INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS

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a) [1]directly or indirectly determines purchase or sale prices;

b) limits or controls production, supply, markets, technical development, investment or provision of services;

c) shares the market or source of production or provision of services by way of allocation of geographical area of market, or type of goods or services, or number of customers in the market or any other similar way;

d) directly or indirectly results in bid rigging or collusive bidding, shall be presumed to have an appreciable adverse effect on competition:

[2] “agreement” includes any arrangement or understanding or action in concert,

(i) whether or not, such arrangement, understanding or action is formal or in writing; or

(ii) whether or not such arrangement, understanding or action is intended to be enforceable by legal proceedings;

a) [3] creation of barriers to new entrants in the market;

b) driving existing competitors out of the market;

c) foreclosure of competition by hindering entry into the market;

d) accrual of benefits to consumers;

e) improvements in production or distribution of goods or provision of services;

f) promotion of technical, scientific and economic development by means of production or distribution of goods or provision of services.

[4] FICCI Multiplex Association of India v United Producers/Distributors Forum and Ors , 25^th May, 2011

[5] Orders by Commission after inquiry into agreements or abuse of dominant position., Where after inquiry the Commission finds that any agreement referred to in section 3 or action of an enterprise in a dominant position, is in contravention of section 3 or section 4, as the case may be, it may pass all or any of the following orders, namely-

(a) direct to discontinue and not to re-enter such agreement or discontinue such abuse of dominant position, as the case may be;

(b) impose such penalty, as it may deem fit

(d) direct that the agreements shall stand modified to the extent and in the manner as may be specified in the order

(e) direct the enterprises to abide by such other orders as the Commission may pass and comply with the directions

(f) recommend to the Central Government for the division of an enterprise enjoying dominant position;

(g) pass such other order as it may deem fit.

[1] Available at http://streetlaw.org/en/case/1%22 (last visited on 30 December, 2021).

[2] Prashant Gupta, “Doctrine of Judicial Review: A Comparative Analysis Between India, U.K. and U.S.A” IJLDAI 49

[9] M.Laxmikanth, Indian Polity (Tata McGraw Hill Education Private Limited, New Delhi, 2010)

[10] H.C.L. Meillat, University of Toronto Law Journal, Vol. 15, 1963-64, pp. 489-492, quoted by P. Ravi Jashuva

[11] Justice CK Thakkar and Justice Arijit Pasayat, Dr. CD Jha Judicial Review of Legislative Acts 116 (2nd, Lexis Nexis Butterworths Wadhwa, Nagpur 2009)

[12] Ram Jawaya Kapoor v. State of Punjab, AIR 1955 SC 549 at 556.

[13] Encyclopedia of the American Constitution 1054 (1986), quoted by V. Nageswara Rao and G.B.Reddy, Doctrine of Judicial Review and Tribunals: Speed Breakers Ahead, ”(1997) 39 JILI. 415.

[16] P. Sambhamurthy v. State of A.P. AIR 1987 SC 663; Kihota v. Zachillu (1992) Supp. (2) SCC 651; L. Chandra Kumar v. U.O.I. AIR 1997 SC 1125.

[17] D.D. Basu, Commentary on the constitution of India, 5th Ed., Vol. 1, p. 170.

[21] Hon’ble Mr. K.G. Balakrishnan, Judicial Activism under the Indian Constitution available at http://www.sci.nic.in/speeches/speeches_2009/judicial_activism_tcd_dublin_14-10-09.pdf , Visited on 31.11.2021

[22] Evolution & Growth Of Judicial Activism In India’, Shodhganga at 79, available at http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/32340/8/09_chapter%203.pdf (Last accessed on 10.12.2021).

[26] Flathman Richard (1994). ‘Liberalism and the suspect Enterprise of political Institutionalism: the case of the Rule of Law’, The Rule of Law: Nomos XXXVI, New York: New York University Press

[27] Church of Scientology v Woodward, (1983) 57 ALJR 42

[31] Seervai H M (1993). Constitutional Law of India, Bombay: Tripathi Publishers.

[32] Khanna H R (1987). Neither Roses nor Thorns, Lucknow: Eastern Book Company

[1] Dr.Yogender, Juvenile Delinquency system in india: an Appraisal, Academic views & reviews, vol.no.6 (No. ii & iii) July – December, 2016

[3] Section 13 of The Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015

[4] Section 14 of The Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015

[5] Article 1 of the UN Convention on the Rights of Child, 1989.

[6] Section 7(2) 0f the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection) Act, 2015

[7] Galting, F.P., Aggression among delinquents and non-delinquency: A review. Britisli Journal of Criminology, 12 (2), 1972.

[8] Sec A.M. vs Jeery Ruttier, 360 F.3d 787 (7th Cir. 2004)

[9] For a discussion of social tension during this era, see. Fink.L. (Edn.) 2001. Major Problems in the Gilded Age and the Progressive Era: Documents and essays (2nd Ed.) Boston: Houthon Miffin.

[10] Kaldate, S.V., Juvenile delinquency in developing countries, Indian Journal of Criminology, 6 (2), 1978, 100.

[11] International Journal of Interdisciplinary and Multidisciplinary Studies (IJIMS), 2014, Vol 1, No.6, 64- 70.

[13] [Criminal Appeal No. 1403 of 2012 Special Leave Petition (CRL) No. 7271 of 2011]

[27] First Published 2004. Ved Kumari, The Juvenile Justice System in India from Welfare to Rights, Oxford University Press, New Delhi.

[28] Yogesh Snehi, ?State and Child Justice: Stories of Delinquent Juveniles in Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 39, No. 41, 9 October 2004, pp. 4512?4515

[29] (3rd ed., 2012) R. N. Choudhary, Law relating to Juvenile Justice in India

[30] The Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Amendment Bill, 2021. (n.d.). PRS LEGISLATIVE RESEARCH. Retrieved December 4, 2022, from https://prsindia.org/billtrack/the-juvenile-justice-care-and- protection-of-children-amendment-bill-2021

[31] Prof. Najmi, Mohd. Juvenile Delinquency ? Its Causes and Remedies, 25 CBI Bulletin, 1991.

[1] “Global Women’s issues: Women in the world today, extended version chapter 11 :women and environment”, available on https://opentextbc.ca/womenintheworld/chapter/11

[2] Shiva,Vandana and Maria Mies, “Ecofeminism.London”, 2014, Zed Books

[3] “Women and life on Earth: what is ecofeminism”, available on www.Wloe.org/what-is-ecofeminism.76.0.html

[1] Navsarjan Trust v. Gujarat, (2011) 3 SCC 362.

[2] South India Cell for Human Rights Education and Monitoring v. Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board, (2013) 8 SCC 243.

[3] All India Muslim Personal Law Board v. National Commission for Women, (2003) 10 SCC 735.

[4] Constitution of India, art. 14, 21, 19.

[5] International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 1966; Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, 1966.

[6] The Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989, No. 33 of 1989 (India).

[7] Environment Protection Act, 1986; Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974.

[8] National Commission for Minorities Act, 1992, No. 19 of 1992 (India).

[9] Gold, M. (2018). Ethics in legal research: A practical guide. Federation Press.

[10] Brown, A. J. (2016). Ethical considerations of legal research. Cogent Social Sciences, 2(1), doi:10.1080/23311886.2016.1245517.

[11] Smith, I. R., & Blackwood, L. (2018). Sensitive legal research: Ethical issues and considerations. In Research Methods in Law (2nd ed.) (pp. 529-557). Routledge.

[12] World Medical Association. (2013). Declaration of Helsinki: Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects. JAMA. 310(20), 2191-4.

[13] Nuffield Council on Bioethics. (2014). Conducting research online: A guide to online research ethics. Nuffield Council on Bioethics.

[14] American Bar Association. (2007). Model Rules of Professional Conduct.

[15] MCI. (2006). Indian Council of Medical Research guidelines: Ethical guidelines for biomedical research on human participants, 2006.

[16] Corbin, J. H., & Strauss, A. (2015). Basics of qualitative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory. Sage publications.

[17] McEvoy, G., & Richards, R. (2015). Ethics and legal research: Addressing the normative gaps between method and impact. Legal Studies, 35(4), 635-656.

[18] Johnson, A. (2018). Ethical dilemmas in legal research. Annual Review of Law and Social Science, 14, 83-99.

[19] Tufford, L., & Newman, P. (2010). Bracketing in qualitative research. Qualitative Social Work, 11(1), 80-96.

[20] Gold, M. (2018). Ethics in legal research: A practical guide. Federation Press.

[21] Hesse-Biber, S. N., & Leavy, P. (2011). The practice of qualitative research. Sage.

[22] Hesse-Biber, S. N., & Leavy, P. (2011). The practice of qualitative research. Sage.

[23] Brown, A. J. (2016). Ethical considerations of legal research. Cogent Social Sciences, 2(1)

[24] Smith, I. R., & Blackwood, L. (2018). Sensitive legal research: Ethical issues and considerations. In Research Methods in Law (2nd ed.) (pp. 529-557). Routledge.

[25] Bhaskar, A., Godbole, T., & Lakhotia, S. (2016). Current and emerging issues in ethical conduct in research. Perspectives in Clinical Research, 7(4), 156.

[26] Erem, M. N. (2020). The Ethics of Conducting Research on Human Rights Violations. Human Rights Review, 21(3), 317-330.

[28] Chinyere, A. F. (2017). Human Rights violations against women: An Analysis of International Human Rights Legal Frameworks. Journal of International Women's Studies, 18(2), 41-52.

[29] Cook, M. A., & Foster, L. V. (2021). Human rights monitoring and big data: Anchoring new systems of evidence-based advocacy. Social Science & Medicine, 114352.

[30] Reverby, S. M. (2013). Ethical failures and history lessons: the US Public Health Service research studies in Guatemala and Tuskegee. Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics, 41(3), 663-673.

[31] Thomas, S. B., Quinn, S. C., & Billingsley, A. (1994). The Tuskegee syphilis study, 1932 to 1972: implications for HIV education and AIDS risk education programs in the black community. American journal of public health, 84(11), 1762-1767.

[32] Sassoon, J. (2001). Environmental justice and citizenship in India: The Bhopal gas disaster. Political Geography, 20(4), 407-432.

[33] Pearce, T., Wright, P., Notaina, R., Kudlak, A., & Smit, B. (2012). “I don’t think climate change is helping at all:” Inuit perspectives on climate vulnerability and adaptation in Labrador.” Canada. Regional environmental change, 12(1), 131-143.

[34] Caputi, T. L., Mazerolle, L. G., & Muloin, S. H. (2017). Building effective community trust: a review of the literature and the experience of the Australian Community Capacity Building Program. Journal of Experimental Criminology, 13(4), 509-534.

[35] Indian Council of Medical Research. (2017). National ethical guidelines for biomedical research involving children. Retrieved from https://www.icmr.nic.in/sites/default/files/guidelines/National_Ethical_Guidelines_for_Biomedical_Research_in volving_Children.pdf (last visited on April 15, 2023).

[36] Rajamani, L. (2012). The Paris Agreement: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly. Journal of Energy & Environmental Law, 3(2).

[37] Wagner, M. (2019). Climate Change and International Law. Oxford Bibliographies.

[38] National Law School of India University, Environmental Law Research Centre. (2014). Global Concerns and Local Realities: Topical Issues in Environmental Law and Policy in India (pp. 33-107). Oxford University Press.

[39] Brown, A. J., & Lewis, A. (2021). Ethical and legal considerations of environmental research. Environmental Research, 195, 110804.

[40] Das, S., & Chattopadhyay, S. (2018). Environmental justice and rights in India: Cases and controversies. Advances in Environmental Research, 63(4), 343-361.

[41] Broughton, E. (2019). The Poisoned City: Flint's Water and the American Urban Tragedy. Simon and Schuster.

[42] Ramaswamy, S. (2017). Making Environmental Rights Meaningful in India: A Review of Legal Framework, 28, 227-253.

[43] Sharma, A., & Gupta, P. (2018). Corporate Environmental Responsibility (CER) in India: An Empirical Study. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 136(Supplement C), 172-186.

[44] United Nations Development Programme. (2016). Human development report 2016: Human development for everyone. Human Development Report Office, United NationsDevelopment Programme.

[45] Indian Council of Medical Research. (2017). National Ethical Guidelines for Biomedical and Health Research Involving Human Participants.

[46] Dhillon, N. K. (2018). Researching Sensitive Minds: Ethical Considerations in Research. In Advances In Social Sciences And Humanities Research (ASSHR), volume.LXIII (pp. 1-9). Atlantis Press.

IJLRA	N. Raj Kumar ; Kamble Shivadayal . "Design of Fault Tolerance Parallel FFT’s Using Xilinx 14.5v" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals Volume 5 Issue 8 2022 Page 1-6
IEEE	N. Raj Kumar ; Kamble Shivadayal . "Design of Fault Tolerance Parallel FFT’s Using Xilinx 14.5v" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, 5(8)

INVESTIGATION BY POLICE: SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON RE-INVESTIGATION AND FURTHER INVESTIGATION BY - RIYA TRIVEDI & AAROHI SANKLAN

BAR COUNCIL OF INDIA BY - SHRUTI SINGH

COMPETITION LAW AND ECONOMIC THEORY BY - SHUBHANGI SHARMA

JUDICIAL ACTIVISM AND JUDICIAL INTERVENTION IN INDIA IN TERMS OF JUDICIAL REVIEW- A CRITICAL ANALYSIS BY – ANANYA KUMARI MEHTA

JUVENILE JIUTICE IN INDIA: JUDICIAL TRENDS BY – ABHISHEK BENJWAL

SMALL SHAREHOLDERS DIRECTOR UNDER THE COMPANIES ACT, 2013 BY - ANISH RAJ SINGH, AYUSH KRISHN DIXIT & HIMANSHI SINGH

BAN ON COMMERCIAL SURROGACY IN INDIA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW BY: ADHITI SHARMA

CAN CURRENT NATURE OF DEVELOPMENT SUSTAIN WOMEN EMPOWERMENT BY - SNEHA SOLANKI

UNCOVERING THE DECEPTIVE TACTICS OF CRYPTOCURRENCY SCAMMERS: A DEEP DIVE INTO THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF SCAMS TARGETING INVESTORS BY - MR. ANSH PARIKH

INVESTIGATING THE ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS AND CHALLENGES OF CONDUCTING LEGAL RESEARCH ON SENSITIVE LOCAL LEGAL ISSUES, SUCH AS HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS, ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES, OR MINORITY RIGHTS BY - MANAS SHUKLA & DR. ARVIND KUMAR SINGH

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