POLITICAL CONSTITUTIONALISM AND PARTICIPATORY DEMOCRACY: READING THE ESSENCE OF THE RIGHT OF PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ARTICLE 21 OF THE CONSTITUTION. BY - NAKUL SINGH

Authors : NAKUL SINGH

Registration ID : 106111 Published Paper ID: IJLRA6111

Year : Oct -2023 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

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THE ROLE OF PLATFORM AGENCIES IN THE DETERMINATION OF EMPLOYMENT, PROTECTION, AND PROMOTION WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO DOMESTIC WORKERS IN INDIA BY - LAKSHMI SANJANA. R

Authors : LAKSHMI SANJANA. R

Registration ID : 106110 Published Paper ID: IJLRA6110

Year : Oct -2023 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

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Email Id : lakshmi6sanjana@gmail.com

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ANALYSIS OF RELATION BETWEEN INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAW AND COMPETITION LAW BY: - ISHWITA MONDAL

Authors : ISHWITA MONDAL

Registration ID : 106109 Published Paper ID: IJLRA6109

Year : Oct -2023 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

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NAVIGATING INSOLVENCY: ANALYSING THE NEXUS BETWEEN FINANCIAL DISTRESS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE EFFICACY BY - APOORV NEGI

Authors : APOORV NEGI

Registration ID : 106108 Published Paper ID: IJLRA6108

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FEMINIST JURISPRUDENCE ON REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS OF WOMEN BY - DR. JESMIN BANU KHAN

Authors : DR. JESMIN BANU KHAN

Registration ID : 106107 Published Paper ID: IJLRA6107

Year : Oct -2023 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

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Email Id : kjesmin90@gmail.com

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THE SECRET BEHIND TRADE SECRETS BY - MRUNMAI PRADEEP PIMPARKAR

Authors : MRUNMAI PRADEEP PIMPARKAR

Registration ID : 106106 Published Paper ID: IJLRA6106

Year : Oct -2023 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

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TRACING THE JOURNEY OF ELECTRONIC VOTING MACHINES IN INDIA THROUGH JUDICIAL PRONOUNCEMENTS BY – ATUL RAJ

Authors : ATUL RAJ

Registration ID : 106105 Published Paper ID: IJLRA6105

Year : Oct -2023 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

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Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/10.2023-73267954/TRACING THE JOURNEY OF ELECTRONIC VOTING MACHINES

THE VALUE OF A WOMENS VIRGINITY BY - SHIVANI MAHADEVAN & DIYA ABRAHAM

Authors : SHIVANI MAHADEVAN & DIYA ABRAHAM

Registration ID : 106103 Published Paper ID: IJLRA6103 & IJLRA6104

Year : Oct -2023 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

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INVESTMENT PROTECTION TREATIES: SAFEGUARDING GLOBAL INVESTMENT BY - PRIYA RATHORE

Authors : PRIYA RATHORE

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Year : Oct -2023 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

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Doi Link :https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/10.2023-56859738/INVESTMENT PROTECTION TREATIES: SAFEGUARDING GLOBA

THE DICHOTOMY OF LIFE IMPRISONMENT VS IMPRISONMENT TILL DEATH: QUESTIONING THE SUPREME COURT’S ACT OF CREATING A NEW CATEGORY OF PUNISHMENT BY - ANIMESH JHA & HIMANSHU RANJAN

Authors : ANIMESH JHA & HIMANSHU RANJAN

Registration ID : 106100 Published Paper ID: IJLRA6100 & IJRA6101

Year : Oct -2023 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

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International journal for legal research and analysis

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[1] Peter S. Menell, 'Intellectual Property: General Theories', Encyclopedia of Law & Economics: Volume II, ed. by Boudewijn Bouckaert and Gerrit de Geest (Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 2000), pp. 129-88.

[2] Robert G Bone, ‘A New Look at Trade Secret Law: Doctrine in Search of Justification’, Trade Secret Law, California Law Review, Vol. 86:24

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[4] Bombay Dyeing and Manufacturing Co. Ltd. v. Mehar Karan Singh, 2010 SCC OnLine Bom 1243

[5] Donal O'Connell, Intellectual Property Risk Management, 1st ed

[6] Chapter 2: America’s Trade Agreements, Trade policy in Crisis, https://www.wilsoncenter.org/chapter-2-americas-trade-agreements

[7] “India Accedes to the Paris Convention and the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT).” India Accedes to the Paris Convention and the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT), www.wipo.int/pressroom/en/prdocs/1998/wipo_upd_1998_32.html#:~:text=On%20Monday%2C%20September%207%2C%201998,Patent%20Cooperation%20Treaty%20(PCT).

[8] “WTO | Intellectual Property (TRIPS) - Agreement Text - General Provisions.” WTO | Intellectual Property (TRIPS) - Agreement Text - General Provisions, www.wto.org/english/docs_e/legal_e/27-trips_03_e.htm.

[9] TRIPS: Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights, Apr. 15, 1994, Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization, Art. 39

[10] Overview: the TRIPS Agreement, World Trade Organization, https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/trips_e/intel2_e.htm#:~:text=The%20TRIPS%20Agreement%2C%20which%20came,multilateral%20agreement%20on%20intellectual%20property.

[11] Approaches to the Protection of Trade Secrets, Enquiries into Intellectual Property's Economic Impact OECD 2015, pg 131

[12] Paris Convention for the Protection Of Industrial Property (As Amended On September 28, 1979), Art 10(b), “WIPO Lex.” WIPO Lex, wipolex.wipo.int/en/text/288514.

[13] Module 4, Trade Secrets, WIPO Int., Point 3 Misappropriation of Trade Secrets, pg 15

[14] Oxford v. Moss, (1979) 68 Cri 482. See also Hammond, R.G.: “Theft of Information”, 100 LQR 252 (1984)

[15] Kewanee Oil Co. v. Bicron Corpn., 416 US 470, 490-91 : 40 L Ed 2d 315 (1974)

[16] Cornish, W.R.: Intellectual Property (3rd Edn., 1996) at paras 8.49-8.53. See also Breach of Confidence, Law Commission of England and Wales, Consultation Paper No. 110 (Her Majesty’s Stationary Office, 1981), para 2.10.

[17] Attorney General v. Guardian Newspapers, (1988) 3 All ER 545; Protection of Confidential Information without a Contract, Argus Partners, Protection of Confidential Information under Common Law – Rule of Equity, https://www.legal500.com/developments/thought-leadership/protection-of-confidential-information-without-a-contract/

[18] Saltman Engineering Co Ltd v Campbell Engineering Co Ltd, [1963] 3 All ER 413, 65 RPC 203.

definitions

[20] Legal Protection of Trade Secrets and Confidential Information, S.K. Verma, Journal of the Indian Law Institute, Vol. 44, No. 3 (July-September 2002), pp. 336-353

[21] The Role of National and International Intellectual Property Law and Policy in Reconceptualising the Definition of Investment, IIC - International Review of Intellectual Property and Competition Law, https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40319-020-010097-

[22] Dionne v. Southeast Foam Converting & Packaging, Inc., 240 Va. 297, 397 S.E.2d 110, 1990 Va. LEXIS 121, 17 U.S.P.Q.2D (BNA) 1565 (Va. September 21, 1990)

[23] American Express Bank, Ltd. v. Priya Puri, 2006 SCC OnLine Del 638

[24] Anil Gupta v. Kunal Dasgupta, 2002 SCC OnLine Del 250.

[25] Niranjan Shankar Golikari v. Century Spg. and Mfg. Co. Ltd., (1967) 2 SCR 378.

[26] Ambiance India Pvt. Ltd. v. Naveen Jain, 2005 SCC OnLine Del 367.

[27] Trade Secrets law and Innovation Policy in India, Faizanur Rahman, http://docs.manupatra.in/newsline/articles/Upload/E8134C85-E745-414C-91AA-3E05D6B95581.1-H__civil.pdf

[28] Draft 5th National Science, Technology, and Innovation Policy for public consultation, Government of India, Department of Science & Technology, https://dst.gov.in/draft-5th-national-science-technology-and-innovation-policy-public-consultation

[29] Srivastava Kamakhya, ‘Indian Innovation Act: Trade secrets and confidentiality’.

[30] Pollock and Mulla, Indian Contract and Specific Relief Acts, Vol 1, 12th edn, edited Nilima Bhadbade (Butterworths, New Delhi), 2004, pp. 818-822.

[31] The Law Commission of India, 13th Report, Ministry of Law and Justice (1958), para 55.

[32] SJ Advanced Technology & Mfg. Corp. v. Junkunc, 627 F. Supp. 572, 1986 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 29905, 1986-1 Trade Cas. (CCH) P66,970 (N.D. Ill. January 29, 1986)

[35] Seetharaman R, Legal protection of Trade Secret, 1 Supreme Court Cases (2004) 22.

[36] Mason v Provident Clothing and Supply Co Ltd, [1913] AC 724, [1911-13] All ER Rep 400, 109 LT 449.

[37] K Stanghton, L.J. in Lansing Linde Ltd. v. Kerr [1991] 1 All ER 418 at 425, Art. 39 of the TRIPS Agreement uses "undisclosed information" in this sense.

[38] Kewanee V. Bicron, 416 U.S. 470, 94 S. Ct. 1879, 40 L. Ed. 2d 315, 1974 U.S. LEXIS 134, 181 U.S.P.Q. (BNA) 673, 69 Ohio Op. 2d 235 (U.S. May 13, 1974).

[39] Trade Secrets, WIPO, Module 4, Pg 7, https://www.wipo.int/export/sites/www/sme/en/documents/pdf/ip_panorama_4_learning_points.pdf

[40] Barr-Mullin, Inc. v. Browning 424 S.E.2d 226 (1993).

[41] Barr-Mullin, Inc. v. Browning, 108 N.C. App. 590

[42] Barr-Mullin, Inc. v. Browning, 108 N.C. App. 590

[43] Barr-Mullin, Inc. v. Browning 424 S.E.2d 226 (1993).

[44] Telerate Systems Inc v Caro, 689 F Supp 221, 232 (SDNY 1988).

[45] Thomas Marshall v Gunile (1978) 3 All ER 193, 203.

[46] Minerals Resources v. Newcastle Newspapers Pvt Ltd (1997) 40 IPR 403, ¶ 405.

[47] Tractors and Farm Equipment Ltd. v. Green Field Farm Equipments Pvt. Ltd., 2006 SCC OnLine Mad 1236.

[48] Indian Penal Code, 1860, § 405-409, § 418.

[49] Information Technology Act, 2000, § 43 & § 66.

[50] Attwood v Lamont, (1920) 3 KB 571: (1920) All ER Rep 55.

[51] DVD Copy Control Ass'n, Inc. v. Bunner - 116 CAL. APP. 4TH 241, 10 CAL. RPTR. 3D 185 (2004).

[52] Initial Services v Putterill, (1968) 1 QB 396, 405: (1967) 3 All ER 145.

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[2] VS Rama Devi and SK Mendiratta, “How India Votes: Election Laws Practice and Procedure”

[4] Special Leave Petition (Civil) 2824 – 25 of 2001 before the Hon’ble Supreme Court of India

[6] ECI Press Note No. ECI/PN/44/2011 dated 20.07.2011

[7] ECI Press Note No. ECI/PN/ 59 /2012 dated 25.07.2012

[8] S.O. 2470(E) dated 14.08.2023 published by Ministry of Law and Justice

[9] Contempt Petition (C) No. 303 of 2016 in Civil Appeal No. 9093 of 2016 before the Hon’ble Supreme Court

[11] Manual on Electronic Voting Machine and VVPAT

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^{^[14]} Vakasha Sachdev, Explained: Why Marital Rape Is Not A Crime In India (Yet), 11th May 2022 (Accessed On 5th October 5:29pm) Https://Www.Thequint.Com/News/Law/Marital-Rape-Not-Recognised-As-Crime-In-India-Explainer#Read-More

^{^[15]} AIDWA vs Union Of India, Hridaya Nest of Family Harmony vs UOI, Diary No. 16226/2022

^{^[16]} Vishaka v. State of Rajasthan, (1997) 6 SCC 241

^{^[17]} X vs Principal Secretary, Health and Family Welfare Department, Govt of NCT Of Delhi, C.A 2022 LiveLaw (SC) 809

^{^[18]} Eliminating Virginity Testing: An Interagency Statement, WHO 2018 (accessed on 5th October 2022 5:31pm) https://apps.who.int/iris/rest/bitstreams/1157258/retrieve

^{^[20]} Rajasthan woman tortured for failing virginity test (accessed on 5th October 2022, 5:00pm)

https://www.onmanorama.com/news/india/2022/09/06/rajasthan-woman-tortured-for-failing-virginity-test.html

^{^[21]} Deepak Sharma, First Night Means Virginity Test of Bride: Kukdi Pratha of Rajasthan, 6th December 2021 (accessed on 5th October 2022, 5:35pm)

https://www.sinceindependence.com/rajasthan/first-night-means-virginity-test-of-bride-kukdi-pratha-of-rajasthan

^{^[22]} Emily Atkinson, What is ‘virginity testing’ and why is it going viral on TikTok?, 6th Sep 2022 (accessed on 5th October 2022, 5:40pm) https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/love-sex/virginity-testing-viral-tiktok-b2159942.html

^{^[23]} Daniel L Chen, Gender Violence and the Price of Virginity: Theory and Evidence of Incomplete Marriage Contracts ( accesed on 5th Oct 2022, 3:45 pm) http://users.nber.org/~dlchen/papers/Gender_Violence_and_the_Price_of_Virginity.pdf

^{^[24]} Raina Assainar, Woman Held For Trying To Sell ‘virgin’ Daughter,September 03, 2020 (Accessed On 5th October 2022, 5:37pm)

https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/mumbai/woman-held-for-trying-to-sell-virgin-daughter/article32508938.ece

[1] Priya Rathore (5^th year student, BBA.LLB, The Northcap University, Gurugram)

[3] Lauder v. Czech Republic (Award of 3 September 2001)

[4] SGS Societe Generale de Survellance SA v. Republic of the Phillipines (Decisions on Objections to Jurisdiction of 29 January 2004)

[5] Sovereignty and Investment Protection Obligations in International Law (2018 Special Issue IJLIA 28)

[1]Anne Salmond, Two worlds: First meetings between Maori and Europeans, 1642-1772,University of Hawaii Press(1992).

[2]Narotam Singh v. State of Punjab, AIR 1978 SC 1542.

[3]Swamy Shraddananda v. State of Karnataka,AIR 2008 SC 3040.

[8]Code of Criminal Procedure, No. 2, Acts of Parliament, 1973 § 433 (India).

[9]Code of Criminal Procedure, No. 2, Acts of Parliament, 1973 § 432 (India).

[10]Indian Penal Code, 1860, No. 45, Acts of Parliament, 1860, § 53.

[11]Indian Penal Code, 1860, No. 45, Acts of Parliament, 1860, § 45.

[13]Indian Penal Code, 1860, No. 45, Acts of Parliament, 1860, § 124A.

[14]Indian Penal Code, 1860, No. 45, Acts of Parliament, 1860, § 300.

[15]Indian Penal Code, 1860, No. 45, Acts of Parliament, 1860, § 375.

[17]State of West Bengal v. S.K. Ghosh, 1963 AIR 255.

[18]Indian Penal Code, 1860, No. 45, Acts of Parliament, 1860, § 53.

[19] Code of Criminal Procedure, No. 2, Acts of Parliament, 1973 § 432 (India).

[20]Babu Pahalwan v. State of Madhya Pradesh & Anr, 1990 (0) MPLJ 682.

[21]Code of Criminal Procedure, No. 2, Acts of Parliament,1973 § 433 (India).

[22] Code of Criminal Procedure, No. 2, Acts of Parliament, 1973 § 433A (India).

[23] Sarat Chandra Rabha v. Khagendranath, AIR 1961 SC 334.

[24]Swamy Shraddanand @ Murli v. State of Karnataka, AIR 2008 SC 3040.

[25]Dalbir Singh and Ors v. State of Punjab,AIR 2008 SC 2389 (India).

[26]Bacchan Singh v. State of Punjab,AIR 1980 SC 898 (India).

[29]Union of India v. SriHaran@ Murugan & Ors, (2016) 7 SCC 1 (India).

[30]Sudam & Rahul kaniram Jadhav v. The State of Maharashtra,(2011) 7 SCC 125 (India).

[31]Accused X vs The State Of Maharashtra,(2021) 1 SCC 596 (India).

[32]Sangeet & Anr v. State of Haryana,(2013) 2 SCC 452 (India).

[34] Union of India v V. Sriharan @ Murugan & Ors,(2014) 4 SCC 242.

[39]Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India, AIR 1978 SC 597 (India).

[41]State of Andhra Pradesh v. Challa Ramkrishna Reddy,AIR 2000 SC 2083.

[44]Francis Coralie Mullin v. The Administrator, UT Delhi,AIR 1981 SC 746.

[45]Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala, (1973) 4 SCC 225 (India).

[46]Rai Sahab Ram Jawaya v. State of Punjab, AIR 1955 SC 549.

[48] Maru Ram v. Union of India, (1981) 1 SCC 107 (India).

[50] Baljit Singh v. State of Punjab, 1986 Cri LJ 1037 (P& H) (India).

[51]See Prison Statistics India, 2020, National Crime Records Bureau, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India, https://ncrb.gov.in/sites/default/files/PSI_2020_as_on_27-12-2021_0.pdf.

IJLRA	N. Raj Kumar ; Kamble Shivadayal . "Design of Fault Tolerance Parallel FFT’s Using Xilinx 14.5v" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals Volume 5 Issue 8 2022 Page 1-6
IEEE	N. Raj Kumar ; Kamble Shivadayal . "Design of Fault Tolerance Parallel FFT’s Using Xilinx 14.5v" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, 5(8)

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[19] Trade Secrets (Enforcement, etc) Regulations, 2018, SI 2018/597; What are trade secrets, know-how and confidential information?, Queensland Government, https://www.business.qld.gov.au/running-business/risk/ip/ip-kit/browse-ip-topics/trade-secrets/definitions

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