goody, J. and Tambiah, Bride wealth and Dowry. Cambridge University Press, 1973.

[25] Allen B. and Grow M, Anatomy of Love: The Natural History of Monogamy, Adultery, and Divorce. Simon & Schuster, New York,2001.

[26] K.M Kapadia, Marriage and family in India, Oxford University Press, 1982.

[27]Miher, ‘Status relations in South Asian marriage alliances: Toward a general theory’, Contributions to Indian Sociology (NS) 22: 145-69, 1988.

[29]Harvinder Kaur v. Harmander Singh AIR 1984 Del. 66.

[30]Saroj Rani v. Sudarshan Kumar AIR 1984, SC, 1652.

[36] (1966) 2 ALL.ER 257, In this case, Lord Denning MR, Davis L.J. and Salmon LJ. Decided that the husband’s refusal to sexual intercourse over a long period without excuse, which is causing injury to his wife’s health, amounted to cruelty.

[40]Husband or relative of husband of a woman subjecting her to cruelty — Whoever, being the husband or the relative of the husband of a woman, subjects such woman to cruelty shall be punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend to three years and shall also be liable to fine.

Explanation. — For this section, “cruelty” means—

(a) any wilful conduct which is of such a nature as is likely to drive the woman to commit suicide or to cause grave injury or danger to life, limb or health (whether mental or physical) of the woman; or

(b) harassment of the woman where such harassment is with a view to coercing her or any person related to her to meet any unlawful demand for any property or valuable security or is on account of failure by her or any person related to her to meet such demand.

[43]Joseph Shine v. Union of India, 2018 SCC Online SC 1676.

[44] S. Khushboo v. Kanniammal, (2010) 5 SCC 600 (2010) 2 SCC (Cri) 1299, Para 41.

[45] Live-in Relationship: Recent Development and Challenges in India by Dr. Kalpana V. Jawale, available at: http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2046460 , last accessed on 9^th February 2018.

[46] (2006) 5 SCC 475: (2006) 2 SCC (Cri) 478: AIR 2006 SC 2522, Para 17.

[47] (2010) 10 SCC 469: (2011) 1 SCC (Cri) 59: (2010) 4 SCC (Civ) 223.

[51] (2010) 10 SCC 469: (2011) 1 SCC (Cri) 59: (2010) 4 SCC (Civ) 223.

[53] (2011) 1 SCC 141: (2011) 2 SCC (Cri) 666: (2011) 1 SCC (Civ), Para 24.

[54] Shayra Bano vs. Union of India WP C No. 118 of 2016.

[56] Section 3 - Any pronouncement of talaq by a Muslim husband upon his wife, by words, either spoken or written or in electronic form or in any other manner whatsoever, shall be void and illegal.

Section 4- Any Muslim husband who pronounces talaq referred to in section 3 upon his wife shall be punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend to three years, and shall also be liable to fine.

[59]Available at: https://docplayer.net/184755179-Social-values-and-society-svs-doi.html, Kittredge, G.L. Chaucer’s Discussion of Marriage in The Mercantile Tales (www. Luminarium.org) last accessed on 13^thApril, 2018.

[6] Yash J Ashar and Gokul Rajan, “Recommendations on Changes to SEBI ICDR Regulations for Ease of Doing Business – Missing the Point”, Cyril Amarchand Mangaldas, 18.01.2024

[10] Ravi Dubey Arjun Dabola, “Summary of Key Amendments to the SEBI ICDR Regulations”, Infolex Newsalert, May 2024

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[10] Mahendra Nath Yadav v. Sheela Devi AIRONLINE 2010 SC 312 (India)

[24] 2020 (2) SCC 474 (India)

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