INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DROIT ADMINISTRATIF BY - ADITI GATTUPALLI

Authors : ADITI GATTUPALLI

Registration ID : 106826 Published Paper ID: IJLRA6826

Year : Feb-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : addie.gattupalli@gmai.com

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Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/02.2024-55674196/COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DROIT ADMINISTRATIF

RESILIENCE IN FLUX: UNDERSTANDING THE INTERPLAY OF DISABILITY AND CLIMATE CHANGE DYNAMICS BY - NABIL IQBAL

Authors : NABIL IQBAL

Registration ID : 106825 Published Paper ID: IJLRA6825

Year : Feb-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : iqbalnabil2105@gmail.com

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Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/02.2024-61871377/RESILIENCE IN FLUX: UNDERSTANDING THE INTERPLAY OF

INSIDER TRADING CHALLENGES IN INDIA: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS WITH SOLUTIONS FROM THE USA BY - SURAJ PRAKASH

Authors : SURAJ PRAKASH

Registration ID : 106824 Published Paper ID: IJLRA6824

Year : Feb-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : surajprakashbhatt@gmail.com

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Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/02.2024-63966981/INSIDER TRADING CHALLENGES IN INDIA: A COMPARATIVE

CRITICAL ANALYSIS ON THE UNCITRAL MODEL LAWS ON E- COMMERCE BY - ARYA ANIL

Authors : ARYA ANIL

Registration ID : 106823 Published Paper ID: IJLRA6823

Year : Feb-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : aryaanil@law.christuniversity.in

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Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/02.2024-54586185/CRITICAL ANALYSIS ON THE UNCITRAL MODEL LAWS ON E-

STALKING, SUBSEQUENT CRIMES, AND THE RESPONSE OF THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM IN INDIA. BY: MANJEET SINGH

Authors : MANJEET SINGH

Registration ID : 106822 Published Paper ID: IJLRA6822

Year : Feb-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : manjeetchaudhary64@gmail.com

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Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/02.2024-16919622/STALKING, SUBSEQUENT CRIMES, AND THE RESPONSE OF T

THE SOCIO ECONOMIC AND LEGAL PERSPECTIVE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE BY - DR. (ADVOCATE) MD. FAZLUR RAHMAN

Authors : DR. (ADVOCATE) MD. FAZLUR RAHMAN

Registration ID : 106821 Published Paper ID: IJLRA6821

Year : Feb-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : tilkamanji@gmail.com

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Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/02.2024-99198242/THE SOCIO ECONOMIC AND LEGAL PERSPECTIVE OF ARTIFI

ANIMAL TESTING REGULATION: LEGAL AND ETHICAL ISSUE BY - RAKSHA GIRISH

Authors : RAKSHA GIRISH

Registration ID : 106820 Published Paper ID: IJLRA6820

Year : Feb-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : raksha2702@gmail.com

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Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/02.2024-23669765/ANIMAL TESTING REGULATION: LEGAL AND ETHICAL ISSUE

BALANCING ACTS: EXPLORING DISTRIBUTIVE JUSTICE IN INTERNATIONAL TRADE GOVERNANCE - A WTO PERSPECTIVE BY - SRIJAN MISHRA

Authors : SRIJAN MISHRA

Registration ID : 106819 Published Paper ID: IJLRA6819

Year : Feb-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : srijanresearch@gmail.com

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Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/02.2024-66782875/BALANCING ACTS: EXPLORING DISTRIBUTIVE JUSTICE IN

GENDER NEUTRAL LAWS TO COMBAT SEXUAL VIOLENCE IN INDIA: A CRITICAL STUDY BY - REBECCA SARA GEORGE

Authors : REBECCA SARA GEORGE

Registration ID : 106818 Published Paper ID: IJLRA6818

Year : Feb-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : georgerebecca902@gmail.com

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Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/02.2024-35426612/GENDER NEUTRAL LAWS TO COMBAT SEXUAL VIOLENCE IN I

TOWARDS GENDER-NEUTRAL JUSTICE: A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF LEGAL REFORMS FOR EQUITABLE PROTECTION OF MENS RIGHTS IN INDIA BY - DHIRODATTO CHAUDHURI & ROHIT RAJ

Authors : DHIRODATTO CHAUDHURI & ROHIT RAJ

Registration ID : 106816 Published Paper ID: IJLRA6816 & IJLRA6817

Year : Feb-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : dhirodattowribhu@gmail.com & rowhitraaz@gmail.com

Page No : 15 | No of times Downloads: 0065

Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/02.2024-96669441/TOWARDS GENDER-NEUTRAL JUSTICE: A COMPREHENSIVE AN

International journal for legal research and analysis

Abbreviation:IJLRA

ISSN:2582-6433

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^{^[18]} Report of the Panel, Japan – SPF Dimension Lumber, L/6470 - 36S/167, available at http://www.sice.oas.org/dispute/gatt/88lumber.asp

^{^[20]} ARTICLE XXIV, Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization, 1867 U.N.T.S. 187, 33 I.L.M. 1153 (1994).

^{^[21]}Generalized System of Preferences, UNCTD, TD/B/GSP/FORM/2/Rev.1, available at https://unctad.org/system/files/official-document/tdbgspform2rev1_en.pdf

^{^[23]} Peter Bossche, The Law And Policy Of The World Trade Organization 42, Cambridge University Press, 2005.

^{^[24]} GATT Article III:8(A); GATT Article III:8(B)

^{^[25]} Https://Www.Wto.Org/English/Thewto_E/Glossary_E/National_Treatment_E.Htm, Oct. 30, 10:00 AM

^{^[28]} U Loewenheim, The Principle of National Treatment In The International Conventions Protecting Intellectual Property, MPI Studies On Intellectual Property, Springer, 2009.

^{^[29]} Frank Müller-Langer, “Does Parallel Trade Freedom Harm Consumers In Small Markets?”, Croatian Economic Survey Vol. 11, pp. 11-41, 2008.

^{^[30]} Http://Www.Who.Int/Medicines/Areas/Policy/Doha_Declaration/En/.

^{^[31]} Weil Ceramics & Glass, Inc. V. Dash, 878 F.2d 659, 11 USPQ2d 1001 (3d Cir. 1989).

^{^[32]} Carlos M Correa, Intellectual Property Rights, The WTO and Developing Countries, Zed Books 2000.

^{^[34]} Fink, Carsten, Entering the Jungle of Intellectual Property Rights Exhaustion and Parallel Importation, In Intellectual Property And Development: Lessons From Recent Economic Research, 177, Fink Maskus, Washington, 2005.

^{^[36]} Gervais, Daniel, The TRIPS Agreement: Drafting History and Analysis, Sweet & Maxwell, 2003.

^{^[38]} Paragraph 5(D) Of the Declaration on The TRIPS Agreement And Public Health, “The Effect Of The Provisions In The TRIPS Agreement That Are Relevant To The Exhaustion Of Intellectual Property Rights Is To Leave Each Member Free To Establish Its Own Regime For Such Exhaustion Without Challenge, Subject To The MFN And National Treatment Provisions Of Articles 3 And 4.”

^{^[39]} Keith E. Maskus Parallel Imports in Pharmaceuticals: Implications For Competition And Prices In Developing Countries, Geneva, Final Report To The World Intellectual Property Organization, 2001.

^{^[40]} Keith E Maskus, and Yongmin Chen, “Parallel Imports in A Model Of Vertical Distribution: Theory, Evidence, And Policy”, PACIFIC ECONOMIC REVIEW, Vol 7 No.2, pp. 319-334, 2002.

^{^[41]} Müller-Langer, Frank, “An Analysis of The Welfare Effects Of Parallel Trade Freedom”, Berkeley Electronic Press, German Working Papers In Law And Economics, Vol 9, 2008, available at Http://Www.Bepress.Com/Gwp/Default/Vol2008/Iss1/Art9.

^{^[43]} Ganslandt, Mattias and Keith E. Maskus, “Parallel Imports and The Pricing of Pharmaceutical Products: Evidence from The European Union”, JOURNAL OF HEALTH ECONOMICS, Vol 23 No. 5, 1035-1057 (2004).

^{^[45]} Alan O Sykes, “TRIPS, Pharmaceuticals, Developing Countries, And the Doha “Solution”, Chicago Journal Of International Law, Vol. 43 No. 1, pp. 7-68, 2002.

^{^[46]} Richard Schmalensee, “Output and Welfare Implications of Monopolistic Third-Degree Price Discrimination”, AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW, Vol. 71 No. 1, pp. 242-247, 1981.

^{^[47]} Joan Robinson, Economics of Imperfect Competition, Macmillan, 1933.

^{^[48]} Jacob Arfwedson, Re-importation (Parallel Trade) in Pharmaceuticals, Institute for Policy Innovation: Policy Report #182, July 2004. Available at https://www.ipi.org/docLib/PR182-ParallelTrade.pdf-OpenElement.pdf.

^{^[49]} Jackline I. Nyaga, Implementing Parallel Importation and Licensing Mechanism to Increase Access to Medicines In Kenya, (2009), (Unpublished PhD thesis, Stanford University).

^{^[50]} Kapil Wadhwa V. Samsung Electronics, 2013 (53) PTC 112 (Del.)

^{^[51]} Anna Scheuermann, Parallel Import of Pharmaceuticals in the EU, (2006), (Unpublished Thesis, Lunds University).

^{^[54]} The Least Developed Countries Report, 2007, UNCTAD/LDC/2007, available at https://unctad.org/publication/least-developed-countries-report-2007#:~:text=The%20least%20developed%20countries%20(LDCs,assets%2C%20and%20high%20economic%20vulnerability.

[1] Section 354 in The Indian Penal Code

354. Assault or criminal force to woman with intent to outrage her modesty.-Whoever assaults or uses criminal force to any woman, intending to outrage or knowing it to be likely that he will thereby outrage her modesty, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to two years, or with fine, or with both.

^{^[3]}Indian Penal Code (IPC) S. 354A. Sexual harassment and punishment for sexual harassment.

[i][354-A. Sexual harassment and punishment for sexual harassment.—(1) A man committing any of the following acts—

i. physical contact and advances involving unwelcome and explicit sexual overtures; or

ii. a demand or request for sexual favours; or

iii. showing pornography against the will of a woman; or

iv. making sexually coloured remarks, shall be guilty of the offence of sexual harassment.

(2) Any man who commits the offence specified in clause (i) or clause (ii) or clause (iii) of sub-section (1) shall be punished with rigorous imprisonment for a term which may extend to three years, or with fine, or with both.

(3) Any man who commits the offence specified in clause (iv) of sub-section (1) shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to one year, or with fine, or with both.]

[4]

S. 354 B	Assault or use of criminal force to woman with intent to disrobe

Any man who assaults or uses criminal force to any woman or abets such act with the intention of disrobing1 or compelling her to be naked, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which shall not be less than three years but which may extend to seven years, and shall also be liable to fine.

[5] Section 375 in The Indian Penal Code

1[375. Rape.—A man is said to commit “rape” who, except in the case hereinafter excepted, has sexual intercourse with a woman under circumstances falling under any of the six following descriptions:—

(First) — Against her will.

(Secondly) —Without her consent.

(Thirdly) — With her consent, when her consent has been obtained by putting her or any person in whom she is interested in fear of death or of hurt.

(Fourthly) —With her consent, when the man knows that he is not her husband, and that her consent is given because she believes that he is another man to whom she is or believes herself to be lawfully married.

(Fifthly) — With her consent, when, at the time of giving such consent, by reason of unsoundness of mind or intoxication or the administration by him personally or through another of any stupefying or unwholesome substance, she is unable to understand the nature and consequences of that to which she gives consent.

(Sixthly) — With or without her consent, when she is under sixteen years of age. Explanation.—Penetration is sufficient to constitute the sexual intercourse necessary to the offence of rape.

(Exception) —Sexual intercourse by a man with his own wife, the wife not being under fifteen years of age, is not rape.] STATE AMENDMENT

(Manipur) —(a) in clause sixthly, for the word “sixteen” substitute the word “fourteen”; and

(b) in the Exception, for the word “fifteen” substitute the word “thirteen”. [Vide Act 30 of 1950, sec. 3 (w.e.f. 16-4-1950) (made earlier than Act 43 of 1983)]. COMMENTS Absence of injury on male organ of accused Where a prosecutrix is a minor girl suffering from pain due to ruptured hymen and bleeding vagina depicts same, minor contradictions in her statements they are not of much value, also absence of any injury on male organ of accused is no valid ground for innocence of accused, conviction under section 375 I.P.C. proper; Mohd. Zuber Noor Mohammed Changwadia v. State of Gujarat, 1999 Cr LJ 3419 (Guj). Penetration Mere absence of spermatozoa cannot cast a doubt on the correctness of the prosecution case; Prithi Chand v. State of Himachal Pradesh, (1989) Cr LJ 841: AIR 1989 SC 702.

[6] The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012, s 3, s 5; The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (Amendment) Act, 2019

[7] The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012, s 1(d)

^{^[1]}A Cross-sectional Study of Gender-Based Violence against Men in the Rural Area of Haryana, India, available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6437789/ (Visited on January, 29, 2024)

[2] Male Victims, available at: https://endsexualviolence.org/where_we_stand/male-victims/ (Visited on January, 29, 2024)

[5] Deeptiman Tiwary, “10% of dowry cases false, government plans changes in law” The Times of India,Mar 22, 2015.

IJLRA	N. Raj Kumar ; Kamble Shivadayal . "Design of Fault Tolerance Parallel FFT’s Using Xilinx 14.5v" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals Volume 5 Issue 8 2022 Page 1-6
IEEE	N. Raj Kumar ; Kamble Shivadayal . "Design of Fault Tolerance Parallel FFT’s Using Xilinx 14.5v" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, 5(8)

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[52] Supra 48

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[3]Rafiq vs State of U.P, AIR 1981 SC 96.

[4]AIR 1953 MADHYA BHARAT 147

[6] 2002(6)ALD319

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^[52] Supra 48