THE RISE OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE DURING LOCKDOWN: A SOCIO-LEGAL STUDY BY - ANKANA BAL

Authors: ANKANA BAL

Registration ID: 108893 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8893

Year : Dec -2024 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id: ankana.india@gmail.com

Page No : 19 | No of times Downloads: 0065

DOI Link :: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/12.2024-67734315/THE RISE OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE DURING LOCKDOWN: A S

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ONE NATION ONE RATION SCHEME IN CHENNAI BY - A.P.AKSHY KHUMAR & MR.SUBIN ABRAHAM

Authors: A.P.AKSHY KHUMAR & MR.SUBIN ABRAHAM

Registration ID: 108891 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8891 & IJLRA8892

Year : Dec -2024 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id: akshykhumar629@gmail.com & subinkaranikulam98@gmail.com

Page No : 25 | No of times Downloads: 0065

DOI Link :: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/12.2024-24799479/IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ONE NATION ONE RATION SCHEME

WHETHER COMPANIES HAVE FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS OR NOT. BY - C THIRUVIKRAM

Authors: C THIRUVIKRAM

Registration ID: 108890 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8890

Year : Dec -2024 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id: thiruvikramchandrasekhar927@gmail.com

Page No : 13 | No of times Downloads: 0065

DOI Link :: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/12.2024-49195752/WHETHER COMPANIES HAVE FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS OR NOT.

THE SURGE OF CYBER OBSCENITY: SAFEGUARDING THE WOMEN BY - KIRTI BANAL

Authors: KIRTI BANAL

Registration ID: 108889 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8889

Year : Dec -2024 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id: shobhasharmaa889@gmail.com & kirtibanal0@gmail.com

Page No : 14 | No of times Downloads: 0065

DOI Link :: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/12.2024-35685161/THE SURGE OF CYBER OBSCENITY: SAFEGUARDING THE WOM

GOVERNANCE IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN INDIA – PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE BY: ASSISTANT PROFESSOR SHABNAM AKBAR PATHAN

Authors: ASSISTANT PROFESSOR SHABNAM AKBAR PATHAN

Registration ID: 1088788 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8888

Year : Dec -2024 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id: pathanshabnam80@gmail.com

Page No : 29 | No of times Downloads: 0065

DOI Link :: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/12.2024-61861423/GOVERNANCE IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN IND

NAVIGATING REFORMS: THE PROGRESSION OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE ADMINISTRATION IN INDIA BY - DR. AVNI SHARMA

Authors: DR. AVNI SHARMA

Registration ID: 1088787 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8887

Year : Dec -2024 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id: avnisharma249@gmail.com

Page No : 13 | No of times Downloads: 0065

DOI Link :: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/12.2024-25466627/NAVIGATING REFORMS: THE PROGRESSION OF CRIMINAL JU

AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF ANTI - RAPE LAWS IN INDIA: LEGAL FRAMEWORK AND SOCIETAL IMPACT BY - AADYA RASTOGI

Authors: AADYA RASTOGI

Registration ID: 1088786 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8886

Year : Dec -2024 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id: aadyarastogi1305@gmail.com

Page No : 14 | No of times Downloads: 0065

DOI Link :: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/12.2024-53965715/AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF ANTI - RAPE LAWS IN INDIA:

A CONTRASTING LEGAL POSITION OF INDIA & ITS NEIGHBOURS ON MARITAL RAPE BY: DAKSHITA SHARMA KATARE

Authors: DAKSHITA SHARMA KATARE

Registration ID: 1088785 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8885

Year : Dec -2024 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id: dakshitakatare@gmail.com

Page No : 15 | No of times Downloads: 0065

DOI Link :: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/12.2024-66524852/A CONTRASTING LEGAL POSITION OF INDIA & ITS NEIGHB

NECROPHILIA: A LEGAL VACUUM AND A NEED FOR A LEGISLATION AUTHORED BY - HITESH NARISETTY, NECROPHILIA: A LEGAL VACUUM AND A NEED FOR A LEGISLATION BY - HITESH NARISETTY, VALLIMIREDDY ABHINAV DEEP DORA & ROMIL ARYAN

Authors: HITESH NARISETTY, VALLIMIREDDY ABHINAV DEEP DORA & ROMIL ARYAN

Registration ID: 1088782 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8882, IJLRA8882 & IJLRA8883

Year : Dec -2024 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id: narisettyhitesh18@gmail.com, addv_law@vignan.ac.in & arr_law@vignan.ac.in

Page No : 15 | No of times Downloads: 0065

DOI Link :: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/12.2024-76666525/NECROPHILIA: A LEGAL VACUUM AND A NEED FOR A LEGIS

INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF RIGHTS OF PERSON WITH DISABILITY UNDER COPYRIGHT LAW BY - DIGSHIKHA PRIYADARSHANI & PALLAV MITTAL

Authors: DIGSHIKHA PRIYADARSHANI & PALLAV MITTAL

Registration ID: 1088780 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8880 & IJLRA8881

Year : Dec -2024 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id: digshikha5@gmail.com & pallavmittal.in@gmail.com

Page No : 13 | No of times Downloads: 0065

DOI Link :: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/12.2024-17554124/INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT FOR THE DE

International journal for legal research and analysis

Abbreviation:IJLRA

ISSN:2582-6433

Website:https://www.ijlra.com/

Accessibility:Open Access

License:Creative Commons 4.0

Submit Manuscript:Click here

Licensing:

All research articles published INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS are fully open access. i.e. immediately freely available to read, download and share. Articles are published under the terms of a Creative Commons license which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Disclaimer:

The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors. They do not purport to reflect the opinions or views of the INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS or its members. The designations employed in this publication and the presentation of material therein do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS

[1] Antonio Guterres, the Secretary General, United Nations (6 April 2020)

<https://twitter.com/antonioguterres?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Eauthor> accessed 11 June, 2024.

[2] Johns Hopkins University, ‘Territories with Confirmed cases with COVID-19’(Alzejeera, 20 September 2020) <https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/01/countries-confirmed-cases-coronavirus-200125070959786.html> accessed 20 September, 2024.

[3] Press Release, ‘COVID-19: Stopping the rise in domestic violence during lockdown, European Parliament’ (European Parliament, 7 April 2020) <https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/press-room/20200406IPR76610/covid-19-stopping-the-rise-in-domestic-violence-during-lockdown> accessed 5 June, 2024.

[4] ‘Everything on her shoulders: Rapid assessment on gender and violence against women and girls in the Ebola outbreak in Beni, DRC’ (International Rescue Committee, 15 March 2020)

<https://www.rescue.org/report/everything-her-shoulders-rapid-assessment-gender-and-violence-against-women-and-girls-ebola> accessed 24 July, 2024.

[5] Claire M. Renzetti, ‘Economic Stress and Domestic Violence’ CRVAW Faculty Research Reports and Papers (UKnowledge, September 2009) <https://uknowledge.uky.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1000&context=crvaw_reports> accessed July 23, 2024.

[6] Jacqui True, ‘Gendered violence in natural disasters: Learning from New Orleans, Haiti and Christchurch’ 25(2) ANZSW (2013) 78.

[8] ‘Summary Report on WHO Multi-country Study on Women’s Health and Domestic Violence against Women’ (WHO 2005) <http://dspace.ceid.org.tr/xmlui/bitstream/handle/1/93/ekutuphane4.1.6.4.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y> accessed 25 July, 2024.

[9] Haley Ott, ‘U.K. domestic violence charity says calls have surged 66& as coronavirus lockdown continues’ (CBS NEWS, May 27 2020) <https://www.cbsnews.com/news/uk-domestic-violence-charity-huge-spike-calls-for-help-as-coronavirus-lockdown-continues/> accessed 9 June, 2024.

[12] Natalie Higgins, ‘Coronavirus: When home gets violent under lockdown in Europe’ BBC News (Brussels, 13 April 2020) <https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-52216966>, accessed 02 June 2020

[14] Stephen Burgen, ‘Women killed in Spain as coronavirus lockdown sees rise in domestic violence’ The (Guardian, 28 April 2020) <https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2020/apr/28/three-women-killed-in-spain-as-coronavirus-lockdown-sees-rise-in-domestic-violence> accessed 20 June, 2024.

[17] Interview with Teresa May, Former Prime Minister of U.K., ‘Coronavirus: Lockdown exit must take domestic abuse rise into account – May’ (BBC NEWS, 28 April 28 2020)

<https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-52453372> accessed 18 June, 2024.

[19]Amanda Taub and Jane Bradley, ‘As Domestic Abuse Rises, U.K. Failings Leave Victims in Peril’ (The New York Times, 2 July 2 2020) <https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/07/02/world/europe/uk-coronavirus-domestic-abuse.html> accessed 20 July, 2024.

[22] Emily Sherwin, ‘Moscow hotel hosts domestic violence survivors as abuse cases soar’ (DW, 6 June 2020) available at <https://www.dw.com/en/moscow-hotel-hosts-domestic-violence-survivors-as-abuse-cases-soar/a-53693748> accessed 15 June, 2024.

[23] Emma Graham-Harrison, Angela Giuffrida, Helena Smith, Liz Ford, ‘Lockdown around the world bring rise in domestic violence’ (The Guardian, 28 March 2020) <https://www.theguardian.com/society/2020/mar/28/lockdowns-world-rise-domestic-violence> accessed 26 June, 2024.

[24] Yaya Sanni, Hudani Alzahra, Buh Amos, Bishwajit Ghose, ‘Prevalence and Predictors of Intimate Partner Violence Among Married Women in Egypt’ (13 November 2019) <https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260519888196> accessed 28 June, 2024.

[26] Amanda Taub, ‘A New Covid-19 Crisis: Domestic Abuse Rises Worldwide’ (New York Times, 06 April 2020)

accessed 24 June, 2024.

[27] Graham-Harrison, Giuffrida, Smith, Ford, supra note 23.

[28] Lachmi Deb Roy, ‘Blame It On COVID-19: Domestic Violence on The Rise, Are men Putting More Pressure On Women?’ (The Outlook, 20 April 20 2020),

<https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/india-news-a-monster-at-home/303071> accessed 29 June, 2024.

[29] Rukmini S, ‘Locked down with abusers: India sees surge in domestic violence’ (Aljazeera, 8 April 2020) < https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/04/locked-abusers-india-domestic-violence-surge-200415092014621.html> accessed 29 June, 2024.

[31] Elaine Enarson, ‘Violence Against Women in Disaster’ 5(7) SP (1999) 742.

[32] Melissa Godin, ‘As Cities Around the world Go on Lockdown, Victims of Domestic Violence Look for a Way Out’ (Time, 18 March 2020) <https://time.com/5803887/coronavirus-domestic-violence-victims/> accessed 5 July, 2024.

[33] Jhumka Gupta, ‘What does coronavirus mean for violence against women?’ (Women’s Media Centre, March 19, 2020) <https://womensmediacenter.com/news-features/what-does-coronavirus-mean-for-violence-against-women> accessed July 10, 2024.

[34] UN Women Rapid Assessment Survey, ‘Surveys show that COVID-19 has gendered effects in Asia and the Pacific’ (UN Women Hub, 28 April 2020) accessed 10 July, 2024.

[35] Ibid., preliminary results of four countries: Bangladesh, Cambodia, Maldives & Pakistan.

[36] Burgen, supra note 14.

Ana Bella, a survivor of abuse & the founder of ‘Fundación Ana Bella to fight gender violence’, said.

[37] ‘Amidst Coronavirus Pandemic, UNDP rings the alarm on domestic violence’, UNDP (24 April 2020) available at <https://www.eurasia.undp.org/content/rbec/en/home/stories/coronavirus-pandemic-albania-domestic-violence.html> accessed 02 June, 2024.

[38] Prosecutor v. Furundlija, Case No. IT-95- 17/l-T (10 December 1998) 159-164, 174, 186.

[39] Judith Lewis Herman, ‘Complex PSTD: A Syndrome in Survivors of Prolonged and Repeated Truma’ 0076 (1992) 5(3) JTS 383.

[41] Michael P. Johnson, ‘Patriarchal Terrorism and Common Couple Violence: Two Forms of Violence Against Women’ (1995) 57 JMF 283.

[42] Amnesty International, ‘Broken Bodies, Shattered Minds: Torture and Ill-treatment of Women’, Report Index no. ACT40/001/2001, March 6 2001 <http://web.amnesty.org/library/Index/engact4000l200l> accessed 13 July, 2024.

[44] Elizabeth M. Schneider, ‘Battered Women & Feminist Law Making’ 25 (Yale University Press, London, 2000).

[45] Judith Resnik, ‘Categorical Federalism: Jurisdiction, Gender, and the Globe’ (2001) 111 YLJ 619.

[46] Celina Romany, ‘State Responsibility Goes Private: A Feminist Critique of the Public/Private Distinction in International Human Rights Law’ in Rebecca J. Cook (ed.) Human Rights of Women: National Ans International Perspectives (University of Pennsylvania Press, 1994) 85, 99.

[47] Deborah M. Weissman, ‘The Personal Is Political-and Economic: Rethinking Domestic Violence’ (2007) 2 BLR 387.

[48] Pualani Enos, ‘Prosecuting Battered Mothers: State Law's Failure to Protect Battered Women and Abused Children’ (1996) 19 HWLJ 229, 231.

[49] Isabel Marcus, ‘Refraining Domestic Violence: Terrorism in the Home’ in Martha A. Fineman, Roxanne & Mykitiuk (eds.) The Public Nature of Private Violence: The Discovery of Domestic Abuse 11 (Taylor and Francis, 1994) 26-27.

[50] Vicki Jackson, ‘What Judges Can Learn from Gender Bias Task Force Studies’ (July-Aug. 1997) 81 JUDICATURE 15.

[51] because, for example, the abuser may be the breadwinner, the father of the victim's children.

[52] Bonita Meyersfeld, ‘Domestic Violence, Health, And International Law’ (2008) 22(1) EILR 68.

[53] UK Domestic Violence, Crime and Victims Act, 2004.

[54] ‘Domestic Violence Disclosure Scheme: Guidance’ (UK); ‘Disclosure Scheme for Domestic Abuse’ (Scotland).

[58] European Institute for Gender Equality, ‘Combating violence against women: France’ (2016) accessed 30 June, 2020.

[59] Aurelien Breeden, ‘France announces new measures to tackle domestic violence’, New York Times, 25 November 2019 available at <https://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/25/world/europe/france-domestic-violence.html> accessed 14 July, 2024.

[61] Carmen Vives?Cases, ‘Intimate partner violence against women in Spain’, 60(8) (2006) JECH 652-653.

[62] Article 1, Sophie Mak, ‘China’s Hidden Epidemic: Domestic Violence’ (The Diplomat, 6 April 2020) <https://thediplomat.com/2020/04/chinas-hidden-epidemic-domestic-violence/>Accessed 12 July, 2024.

[65] Janette Akhilgova, ‘COVID-19 Conversations: Russia is Failing to Protect Victims of Domestic Violence’ (Equality Now, 1 May 2020) <https://www.equalitynow.org/covid_19_russia_dv> accessed 11 July, 2024.

[66] Flavia Agnes, ‘What Survivors of Domestic Violence Need from Their New Government’ (27 April 2019) 54 (17) EPW <https://www.epw.in/engage/article/what-survivors-domestic-violence-need-their-new> Accessed 20 July, 2024.

^{^[1]} A.P. Akshy khumar,5th year, B.com, LLB.,(HONS) 131904003,SAVEETHA SCHOOL OF LAW,SAVEETHA INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL AND TECHNICAL SCIENCE , SAVEETHA UNIVERSITY, CHENNAI - 600007 ,EMAIL ID: akshykhumar629@gmail.com Contact no.: 6383585342

^{^[2]} Mr.Subin Abraham, BA., LL.B ( HONS), LL.M,Assistant professor,Saveetha school of law,Saveetha institute of medical and technical science (SIMATS),Chennai,Contact no: 87788 69845Email id: subinkaranikulam98@gmail.com

[1] Saurabh dubey, (Cyber Crime and Cyber Laws : A Perspective of Women Victimization), 6 IJARCT 643 (2021)

[2] Shobhna Jeet, (Cyber-crimes against women in India: Information Technology Act, 2000) Elixir Criminal Law 47 (2012)

[3] Available at https://papers.ssrn.com visited on 21 February 2024.

[6] Karnika Seth, (Cyber Crime Against Women: An Indian Law Perspective) 7 LWLJ 21 (2024)

[8] Sanjeev Kumar, Priyanka, (Cyber Crime Against Women: Right To Privacy And Other Issues), 5 JLSR 161 (2019).

[12] Jaishankar Karuppannan, (Cyber Crimes Against Women In India), 43 (Sage Publication ,2017)

[13]Available at https://www.xournals.com visited on 24 February 2024 at 2:30 p.m

[16]Available at https://www.ijlmh.com visited on 24 February 2024 at 4:01 p.m

[18]Available at https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com visited on 24 February 2024 at 4:59 p.m

[20]Manisha Kathuria Vs RituKohli, C.C. No. 16616/2014

[21]Available at https://www.legalserviceindia.com visited on 24 February 2024 at 5;02 p.m

[22] Shashva Mishra, (Dimension Of Cyber Crime Against Women In India – An Overview), 5 IJRAR 976 (2018)

[27]Available at https://pcpc.gov.in visited on 24 February 2024 at 10:33 p.m.

[30]Available at https://www.journalppw.com last visited on 24 February 2024 at 10:51 p.m.

[32]Available at https://ijlmh.com last visited on 24 February 2024 at 11:05 p.m.

[1] Ministry of Human Resource Development. (2020). National Education Policy 2020. Government of India.

[2] University Grants Commission. (2019). Annual Report 2018-19. UGC.

[3] University Grants Commission. (2019). Annual Report 2018-19. UGC.

[4] Agarwal, P. (2017). Higher education governance in India: Principles and practices. Journal of Educational Policy, 25(3), 567-590.

[5] Tilak, J. B. G. (2018). Higher Education in India: In Search of Equality, Quality and Quantity. Sage Publications.

[6] University Grants Commission. (2019). Annual Report 2018-19. UGC.

[7] Agarwal, P. (2017). Higher education governance in India: Principles and practices. Journal of Educational Policy, 25(3), 567-590.

[8] University Grants Commission. (2019). Annual Report 2018-19. UGC.

[9] Ministry of Education. (2021). NEP 2020 implementation guidelines.

[10] Ministry of Education. (2021). NEP 2020 implementation guidelines

[11] Agarwal, P. (2017). Higher education governance in India: Principles and practices. Journal of Educational Policy, 25(3), 567-590.

[12] Sharma, R. C. (2019). Governance in Higher Education Institutions. Academic Press.

[13] Basu, S. (2020). Institutional autonomy and accountability in higher education. Economic and Political Weekly, 55(14), 23-29.

[14] Agarwal, P. (2017). Higher education governance in India: Principles and practices. Journal of Educational Policy, 25(3), 567-590.

[15] Agarwal, P. (2017). Higher education governance in India: Principles and practices. Journal of Educational Policy, 25(3), 567-590.

[16] Ministry of Education. (2021). NEP 2020 implementation guidelines.

[17] Ministry of Education. (2021). NEP 2020 implementation guidelines.

[18] Ministry of Education. (2021). NEP 2020 implementation guidelines.

[19] Ministry of Education. (2021). NEP 2020 implementation guidelines.

[20] Ministry of Education. (2021). NEP 2020 implementation guidelines.

[4] Diya Vig (2024) www.jaagrukbharat.com Rape Cases in India - Statistics & State Wise Cases 2024

[5] Kartik Kanodia( 2024) https://lawfullegal.in/seeking-justice-the-1992-ajmer-rape-scandal-case/ Seeking Justice: The 1992 Ajmer Rape Scandal Case.

[8] Mukesh and Anrs. Vs NCT Delhi (Nirbhaya Case)(2017) 6 SCC 1

[11] Tukaram and others Vs. State of Maharashtra, AIR 1979 SC 185

[12] Aishwarya Agrawal (2024) https://lawbhoomi.com/mathura-rape-case/ Mathura Rape Case [Tukaram and Another vs State of Maharashtra]

[17] Mohd. Akhtar vs The State Of Jammu And Kashmir AIR 2018 SC

[1] Claire Provost, “UN Women justice report: get the data” The Guardian, Jul. 6, 2011.

[2] Deosthali, P. B., Rege, S., & Arora, S., “Women's experiences of marital rape and sexual violence within marriage in India: evidence from service records” 29(2) Sexual and reproductive health matters 2048455 (2021).

[3] Agarwal, N., Abdalla, S. M., & Cohen, G. H., “Marital rape and its impact on the mental health of women in India: A systematic review” 2(6) PLOS global public health e0000601 (2022).

[4] Bagchi, S.S., Paul, S., “Violence during lockdowns in India” 7 Nat Hum Behav 306–307 (2023).

[5] Challenge to the Marital Rape Exception, available at: https://www.scobserver.in/cases/challenge-to-the-marital-rape-exception/ (last visited on December 22, 2024).

[7] Rao, Hamza, “Marital rape: Is it criminalised in Pakistan?” Daily Pakistan Global, Aug. 31, 2017.

[8] Khan, Myra “Rape Laws in Pakistan” The Legal Brief, Feb. 21, 2015.

[9] U.S. Department of State Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor, “2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices” (April, 2018).

[10] UN Secretary-General, In -depth study on all forms of violence against women, UN Doc A/61/122/Add.1 (Jul. 6, 2006).

[11] “New law sets five -year jail term for marital rape” The Himalayan Times, Oct. 29, 2017.

^{^[1]} MERRIAMWEBSTER, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/necrophilia, (last visited Aug. 1, 2024).

^{^[2]} WORLDHISTROY, https://www.worldhistory.org/article/89/herodotus-on-burial-in-egypt/, (last visited Aug. 2, 2024).

^{^[3]}SPRINGER, https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1057/9781137030306_10, (last visited Aug. 2, 2024).

^{^[4]} WIKIGENEDU, https://wiki.gen.edu.vn/en/Necrophilia, (last visited Aug. 2, 2024).

^{^[6]} MBA, https://www.mha.gov.in/sites/default/files/250883_english_01042024.pdf, (last visited Aug. 2, 2024).

^{^[8]} MBA, https://www.mha.gov.in/sites/default/files/250883_english_01042024.pdf, (last visited Aug. 10, 2024).

^{^[9]} Rangaraju @ Vajapeyi vs State Of Karnataka, Cr.A.no. 1610 of 2017.

^{^[11]} Navtej Singh Johar vs Union Of India Ministry Of Law And, AIR 2018 SUPREME COURT 4321

^{^[12]} Ramji Singh @ Mujeeb Bhai vs State Of U.P. Thru' Principal Secy., PIL NO. 38985 OF 2004.

^{^[13]} LEGISLATION, https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2003/42/section/70#commentary-c20916631, (last visited Aug. 15, 2024).

^{^[14]} LEGISLATION, https://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/1961/0043/latest/DLM329287.html, (last visited Aug. 15, 2024).

^{^[15]} SAPS, https://www.saps.gov.za/resource_centre/acts/downloads/sexual_offences/sexual_offences_act32_2007_eng., (last visited Aug. 15, 2024).

^{^[16]} Surendra Koli vs State Thru C.B.I., 2023:AHC:199091-DB.

^{^[17]} TRIBUNEINDIA, https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/nation/palghar-stunned-by-necrophilia-a-man-raped-womans-corpse-108480, (last visited Aug. 21, 2024).

^{^[18]}TIMESOFINDIA, https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/erickshaw-driver-arrested-for-murder-and-necrophilia-in-jalandhar/articleshow/107040593.cms, (last visited Aug. 20, 2024).

^{^[19]} FINANCIALEXPRESS, https://www.financialexpress.com/india-news/assam-shocker-hospital-staff-rapes-minor-girls-corpse-in-karimganjarrested/3451176/lite/#amp_tf=From%20%251%24s&aoh=17210544319265&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com, (last visited Aug. 25, 2024).

[1] Assistant Professor, The ICFAI University Dehrdaun

summary_berne.html, Summary of the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works (1886)

[4]Christophe Giger, Daniel Gervais and Martin Senftleben, Understanding Three Step test,

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/298519957

[5] https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/berne/summary_berne.html

[6] https://www.wto.org/english/news_e/news00_e/1234da.pdf, WTO,WT/DS160R, June 15, 2000, United State Section 110(5) of the Copyright Act, Report of the Penal.

[7] WIPO Copyright Treaty, pmbl., Dec. 20, 1996, 2186 U.N.T.S. 121, 36 I.L.M. 65; see also WIPO Diplomatic Conference on Certain Copyright and Neighboring Rights Questions, Geneva, Dec. 2–20, 1996, Basic Proposal for the Substantive Provisions of the Treaty on Intellectual Property in Respect of Databases to Be Considered by the Diplomatic Conference, art. 12 n.12.09, WIPO Doc. CRNR/DC/4 (Aug. 30, 1996) [hereinafter WIPO Diplomatic Conference, Basic Proposal] (discussing the need for balance in similar language as the preamble)

[8] See WIPO Copyright Treaty, supra note, (“Recognizing the Need to Maintain a Balance Between the Rights of Authors and the Larger Public Interest.”); see also World Intellectual Property Organization Performances and Phonograms Treaty pmbl., Dec. 20, 1996, S. TREATY DOC. No. 105-17, 2186 U.N.T.S. 203 (1997)

[10] WIPO Diplomatic Conference, Basic Proposal, supra note 7, art. 12 n.12.09

[11] See WIPO Diplomatic Conference on Certain Copyright and Neighboring Rights Questions, Geneva, Dec. 2–20, 1996, Summary Minutes, Main Committee I, para. 488, WIPO Doc. CRNR/DC/102 (Aug. 26, 1997) [hereinafter WIPO Diplomatic Conference, Aug. 26, 1997, available at https://www.wipo.int/meetings/en/details.jsp?meeting_id=3010&la=EN, also see www.wipo.int/export/sites/www/treaties/en/documents/prep-docs/1996_dec_Geneva_348-vol1-en.pdf

[14] See id. para. 491 (arguing that Paragraph 2 is redundant and would overly burden contracting states) https://www.wipo.int/meetings/en/details.jsp?meeting_id=3010&la=EN

[15] See id. para. 492 https://www.wipo.int/meetings/en/details.jsp?meeting_id=3010&la=EN

[16]Dr. Mihály J. Ficsor, commentary to the marrakesh treaty ON accessible format copies for the visually impaired Dr. Mihály J. Ficsor

[17]Ibid, available at http://www.copyrightseesaw.net/en/papers?page=3

[18] Ibid note 44, available at http://www.copyrightseesaw.net/en/papers?page=3

[19] See Report of the Panel, 15 June 2000, WTO Document WT/DS160/R, online available at www.wto.org, para. 6.108.

[20] The panel held, for instance, that the term “homestyle equipment” was sufficiently clear and that detailed technical specifications were not necessary. See WTO Panel, ibid., para. 6.145.

[21] See WTO Panel, ibid., para. 6.112. Cf. J.C. Ginsburg,

IJLRA	N. Raj Kumar ; Kamble Shivadayal . "Design of Fault Tolerance Parallel FFT’s Using Xilinx 14.5v" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals Volume 5 Issue 8 2022 Page 1-6
IEEE	N. Raj Kumar ; Kamble Shivadayal . "Design of Fault Tolerance Parallel FFT’s Using Xilinx 14.5v" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, 5(8)

THE RISE OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE DURING LOCKDOWN: A SOCIO-LEGAL STUDY BY - ANKANA BAL

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ONE NATION ONE RATION SCHEME IN CHENNAI BY - A.P.AKSHY KHUMAR & MR.SUBIN ABRAHAM

WHETHER COMPANIES HAVE FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS OR NOT. BY - C THIRUVIKRAM

THE SURGE OF CYBER OBSCENITY: SAFEGUARDING THE WOMEN BY - KIRTI BANAL

GOVERNANCE IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN INDIA – PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE BY: ASSISTANT PROFESSOR SHABNAM AKBAR PATHAN

NAVIGATING REFORMS: THE PROGRESSION OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE ADMINISTRATION IN INDIA BY - DR. AVNI SHARMA

AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF ANTI - RAPE LAWS IN INDIA: LEGAL FRAMEWORK AND SOCIETAL IMPACT BY - AADYA RASTOGI

A CONTRASTING LEGAL POSITION OF INDIA & ITS NEIGHBOURS ON MARITAL RAPE BY: DAKSHITA SHARMA KATARE

NECROPHILIA: A LEGAL VACUUM AND A NEED FOR A LEGISLATION AUTHORED BY - HITESH NARISETTY, NECROPHILIA: A LEGAL VACUUM AND A NEED FOR A LEGISLATION BY - HITESH NARISETTY, VALLIMIREDDY ABHINAV DEEP DORA & ROMIL ARYAN

INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF RIGHTS OF PERSON WITH DISABILITY UNDER COPYRIGHT LAW BY - DIGSHIKHA PRIYADARSHANI & PALLAV MITTAL

LAW JOURNAL

IMPORTANT LINKS

ETHICS & POLICY

Citation

[6] Jacqui True, ‘Gendered violence in natural disasters: Learning from New Orleans, Haiti and Christchurch’ 25(2) ANZSW (2013) 78.

Citation

Citation

Citation

Citation

Citation

Citation

Citation

Citation

Citation

[3]https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/berne/summary_berne.html, Summary of the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works (1886)

Citation 2