INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS

INTROSPECTING THE ADEQUACY OF PENALTY FOR CRUELTY TO ANIMAL- THE LEGAL VOID BY - DR. MERCY K KHAUTE

Authors : DR. MERCY K KHAUTE

Registration ID : 105928 Published Paper ID: IJLRA5928

Year : Aug -2023 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : mercykhaute1508@gmail.com

Page No : 20 | No of times Downloads: 0065

Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/08.2023-78937156/INTROSPECTING THE ADEQUACY

NIRBHAYA CASE ANALYSIS BY – AYUSH DAS

Authors : AYUSH DAS

Registration ID : 105927 Published Paper ID: IJLRA5927

Year : Aug -2023 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : ayushdasayuhsdas98@gmail.com

Page No : 11 | No of times Downloads: 0065

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HARASSMENT THROUGH UNWANTED PHONE CALLS. BY - SAMSON RAVI KUMAR

Authors : SAMSON RAVI KUMAR

Registration ID : 105926 Published Paper ID: IJLRA5926

Year : Aug -2023 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : mrsam6633@gmail.com

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CHALLENGES IN THE CURRENT INDIAN TAX REGIME BY - KALYANI ROY & VIJAYA GUPTA

Authors : KALYANI ROY & VIJAYA GUPTA

Registration ID : 105924 Published Paper ID: IJLRA5924 & IJLRA5925

Year : Aug -2023 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : kally.roy2507@gmai.com & vijuggupta2000@gmail.com

Page No : 13 | No of times Downloads: 0065

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GLOBAL CRYPTO REGULATIONS AND INDIAN TAXATION A HOLISTIC ANALYSIS OF POLICIES AND PRACTICES. BY - BHAGAVATH P

Authors : BHAGAVATH P

Registration ID : 105923 Published Paper ID: IJLRA5923

Year : Aug -2023 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : bhagavath8040@gmail.com

Page No : 26 | No of times Downloads: 0065

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REPRESENTATION OF WOMEN IN THE LEGAL PROFESSION IN INDIA DO THEY NEED EMPOWERMENT? BY - SHREYASH GUPTA

Authors : SHREYASH GUPTA

Registration ID : 105922 Published Paper ID: IJLRA5922

Year : Aug -2023 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : anitagupta840.ag@gmail.com

Page No : 11 | No of times Downloads: 0065

Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/08.2023-23441984/REPRESENTATION OF WOMEN

RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW: “AN OVERVIEW” BY: SAHANA FLORENCE P

Authors : SAHANA FLORENCE P

Registration ID : 105921 Published Paper ID: IJLRA5921

Year : Aug -2023 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : ritisingh06.rs@gmail.com & advocatessgaharwar@gmail.com

Page No : 18 | No of times Downloads: 0065

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KEEPING PACE WITH THE TECHNOLOGY-ARTIFICIAL INTELIGENCE AND CRIMINAL LAW, WITH SPECIAL FOCUS ON COMMERCIAL (FINANCIAL) OFFENCES IN INDIA BY - MS. RITI SINGH & MR. SHUBHAM SINGH

Authors : MS. RITI SINGH & MR. SHUBHAM SINGH

Registration ID : 105919 Published Paper ID: IJLRA5919 & IJLRA5920

Year : Aug -2023 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : ritisingh06.rs@gmail.com & advocatessgaharwar@gmail.com

Page No : 27 | No of times Downloads: 0065

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ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND PATENT LAW BY: KHUSHBOO KUMARI SINGH

Authors : KHUSHBOO KUMARI SINGH

Registration ID : 105918 Published Paper ID: IJLRA5918

Year : Aug -2023 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : khushboosingh.iitkgp@gmail.com

Page No : 25 | No of times Downloads: 0064

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“HEYDON’S CASE AND BEYOND: TRACING THE EVOLUTION OF THE MISCHIEF RULE OF INTERPRETATION OF STATUTES” BY - ANVIN ASHISH ROY

Authors : ANVIN ASHISH ROY

Registration ID : 105917 Published Paper ID: IJLRA5917

Year : Aug -2023 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : anvinashishroy@gmail.com

Page No : 16 | No of times Downloads: 0065

Doi Link :

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^{^[15]} M.A. Rashid, “SC issues Notice on PIL seeking stricter penalty in cases of Animal Cruelty”, LiveLaw, May 12, 2016, available at http://www.livelaw.in/sc-issues-notice-pil-seeking-stricter-penalty-cases-animal-cruelty/ (Last updated on November 7, 2016);

^{^[17]} Andrew von Hirsch, “Proportionality in the Philosophy of Punishment: From “Why Punish?” to “How Much?’’, 1 Criminal Law Forum 259, 262 (1990).

^{^[19]} Ajoy P.B., “Administrative Action and Doctrine of Proportionality in India”, 1(6) Journal of Humanities and Social Science 16 (2012).

^{^[20]}.I.P.Massey, Administrative Law, 367 (Eastern Law Book Company, Lucknow, 8^th ed., 2012).

^{^[22]} Joel Goh, “Proportionality: An Unattainable Ideal in the Criminal Justice System”, 2(41) Manchester Law Review 41, 48 (2013).

^{^[24]} Michael Cavadino, James Dignan, et. al., The Penal System: An Introduction (SAGE Publications Ltd; 6th edition, 2 December 2019).

^{^[25]} Richard S Frase, “Excessive Prison Sentences, Punishment Goals, and the Eighth Amendment: “Proportionality” Relative to What?”, 89 Minnesota Law Review 571, 592 (2004).

^{^[27]} The Constitution of India, 1950, Forty-Second Amendment, Article 48A.

^{^[28]} The Constitution of India, 1950, Forty-Second Amendment, Article 51A(g).

^[38] Maneka Gandhi v. Union of Territory, 1984 SCC OnLine Del 67, para89.

^{^[39]} Peter North, Civil Liability for Animals 3 ( OUP Oxford, 1^st ed., 2012).

^{^[40]} Filburn v People's Palace and Aquarium Co. Ltd (1890) 25 QBD 258.

^[41] Abigail Saunders, “The Animals Act 1971 places a disproportionate burden on the keeper of animals and is in need of reform” , 1 Plymouth Law and Criminal Justice Review 199 (2016);

^{^[42]} Renzo Llorente, “The Moral Framework of Peter Singer’s Animal Liberation: An alternative to utilitarianism,” 16(1) Ethical Perspective 61 (2009).

^{^[47]} Timothy Schnacke, Michael R. Jones, et al, The History of Bail and Pretrial Release, (PJI, Pretrial Justice Institute, 2010).

^{^[48]} June Carbone, “Seeing Through the Emperor’s New Clothes: Rediscovery of Basic Principles in the Administration of Bail”, 34Syracuse Law Review 517 (1983).

^{^[52]} Smt. Amrutha Shankeraiah v State of A.P through Public Prosecutor, 2010 SCC OnLine AP 365; Keshub Mahindra v State of M.P., (1996) 6 SCC 19.

^{^[56]} The Indian Penal Code, 1860, section 325.

^{^[57]} Rudul Shah v State of Bihar, (1983) 4 SCC 141; Cherian vUnion of India, (1992) 1 SCC 397.

^{^[62]}Neha Khan, “Delhi govt forms Animal Welfare Board”,Siasat.com/News/Delhi, April 26, 2023 available at https://www.siasat.com/delhi-govt-forms-animal-welfare-board-2576705/ (Last modified on May 11, 2023).

^{^[63]} Mandate of Animal Welfare Board is to prevent cruelty, suffering and pain to all creatures, Press Information Bureau Government of India, June 14, 2018 available at https://pib.gov.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=179970 (Last modified on May 11, 2023).

^{^[64]} Animal Welfare Board of India issues advisories with regard to stray dogs and pet dogs, Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry & Dairying, December 7, 2022, available at https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1881462&RegID=3&LID=1 (last modified on May 11, 2023).

[1] Also known as the ‘Delhi Rape Case’, the name Nirvana means ‘fearless’ in Hindi as was used by the press as a pseudonym for keeping the victim’s identity as anonymous while se was attributed different epithets by the media houses like. Jyoti (flame) , Jagruti (awareness) , Amanat (treasure), Damini (lightening after 1993Bollywood film)

[2] Annie Banerji, ‘’ Public fury over New Delhi gang rape sparks protest across India, ‘’Reuters(New Delhi, India), December 21 , 2012 https://www.routers.com/article/us. India -protest/ public- fury-over- new-delhi-gang-rape-sparks-protest-across-india-id.

[3] Heather Timmons and Sruthi Gottipati , ‘ Indian Women March:’‘That Girl Could Have Been Any One Of Us,’ The New York Times ( New Delhi, India), Dec.30.2012https//www.nytimes.com /2012/12/31/world/asia/rape-incites-women-to- fight

[4] Pandey Devesh k; Sikdar, Shubhomoy (11th Merch 2013)’ Delhi Gangrape case accused commit suicide’ “ The Hindu. Chennai India . Archived [ from the original on 13 March 2013. Retrieved 11 March 2013.

[5] Goswami, Dev. “ Justice for Nirvana : 4 men convicted for gang-rape, hanged 7 years after brutal crime”[ India Today.]

[6] (In English) “ First track court awards death sentences to convicts of Delhi Rape Case” [ Archived 21 October 2013 at the Wayback Machine, Ramalingam. Va, le Journal International 14 September 2013.

^{^[2]} (ii).Harassment of women over phone, The Hindu (Updated on January, 2017)

^{^[3]} (iii).“Stalker alert: 1 in 3 women who use mobiles in India face harassment, receive inappropriate calls”, The Economic Times [Last Updated: March 25, 2019]

^{^[4]} .Criminal Harassment, The Canadian Resource Centre for Victims of Crime. [which is Available at https://www.crcvc.ca/docs/crimharass.pdf]

[1] Jalkal Vibhag Nagar Nigam v. Pradeshiya Industrial and Investment Corporation, 2021 SCC OnLine SC 960.

[2] Aashika Jain, Taxation in India: Direct Taxes You Need To Know About, Forbes Advisor, (Dec 18, 2020, 7:17 AM), available at https://www.forbes.com/advisor/in/tax/direct-taxes-you-need-to-know-about/ , (last visited on May 7, 2022).

[3] 8 Major Defects in the Tax Structure of India, Economics Discussion, available at https://www.economicsdiscussion.net/taxes/defects/8-major-defects-in-the-tax-structure-of-india/12917, (last visited on May 7, 2022).

[4] Vaisakhi Muddana, What are the Problems in Tax Structure and Administration In India, iPleaders Blog, (December 30, 2016), available at https://blog.ipleaders.in/problems-in-tax-structure-and-administration-india/, (last visited on May 7, 2022).

[5] Shruti Rajagopalan, Rethinking India’s Tax System, Livemint, (Dec 26, 2017, 04:58 AM), available at https://www.livemint.com/Opinion/z2DURCdrbtLjCPnutKs3gJ/Rethinking-Indias-tax-system.html, (last visited on May 7, 2022).

[8] ET Bureau, Complex Tax System Big Reason for Indian Startups’ Exodus, The Economic Times, (Dec 13, 2021, 05:49 PM), available at https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/startups/complex-tax-system-big-reason-for-indian-startups-exodus-report/articleshow/88246259.cms?from=mdr, (last visited on May 7, 2022).

[9] Shantanu Nandan and Suman Layak, ET Bureau, GST: The Challenges Before India’s Largest Indirect Tax Reform, (Sep 29, 2019, 11:18 AM) available at https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/policy/gst-the-challenges-before-indias-largest-indirect-tax-reform/articleshow/71353710.cms?from=mdr, (last visited on May 7, 2022).

[10] Pravas Rajan Mishra, GST has increased India’s Reliance on Indirect Taxes, Hurting The Poor, (Jul 14, 2021), available at https://thewire.in/economy/gst-india-indirected-taxes-inequality , (last visited on May 7, 2022).

[11] Christophe Jaffrelot, Ustav Shah, Centre’s reliance on Indirect Tax Revenue, Pro-rich policy, Has Deprived Govt Resources During COVID Crisis, The Indian Express, (August 11, 2020, 11:56 AM) available at https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/india-taxation-policy-fiscal-deficit-covid-impact-on-economy-indirect-tax-revenue-6549290/, (last visited on May 7, 2022).

[10] Income Tax (Amended) Act, 2022 – SE 2 (47A) (a) – No. 24 Acts of Parliament, 2022(India)

[11] Income Tax (Amended) Act, 2022– SE 115BH (a) - No. 24 Acts of Parliament, 2022(India)

[12] Income Tax (Amended) Act, 2022– SE 115BBH (2) - No. 24 Acts of Parliament, 2022(India)

[1] Status of Women in India" by Shobana Nelasco, p.11

[3] Anjali Chandal(2015) Women empowerment and constitutional Provisions, legal service India, e- journal

[4] Times of India- By Mita Kapur, Founder, curator and producer of Woman Up! Summit

[5] Leila Seth, On Balance – an Autobiography (Viking Penguin , 2008)

^{^[2]} Aman Gupta “Human Rights of Indigenous Peoples” Volume 1 (Protecting the Rights of Indigenous Peoples), 2005 Ed.[ ISHA Books Publications, New Delhi.].

^{^[5]} James Anaya S. “Indigenous Peoples in International Law”, 08 [3^rd Ed. [Oxford University Press, New York] 2004.

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[1] https://www.ibef.org/industry/information-technology-india.aspx

[2] https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/small-biz/startups/newsbuzz/budget-2018-niti-aayog-to-establish-national-programme-on-artificial-intelligence/articleshow/62738713.cms?utm_source=contentofinterest&utm_medium=text&utm_campaign=cppst

[3] http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=170231

[4] https://www.ibef.org/industry/information-technology-india.aspx

[5] https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/small-biz/startups/newsbuzz/budget-2018-niti-aayog-to-establish-national-programme-on-artificial-intelligence/articleshow/62738713.cms?utm_source=contentofinterest&utm_medium=text&utm_campaign=cppst

[6] http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=170231

[8]Ajit Narayanan, Mervyn Bennun , Law, Computer Science, and Artificial Intelligence (1991)

[9] Gabriel Hallevy , When Robots Kill: Artificial Intelligence Under Criminal Law (2013).

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[12] https://www.lexisnexis.com/infopro/keeping-current/b/weblog/archive/2017/06/14/lexisnexis-acquires-ravel-law.aspx

[13]Kevin D. Ashley , Artificial Intelligence and Legal Analytics. (2017).

[14]Pavan Duggal , Artificial Intelligence Law ( Independently Published)( 21-Sep-2017)

[15]JOHN BUYERS , ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE - THE PRACTICAL LEGAL ISSUES BY(LAW BRIEF PUBLISHING)(2018).

[16] Jacob Turner , Robot Rules: Regulating Artificial Intelligence. (2018).

[17]Woodrow Barfield, Ugo Pagallo , Research Handbook on the Law of Artificial Intelligence (2018).

[18]Russell Stuart J.; Norvig, Peter, Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach (3rd ed.).( Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall.) (2009), ( ISBN 978-0-13-604259-4.)

[19] Kaplan Andreas; Michael Haenlein , Siri, Siri in my Hand, who's the Fairest in the Land? On the Interpretations, Illustrations and Implications of Artificial Intelligence( Business Horizons) (2018)

[20] ARCHBOLD, J. F. CRIMINAL PLEADING, EVIDENCE AND. LONDON: SWEET & MAXWELL LTD. (2018).

[21] MARTINEZ-MIRANDA, E., MCBUCNEY, P., & HOWARD, M. J: LEARNING AND UNFARE TRADING (2016).

[22] MARTINEZ-MIRANDA, E., MCBUCNEY, P., & HOWARD, M. J: LEARNING AND UNFARE TRADING (2016).

[23] Jacob Turner LEGAL PERSONALITY FOR AI (2018).

[24] USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TO ADDRESS CRIMINAL JUSTICE NEEDS (NIJ JOURNAL 280).

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IJLRA	N. Raj Kumar ; Kamble Shivadayal . "Design of Fault Tolerance Parallel FFT’s Using Xilinx 14.5v" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals Volume 5 Issue 8 2022 Page 1-6
IEEE	N. Raj Kumar ; Kamble Shivadayal . "Design of Fault Tolerance Parallel FFT’s Using Xilinx 14.5v" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, 5(8)

INTROSPECTING THE ADEQUACY OF PENALTY FOR CRUELTY TO ANIMAL- THE LEGAL VOID BY - DR. MERCY K KHAUTE

NIRBHAYA CASE ANALYSIS BY – AYUSH DAS

HARASSMENT THROUGH UNWANTED PHONE CALLS. BY - SAMSON RAVI KUMAR

CHALLENGES IN THE CURRENT INDIAN TAX REGIME BY - KALYANI ROY & VIJAYA GUPTA

GLOBAL CRYPTO REGULATIONS AND INDIAN TAXATION A HOLISTIC ANALYSIS OF POLICIES AND PRACTICES. BY - BHAGAVATH P

REPRESENTATION OF WOMEN IN THE LEGAL PROFESSION IN INDIA DO THEY NEED EMPOWERMENT? BY - SHREYASH GUPTA

RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW: “AN OVERVIEW” BY: SAHANA FLORENCE P

KEEPING PACE WITH THE TECHNOLOGY-ARTIFICIAL INTELIGENCE AND CRIMINAL LAW, WITH SPECIAL FOCUS ON COMMERCIAL (FINANCIAL) OFFENCES IN INDIA BY - MS. RITI SINGH & MR. SHUBHAM SINGH

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND PATENT LAW BY: KHUSHBOO KUMARI SINGH

“HEYDON’S CASE AND BEYOND: TRACING THE EVOLUTION OF THE MISCHIEF RULE OF INTERPRETATION OF STATUTES” BY - ANVIN ASHISH ROY

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INTROSPECTING THE ADEQUACY OF PENALTY FOR CRUELTY TO ANIMAL- THE LEGAL VOID BY - DR. MERCY K KHAUTE

NIRBHAYA CASE ANALYSIS BY – AYUSH DAS

HARASSMENT THROUGH UNWANTED PHONE CALLS. BY - SAMSON RAVI KUMAR

CHALLENGES IN THE CURRENT INDIAN TAX REGIME BY - KALYANI ROY & VIJAYA GUPTA

GLOBAL CRYPTO REGULATIONS AND INDIAN TAXATION A HOLISTIC ANALYSIS OF POLICIES AND PRACTICES. BY - BHAGAVATH P

REPRESENTATION OF WOMEN IN THE LEGAL PROFESSION IN INDIA DO THEY NEED EMPOWERMENT? BY - SHREYASH GUPTA

RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW: “AN OVERVIEW” BY: SAHANA FLORENCE P

KEEPING PACE WITH THE TECHNOLOGY-ARTIFICIAL INTELIGENCE AND CRIMINAL LAW, WITH SPECIAL FOCUS ON COMMERCIAL (FINANCIAL) OFFENCES IN INDIA BY - MS. RITI SINGH & MR. SHUBHAM SINGH

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND PATENT LAW BY: KHUSHBOO KUMARI SINGH

“HEYDON’S CASE AND BEYOND: TRACING THE EVOLUTION OF THE MISCHIEF RULE OF INTERPRETATION OF STATUTES” BY - ANVIN ASHISH ROY

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