INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS

CROSSROADS OF CONTENTION: INDIA AND PAKISTAN AT THE INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE BY - UTKARSH PANDEY & MANSI

Authors : UTKARSH PANDEY & MANSI

Registration ID : 106609 Published Paper ID: IJLRA6609 & IJLRA6610

Year : Jan-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : professionalutkarsh96@gmail.com & Mansi.jjs@gmail.com

Page No :21 | No of times Downloads: 0065

Doi Link: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/01.2024-79478828/CROSSROADS OF CONTENTION: INDIA AND PAKISTAN AT TH

ICO REVOLUTION: RETHINKING VENTURE CAPITAL APPROACHES IN THE CRYPTO AGE BY - M.V.I. KHADRI

Authors : M.V.I. KHADRI

Registration ID : 106608 Published Paper ID: IJLRA6608

Year : Jan-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : khadrimohammed7864@gmail.com

Page No : 15 | No of times Downloads: 0065

Doi Link: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/01.2024-35641475/ICO REVOLUTION: RETHINKING VENTURE CAPITAL APPROAC

COPYRIGHT IN THE DIGITAL AGE: CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS BY - MS. SRISHTI SINGHAL

Authors : MS. SRISHTI SINGHAL

Registration ID : 106607 Published Paper ID: IJLRA6607

Year : Jan-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : srishtisinghal7000@gmail.com

Page No :11 | No of times Downloads: 0065

Doi Link: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/01.2024-89874744/COPYRIGHT IN THE DIGITAL AGE: CHALLENGES AND SOLUT

A CRITIQUE ON PROTECTION GRANTED TO TRADITIONAL HANDICRAFTS BY GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATION OF GOODS ACT, 1999 BY - DHANAVARSHENE V

Authors : DHANAVARSHENE V

Registration ID : 106606 Published Paper ID: IJLRA6606

Year : Jan-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : varshenekumar@gmail.com

Page No :15 | No of times Downloads: 0065

Doi Link: ttps://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/01.2024-26499837/A CRITIQUE ON PROTECTION GRANTED TO TRADITIONAL HA

FREE CONSENT BY - MOHD YASIN & ISHITA SINGH

Authors : MOHD YASIN & ISHITA SINGH

Registration ID : 106605 Published Paper ID: IJLRA6605 & IJLRA6611

Year : Jan-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : Mohd.20gsol1030080@galgotiasuniversity.edu.in

Page No :08 | No of times Downloads: 0065

Doi Link: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/01.2024-37395954/FREE CONSENT

E-COMMERCE DISPUTES AND JURISDICTIONAL CHALLENGES BY - SRUTHI SEKHAR

Authors : SRUTHI SEKHAR

Registration ID : 106604 Published Paper ID: IJLRA6604

Year : Jan-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : sruthisekhar2000@gmail.com

Page No :15 | No of times Downloads: 0065

Doi Link: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/01.2024-45361666/E-COMMERCE DISPUTES AND JURISDICTIONAL CHALLENGES

AN INTRODUCTION TO INTERNATIONAL LAW JURISPRUDENCE AND PRINCIPLES OF GLOBAL JUSTICE BY - ANNIE WILSON

Authors : ANNIE WILSON

Registration ID : 106603 Published Paper ID: IJLRA6603

Year : Jan-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : annieadvocatein@gmail.com

Page No :19 | No of times Downloads: 0065

Doi Link: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/01.2024-56334727/AN INTRODUCTION TO INTERNATIONAL LAW JURISPRUDENCE

OPTIMIZING LEADERSHIP IN ORGANIZATIONAL CONFLICT BY: ISHAAN DEEPAK JOSHI

Authors : ISHAAN DEEPAK JOSHI

Registration ID : 106602 Published Paper ID: IJLRA6602

Year : Jan-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : researcher.idjlaw@gmail.com

Page No :16 | No of times Downloads: 0065

Doi Link: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/01.2024-94131159/OPTIMIZING LEADERSHIP IN ORGANIZATIONAL CONFLICT

EXPLORING THE LEGISLATIVE INTENT AND IMPLICATIONS OF REDUCING THE MINIMUM SUIT VALUE IN THE INDIAN COMMERCIAL COURTS BY - ARK SHARMA

Authors : ARK SHARMA

Registration ID : 106601 Published Paper ID: IJLRA6601

Year : Jan-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : arkosharma13@gmail.com

Page No :13 | No of times Downloads: 0065

Doi Link: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/01.2024-75666234/EXPLORING THE LEGISLATIVE INTENT AND IMPLICATIONS

SEDITION; AN ARBITRARY ARTICLE; STATUS BEFORE AND AFTER THE BNS BILL BY: KASHISH KHANNA

Authors : KASHISH KHANNA

Registration ID : 106600 Published Paper ID: IJLRA6600

Year : Jan-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : kashishkhanna4442@gmail.com

Page No :14 | No of times Downloads: 0065

Doi Link: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/01.2024-99454523/SEDITION; AN ARBITRARY ARTICLE; STATUS BEFORE AND

International journal for legal research and analysis

Abbreviation:IJLRA

ISSN:2582-6433

Website:https://www.ijlra.com/

Accessibility:Open Access

License:Creative Commons 4.0

Submit Manuscript:Click here

Licensing:

All research articles published INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS are fully open access. i.e. immediately freely available to read, download and share. Articles are published under the terms of a Creative Commons license which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Disclaimer:

The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors. They do not purport to reflect the opinions or views of the INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS or its members. The designations employed in this publication and the presentation of material therein do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS

[2] Judicial Magistrate First Class, Rajmahal, Sahibgunj, Jharkhand Judicial Services

^{^[3]} Nagendra Singh, “International Court of Justice – Watchman of the World Peace and Order” (18 October 1970) 87

^{^[4]} Rosenne’s Law and Practice, Vol. I, Chapter 1, para. I.4.

^{^[5]} Designation of Workers’ Delegate for the Netherlands at the Third Session of the International Labour Conference, Advisory Opinion (31^st of July 1922) PCIJ.

^{^[7]} Article 43 of the Statute of the International Court of Justice.

^{^[8]} Article 39 of the Statute of the International Court of Justice.

^{^[9]} Leo Gross, ‘The International Court of justice: Consideration of Requirements for Enhancing its Role in the International Legal Order’, AJIL, Vol.65(1971) p.281.

^{^[11]} Aricles 4 and 5 of the ICJ statute. In practice, governments exercise a major influence upon the nomination process of the national groups. Merrills, International Dispute Settlement, p. 134

^{^[15]} Territorial and Maritime Dispute (Nicaragua vs. Colombia), Judgement, 19^th November 2012. Available at https://www.icj-cij.org/en/case/124 accessed on 25/03/2021 at 02:04 PM.

^{^[16]} Article 39 of the Statute: The official languages of the ICJ are English and French.

^{^[17]} Nicaragua chose Mr. Gilbert Guillaune – France; Dispute regarding Navigational and Related Rights (Costa Rice vs. Nicaragua), Judgment, I.C.J. Reports 2009, p. 213 https://www.icj-cij.org/en/case/133 accessed on 25/03/2021 at 02:04 PM.

^{^[18]} Bahrain chose Mr. Yves Fortier; Maritime Delimitation and Territorial Questions between Qatar and Bahrain, Merits, Judgement, I.C.J. Reports 2001, p. 46 https://www.icj-cij.org/en/case/87 accessed on 25/03/2021 at 02:04 PM.

^{^[19]} Professors Pellet, Crawford, Kohen, Brownlie and Abi-Saab.

^{^[24]} United Kingdom vs Albania, 1948 available at https://www.icj-cij.org/en/case/1 accessed on 25/03/2021 at 02:04 PM.

^{^[27]} Available at - https://www.icj-cij.org/en/case/32 accessed on 25/03/2021 at 02:04 PM.

^{^[28]} Available at -https://www.icj-cij.org/en/case/54 accessed on 25/03/2021 at 02:04 PM.

^{^[29]} Available at -https://www.icj-cij.org/en/case/60 accessed on 25/03/2021 at 02:04 PM.

^{^[32]} Kulbhushan Yadav, alias (alleged- Hussain Mubarak Patel), “What the ICJ had to say in the Kulbhushan Yadav Case”, The Wire on 18 July 2019 available at https://thewire.in/law/full-text-kulbhushan-jadhav-icj-judgment accessed on 25/03/2021 at 02:04 PM.

^{^[33]} Salman Masood (29 March 2016) “Pakistan releases Video of Indian Officer, saying that he’s a spy”. The New York Times on 30 March 2016, available at https://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/30/world/asia/pakistan-releases-video-of-indian-officer-saying-hes-a-spy.html accessed on 25/03/2021 at 02:04 PM.

^{^[34]} “Pakistan claims arrest of ‘RAW Agent’ in Balochistan. What happens next” The Wire on 27 March 2016 available https://thewire.in/diplomacy/pakistan-claims-arrest-of-raw-agent-in-balochistan-what-happens-next at accessed on 25/03/2021 at 02:04 PM.

^{^[35]} Press Release, International Court of Justice on 9 May 2017 available at https://www.icj-cij.org/files/case-related/168/19420.pdf accessed on 25/03/2021 at 02:04 PM.

^{^[36]} Article 36 (1) (b): “With a view to facilitating the exercise of consular functions relating to nationals of the sending State:

(a)…

(b) if he so requests, the competent authorities of the receiving State shall, without delay, inform the consular post of the sending State if, within its consular district, a national of that State is arrested or committed to prison or to custody pending trial or is detained in any other manner. Any communication addressed to the consular post by the person arrested, in prison, custody or detention shall be forwarded by the said authorities without delay. The said authorities shall inform the person concerned without delay of his rights under this subparagraph;”

^{^[37]} Article 14 of the ICCPR reads: “All persons shall be equal before the courts and tribunals:

1. In the determination of any criminal charge against him, or of his rights and obligations in a suit at law, everyone shall be entitled to a fair and public hearing by a competent, independent and impartial tribunal established by law. The Press and the public may be excluded from all or part of a trial for reasons of morals, public order or national security in a democratic society, or when the interest of the private lives of the parties so requires, or to the extent strictly necessary in the opinion of the court in special circumstances where publicity would prejudice the interests of justice; but any judgement rendered in a criminal case or in a suit at law shall be made public except where the interest of juvenile persons otherwise requires or the proceedings concern matrimonial disputes or the guardianship of children.

2. Everyone charged with a criminal offence shall have the right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty according to law.

3. In the determination of any criminal charge against him, everyone shall be entitled to the following minimum guarantees, in full equality:

(a) To be informed promptly and in detail in a language which he understands of the nature and cause of the charge against him;

(b) To have adequate time and facilities for the preparation of his defense and to communicate with counsel of his own choosing;

(d) To be tried in his presence, and to defend himself in person or through legal assistance of his own choosing; to be informed, if he does not have legal assistance, of this right; and to have legal assistance assigned to him, in any case where the interests of justice so require, and without payment by him in any such case if he does not have sufficient means to pay for it;

(e) To examine, or have examined, the witnesses against him and to obtain the attendance and examination of witnesses on his behalf under the same conditions as witnesses against him;

(f) To have the free assistance of an interpreter if he cannot understand or speak the language used in court;

(g) Not to be compelled to testify against himself or to confess guilt.

4. In the case of juvenile persons, the procedure shall be such as will take account of their age and the desirability of promoting their rehabilitation.

5. Everyone convicted of a crime shall have the right to his conviction and sentence being reviewed by a higher tribunal according to law.

6. When a person has by a final decision been convicted of a criminal offence and when subsequently his conviction has been reversed or he has been pardoned on the ground that a new or newly discovered fact shows conclusively that there has been a miscarriage of justice, the person who has suffered punishment as a result of such conviction shall be compensated according to law, unless it is proved that the non-disclosure of the unknown fact in time is wholly or partly attributable to him.

7. No one shall be liable to be tried or punished again for an offence for which he has already been finally convicted or acquitted in accordance with the law and penal procedure of each country.”

^{^[39]} “India, Pakistan ink deal on consular access for prisoners” India Today on 21 May 2008, available at https://www.indiatoday.in/latest-headlines/story/india-pakistan-ink-deal-on-consular-access-for-prisoners-25525-2008-05-21 accessed on 25/03/2021 at 02:04 PM.

^{^[40]} Press release, International Court of Justice on 18 May 2017, available at https://www.icj-cij.org/files/case-related/168/19440.pdf accessed on 25/03/2021 at 02:04 PM.

^{^[41]} Article 1 of OP-VCCR reads: “Disputes arising out of the interpretation or application of the Convention shall lie within the compulsory jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice and may accordingly be brought before the Court by an application made by any party to the dispute being a Party to the present Protocol”

^{^[42]} Article 2(1) reads: “The Organization is based on the principle of the sovereign equality of all its Members.”

^{^[44]} “The Kulbhushan Jadhav Verdict: A certain win, with uncertain outcomes” Observer Research Foundation on 19 July 2019 available at https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/the-kulbhushan-jadhav-verdict-a-certain-win-with-uncertain-outcomes-53188/ accessed on 25/03/2021 at 02:04 PM.

^{^[45]} “Kulbhushan Jadhav was under pressure to parrot false Pakistani narrative : India after consular meet” India Today on 3 September 2019 available at https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/kulbhushan-jadhav-was-under-pressure-to-parrot-false-pakistani-narrative-india-after-consular-meet-1594608-2019-09-02 accessed on 25/03/2021 at 02:04 PM.

[1] Shaanan Cohney et al., Coin-Operated Capitalism (Dec. 17, 2023), COLUMBIA LAW REVIEW, https://ssrn.com/abstract=3215345.

[2] Andrea Minto et al., Separating apples from oranges: identifying threats to financial stability originating from FinTech 12(4), CAPITAL MARKETS LAW JOURNAL 428, 462 (2017).

[3] Julia Khort, Protection of Private Equity Fund Investors in the EU, 12 EUR. CO. L. 97 (2015). https://www.jur.uu.se/digitalAssets/585/c_585476-l_3-k_wps2014-6.pdf

[4] ‘The SAFT Project’, https://saftproject.com/ (last accessed Dec. 26, 2023).

[5] Lauren Rhue, Trust is All You Need: An Empirical Exploration of Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs) and ICO Reputation Scores, SSRN (Dec. 16, 2023), https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3179723.

[1] SRISHTI SINGHAL, Assistant Professor of Law at IIMT University, Meerut

[2]Thirumagal Jayaram, GI tags protecting the tradition and cultural heritage of Indian products, Caeidoscope, (Sept 30, 2023, 8:15 AM) https://www.caleidoscope.in/art-culture/geographical-indication-tags-indian-traditional-crafts

[3] Dr. Krishna Kishor Trivedi, Impact Of Geographical Indication Tags On Handicraft Industry Of Rajasthan, JCREVIEW, (Sept 30, 2023, 10:40 AM) https://www.jcreview.com/admin/Uploads/Files/623d27c6f118d4.22003146.pdf

[4] Sunil Sudhakar Varnekar and Dr. Upankar Chutia, Geographical indication and handicrafts: A critique, International Journal of Civil Law and Legal Research, (Sept 30, 2023, 6:40 PM), https://www.civillawjournal.com/article/37/2-2-8-463.pdf

[5] Dr. Krishna Kishor Trivedi, Impact Of Geographical Indication Tags On Handicraft Industry Of Rajasthan, JCREVIEW, (Oct 1, 2023, 6.30 AM) https://www.jcreview.com/admin/Uploads/Files/623d27c6f118d4.22003146.pdf

[6] N.Lalitha and Sowmya Vijayan, Infringement in GI protected products: How do we protect the producers and consumers, (Oct 1, 2023, 7.30 AM) https://gidr.ac.in/pdf/wp-256-3248.pdf

[9] An exploratory study into the problems and prospects of bidriware, Ramaih Intellectual Property Law, (Oct 1, 2023, 6.30 PM), https://vtpc.karnataka.gov.in/storage/pdf-files/BIDRIWARE%20STUDY%20REPORT.pdf

[1] Ben Kazinik, The History of eCommerce - How it All Started, Mayple (Oct. 9, 2023), https://www.mayple.com/blog/history-of-ecommerce.

[3] Katsh, Ethan. "Online dispute resolution: Some lessons from the e-commerce revolution." Northern Kentucky Law Review, Vol., pp. [1-10] (2001). Available at: https://heinonline.org/ (last visited Oct 10, 2023)

[4] Raunak Kurani, "Jurisdictional Issues Relating to E-Commerce Law in India," Asia Pacific Law & Policy Review 6 (APLPR) 71, [6-8] (2020).

[5] Sachin Mishra, Determining Jurisdiction over E-Commerce disputes in India, http://docs.manupatra.in/newsline/articles/upload/FE4BA350-DBEF-49DA-97D4-09E54ED8B813.pdf,pg 10-15, 25^th October 2023

[1] Cecil J. B. Hurst. “The Nature of International Law and the Reason Why It Is Binding on States.” Transactions of the Grotius Society, vol. 30, 1944, pp. 119–27. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/743203. Accessed 27 Oct. 2023.

[2] Scott, James Brown. “The Legal Nature of International Law.” The American Journal of International Law, vol. 1, no. 4, 1907, pp. 831–66. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.2307/2186495. Accessed 27 Oct. 2023.

[3] W. W. Willoughby. “The Legal Nature of International Law.” The American Journal of International Law, vol. 2, no. 2, 1908, pp. 357–65. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.2307/2186596. Accessed 27 Oct. 2023.

[4] Foulke, Roland R. “Definition and Nature of International Law.” Columbia Law Review, vol. 19, no. 6, 1919, pp. 429–66. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.2307/1111587. Accessed 27 Oct. 2023.

[5] Sherman, Gordon E. “The Nature and Sources of International Law.” The American Journal of International Law, vol. 15, no. 3, 1921, pp. 349–60. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.2307/2187996. Accessed 27 Oct. 2023.

[6] Nardin, Terry. “Theorising the International Rule of Law.” Review of International Studies, vol. 34, no. 3, 2008, pp. 385–401. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/40212481. Accessed 7 Nov. 2023.

[7] Green, L. C. “The Nature of International Law.” The University of Toronto Law Journal, vol. 14, no. 2, 1962, pp. 176–93. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.2307/825321. Accessed 27 Oct. 2023.

[8] “The Classics of International Law.” The American Journal of International Law, vol. 3, no. 3, 1909, pp. 701–07. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.2307/2186697. Accessed 7 Nov. 2023.

[9] Kunz, Josef L. “The Nature of Customary International Law.” The American Journal of International Law, vol. 47, no. 4, 1953, pp. 662–69. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.2307/2194914. Accessed 27 Oct. 2023.

[10] Andrew T. Guzman. “Rethinking International Law as Law.” Proceedings of the Annual Meeting (American Society of International Law), vol. 103, 2009, pp. 155–57. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5305/procannmeetasil.103.1.0155. Accessed 27 Oct. 2023.

[11] Elias, Olufemi. “The Nature of the Subjective Element in Customary International Law.” The International and Comparative Law Quarterly, vol. 44, no. 3, 1995, pp. 501–20. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/761200. Accessed 27 Oct. 2023.

[12] Grant, John P. “NATURE AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL LAW.” International Law Essentials, Edinburgh University Press, 2010, pp. 1–10. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.3366/j.ctt1g0b3rw.6. Accessed 27 Oct. 2023.

[13] Mc Whinney, Edward. “Contemporary International Law and Law-Making.” International Journal, vol. 40, no. 3, 1985, pp. 397–422. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.2307/40202244. Accessed 7 Nov. 2023.

[14] Hall, Stephen. “Researching International Law.” Research Methods for Law, edited by Mike McConville and Wing Hong Chui, Edinburgh University Press, 2017, pp. 253–79. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.3366/j.ctt1g0b16n.16. Accessed 27 Oct. 2023.

[15] JACKSON, JOHN H. “Changing Fundamentals of International Law and International Economic Law.” Archiv Des Völkerrechts, vol. 41, no. 4, 2003, pp. 435–48. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/40800071. Accessed 7 Nov. 2023.

[16] Jennings, R. Y. “The Judiciary, International and National, and the Development of International Law.” The International and Comparative Law Quarterly, vol. 45, no. 1, 1996, pp. 1–12. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/761066. Accessed 7 Nov. 2023.

[17] Wilk, Kurt. “International Law and Global Ideological Conflict: Reflections on the Universality of International Law.” The American Journal of International Law, vol. 45, no. 4, 1951, pp. 648–70. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.2307/2194247. Accessed 7 Nov. 2023.

[19] Sohn, Louis B. “Equity in International Law.” Proceedings of the Annual Meeting (American Society of International Law), vol. 82, 1988, pp. 277–91. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/25658429. Accessed 7 Nov. 2023.

[20] Boisen, Camilla. “Subjecting International Relations to the Law of Nature: A Neglected Aspect of the Early Modern Jurists and Edmund Burke.” Theoria: A Journal of Social and Political Theory, vol. 60, no. 134, 2013, pp. 69–90. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/42705249. Accessed 7 Nov. 2023.

[21] Falk, Richard. “THE ROLE OF THE INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE.” Journal of International Affairs, vol. 37, no. 2, 1984, pp. 253–68. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/24356929. Accessed 7 Nov. 2023.

[22] Ratner, Steven R. “International Law: The Trials of Global Norms.” Foreign Policy, no. 110, 1998, pp. 65–80. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.2307/1149277. Accessed 7 Nov. 2023.

[23] Kaye, David A. “Global Support for International Justice.” Justice Beyond The Hague: Supporting the Prosecution of International Crimes in National Courts, Council on Foreign Relations, 2011, pp. 17–21. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/resrep05756.8. Accessed 7 Nov. 2023.

[1] Thompson, Leigh & Kim, Peter H. 2000. How the quality of third parties' settlement solutions is affected by the relationship between negotiators. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 6(1): 3-14.

[2] Babcock, Linda & Loewenstein, George. 1997. Explaining bargaining impasse: The Role of self-serving biases. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 11(1), 109-126.

[3] Tyler, Tom R. 1986. Procedural justice in organizations. In R. J. Lewicki, B. H. Sheppard & M. H. Bazerman (Eds.)., Research on negotiation in organizations. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.

[4] Babcock, Linda, Loewenstein, George, Issacharoff, S. & Camerer, Colin. 1995. Biased judgments of fairness in bargaining. American Economic Review, 85(5), 1337-1343.

[5] Babcock, Linda, Wang, X.H. & Loewenstein, George. 1996. Choosing the wrong pond: Social comparisons in negotiations that reflect a self-serving bias. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 111(1): 1-19.

[6] Thibaut, J. & Walker, L. 1975. Procedural justice: A Psychological analysis. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

[7] Beer, Jennifer E. & Stief, Eileen. 1997. The Mediator's handbook. Gabriola Island, British Columbia: New Society Publishers.

[8] Sheppard, Blair H., Saunders, David M. & Minton, John W. 1988. Procedural justice from the third-party perspective. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54(4): 629-637.

[9] Brett, Jeanne M. & Goldberg, Stephen B. 1983. Grievance mediation in the coal industry: A Field experiment. Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 37:49-69.

[10] Sheppard, Blair H. 1984. Third party conflict intervention: A Procedural framework. In B. M. Staw & L. L. Cummings (Eds.), Research in organizational behavior. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.

[11] Burns, James MacGregor. 1978. Leadership. New York: Harper & Row.

[12] Shapiro, Debra L. & Brett, Jeanne M. 1993. Comparing three processes underlying judgments of procedural justice: A Field study of mediation and arbitration. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65(6): 1167-1177.

[13] Carnevale, P.J. 1986. Mediating disputes and decisions in organizations. In M. Bazerman, R. Lewicki & B. Sheppard (Eds.). Research on negotiation in organizations. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.

[14] Selznick, P. 1957. Leadership in administration. Evanston: Row, Peterson.

[15] Conlon, Donald E. 1988. The Mediation-intravention discussion: Toward an integrative perspective. Negotiation Journal, 2: 143-148.

[16] Sander, Frank E. A. & Goldberg, Stephen B. 1994. Fitting the forum to the fuss: A User-friendly guide to selecting an ADR procedure. Negotiation Journal, 10(1): 49-67.

[17] Conlon, Donald E., Carnevale, Peter J. & Murnighan, J. Keith. 1994. Intravention: Third-party intervention with clout. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 57: 387-410.

[18] Ross, William H. & Conlon, Donald E. 2000. Hybrid forms of third-party dispute resolution: Theoretical implications of combining mediation and arbitration. Academy of Management Review, 25(2): 416-427.

[19] Conlon, Donald E., Carnevale, Peter J. & Ross, William H. 1994. The Influence of third party power and suggestions on negotiation: The Surface value of a compromise. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 24(12): 1084-1113.

[20] Conlon, Donald E. & Ross, William H. 1992. Influence of movement toward agreement and third party intervention on negotiator fairness judgments. The International Journal of Conflict Management, 3(3): 207-221.

[21] Raiffa, Howard. 1982. The Art and science of negotiation. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. __________. 1983. Mediation of conflicts. American Behavioral Scientist, 27(2): 195-210.

[22] Duffy, Karen, Grosch, James & Olczak, Paul. (Eds.). 1991. Community mediation: A Handbook for practitioners and researchers. New York: The Guilford Press.

[23] Pruitt, Dean G. & Rubin, Jeffrey Z. 1986. The Intervention of third parties. In Social conflict: Escalation, stalemate, and settlement. New York: Random House. __________. 1986b. Social conflict: Escalation, stalemate and settlement. New York: Random House.

[24] Gardner, John W. 1990. On leadership. New York: The Free Press.

[25] Pruitt, Dean G., Peirce, Robert S., McGillicuddy, Neil B. & Welton, Gary L. 1993. Long-term success in mediation. Law & Human Behavior, 17(3): 313-330.

[26] Karambayya, Rekha & Brett, Jeanne M. 1989. Managers handling disputes: Third-party roles and perceptions of fairness. Academy of Management Journal, 32(4): 687-704.

[27] Picker, Bennett G. 2003. Mediation practice guide: A Handbook for resolving business disputes. 2nd ed. Washington D.C.: American Bar Association.

[28] Karambayya, Rekha, Brett, Jeanne M. & Lytle, Anne. 1992. Effects of formal authority and experience on third-party roles, outcomes and perceptions of fairness. Academy of Management Journal, 35(2): 426-438.

[29] Northouse, Peter G. 2001. Leadership: Theory and practice. 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

[30] Kolb, Deborah M. 1985. Roles mediators play: Orchestrator and dealmakers (Chapter 2). In The Mediators. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

[31] Neustadt, Richard E. 1990. Presidential power and the modern presidents: The Politics of leadership from Roosevelt to Reagan. New York: The Free Press.

[32] Kolb, Deborah M. & Sheppard, Blair H. 1985. Do managers mediate, or even arbitrate? Negotiation Journal, 3: 379-388.

[33] McGillicuddy, Neil B., Welton, Gary L. & Pruitt, Dean G. 1987. Third-party intervention: A Field experiment comparing three different models. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 53 (1): 104-112.

[34] Lax, D. & Sebenius, J. 1986. The Manager as negotiator: Bargaining for cooperation and competitive gain. New York: Free Press.

[35] Loewenstein, G, Issacharoff, S., Camerer, C. & Babcock, L. 1993. Self-serving assessments of fairness and pretrial bargaining. Journal of Legal Studies, 22(1): 135-159.

[36] Lind, E. A. & Tyler, T. R. 1988. The Social psychology of procedural justice. New York: Plenum Press.

[1] Authored by Ark Sharma, 1182200110- Ft.Y BBA.LLB MIT WPU SOL

[2] Quintype-Migrator, ‘Amendments to the Commercial Courts Act’ (Bar and Bench - Indian Legal news) <https://www.barandbench.com/columns/amendments-commercial-courts-act> accessed 23 November 2023

[3] ‘The Commercial Courts, Commercial Division and Commercial Appellate ...’ (PRS) <https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_parliament/2018/The%20Commercial%20Courts,%20Commercial%20Division%20and%20Commercial%20Appellate%20Division%20of%20High%20Courts%20(Amendment)%20Bill,%202018%20Bill%20Text.pdf> accessed 25 November 2023

[1] Sedition; Threat to Indian Democracy, ORF Onine, https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/sedition-law-threat-indian-democracy/, Last Visited on 1^st November 2023, 10:00AM.

[3]Challenging The status quo, Prime Legal, https://primelegal.in/2023/05/28/challenging-the-status-quo-unmasking-the-criticisms-surrounding-sedition-laws-in-india/, Last Visited on 1^st November 2023, 10:00 AM.

[6] Sedition; Used in Modi Era, The Wire, https://thewire.in/law/explainer-how-the-sedition-law-has-been-used-in-the-modi-era, Last Visited on 10^th November 2023, 10:00 AM.

[7] Sedition Case Background, Scobserver, https://www.scobserver.in/cases/sg-vombatkere-v-union-of-india-constitutionality-of-sedition-case-background/, Last Visited on 11^th November 2023, 10:00 AM.

[10] Sedition, The Law Brigade, https://thelawbrigade.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/PRITHIVI-RAJ-SALRJ.pdf, Last Visited on 12^th November 2023, 10:00 AM.

IJLRA	N. Raj Kumar ; Kamble Shivadayal . "Design of Fault Tolerance Parallel FFT’s Using Xilinx 14.5v" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals Volume 5 Issue 8 2022 Page 1-6
IEEE	N. Raj Kumar ; Kamble Shivadayal . "Design of Fault Tolerance Parallel FFT’s Using Xilinx 14.5v" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, 5(8)

CROSSROADS OF CONTENTION: INDIA AND PAKISTAN AT THE INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE BY - UTKARSH PANDEY & MANSI

ICO REVOLUTION: RETHINKING VENTURE CAPITAL APPROACHES IN THE CRYPTO AGE BY - M.V.I. KHADRI

COPYRIGHT IN THE DIGITAL AGE: CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS BY - MS. SRISHTI SINGHAL

A CRITIQUE ON PROTECTION GRANTED TO TRADITIONAL HANDICRAFTS BY GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATION OF GOODS ACT, 1999 BY - DHANAVARSHENE V

FREE CONSENT BY - MOHD YASIN & ISHITA SINGH

E-COMMERCE DISPUTES AND JURISDICTIONAL CHALLENGES BY - SRUTHI SEKHAR

AN INTRODUCTION TO INTERNATIONAL LAW JURISPRUDENCE AND PRINCIPLES OF GLOBAL JUSTICE BY - ANNIE WILSON

OPTIMIZING LEADERSHIP IN ORGANIZATIONAL CONFLICT BY: ISHAAN DEEPAK JOSHI

EXPLORING THE LEGISLATIVE INTENT AND IMPLICATIONS OF REDUCING THE MINIMUM SUIT VALUE IN THE INDIAN COMMERCIAL COURTS BY - ARK SHARMA

SEDITION; AN ARBITRARY ARTICLE; STATUS BEFORE AND AFTER THE BNS BILL BY: KASHISH KHANNA

LAW JOURNAL

IMPORTANT LINKS

ETHICS & POLICY

Citation

Citation

Citation

Citation

Citation

Citation

Citation

Citation

Citation

Citation

Citation 2