INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS

EVOLVING CYBERSECURITY AND DATA PROTECTION FRAMEWORKS: GLOBAL REGULATIONS AND INDIAS LEGISLATIVE DEVELOPMENTS BY - PAWNI MISHRA

Authors: PAWNI MISHRA

Registration ID: 109248 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA9248

Year: Feb-2025 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN: 2582-6433 | Country: Delhi, India

Email Id: pawni.mishra@law.christuniversity.in

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TRADEMARK CHALLENGES IN ONLINE GAMING INDUSTRIES IN INDIA: ANALYZING THE LEGAL CHALLENGES AND THE WAY FORWARD BY - SOURAV MANDAL

Authors: SOURAV MANDAL

Registration ID: 109247 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA9247

Year: Feb-2025 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN: 2582-6433 | Country: Delhi, India

Email Id: sourav.mandal@law.christuniversity.in

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CRITICAL EVALUATE EXTRADITION LAWS OF INDIA ALONG WITH SUITABLE SUGGESTIONS BY - KANISHKA SINGH

Authors: KANISHKA SINGH

Registration ID: 109246 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA9246

Year: Feb-2025 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

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Email Id: kanishkasingh@nlunagpur.ac.in

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OUSTER AND ADVERSE POSSESSION: A CRITICAL REVIEW OF PROPERTY LAW AND CONSTITUTONAL VALITITY BY: U.SARAN

Authors: U.SARAN

Registration ID: 109245 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA9245

Year: Feb-2025 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

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Email Id: saranulaganathan@gmail.com

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CRITICAL ANALYSIS ON PUBLIC INTEREST LITIGATION IN INDIAN JUDICIAL PROCESS BY - M.JEYA PRATHIKSHA

Authors: M.JEYA PRATHIKSHA

Registration ID: 109244 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA9244

Year: Feb-2025 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

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Email Id: jeyaprathiksha97@gmail.com

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LIVE-IN RELATIONSHIPS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE LEGAL STATUS BEYOND JURISDICTIONS BY - NIRAJ LOCHAN JHA

Authors: NIRAJ LOCHAN JHA

Registration ID: 109243 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA9243

Year: Feb-2025 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

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SOCIAL SECURITY AND LABOUR WELFARE IN INDIA BY: C DHANALAKSMI

Authors: C DHANALAKSMI

Registration ID: 109242 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA9242

Year: Feb-2025 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

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Email Id: dhanalaksmi2003@gmail.com

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DOI Link: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/02.2025-92548987/SOCIAL SECURITY AND LABOUR WELFARE IN INDIA

CRUELTY A GROUND FOR MARITAL RELIEF UNDER HINDU LAW: A CRITICAL STUDY BY - SUBHAM RAJ PANDA

Authors: SUBHAM RAJ PANDA

Registration ID: 109241 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA9241

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HOW INTER-CORPORATES INVEST? BY - GAURAV CHOTALIYA

Authors: GAURAV CHOTALIYA

Registration ID: 109240 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA9240

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JUDICIAL REVIEW AND LEGISLATIVE INTENT: A CONSTITUTIONAL PERSPECTIVE BY - HARSHPREET KAUR

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Registration ID: 109239 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA9239

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DOI Link: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/02.2025-97266327/JUDICIAL REVIEW AND LEGISLATIVE INTENT: A CONSTITU

International journal for legal research and analysis

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[1] Tanmay Vashishta, Cybersecurity and Legal Ramifications: An Important Concern in

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[14] Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) according to Drone Rules, 2021

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[20] Rishi Nandhan R. B., Need for Data Protection Laws in India, 2 JUS CORPUS L.J. 72(August 2021).

[21] The Information Technology (Intermediaries Guidelines) Rules, 2011

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[24] Aditya Bashambu & Lavanya Chetwani, Critical Analysis: Digital Personal Data

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[25] Divyanshi Kaushal, The Digital Personal Data Protection Bill, 2022, 3 JUS CORPUS L.J.

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[26] Aditya Bashambu & Lavanya Chetwani, Critical Analysis: Digital Personal Data

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[27] Divyanshi Kaushal, The Digital Personal Data Protection Bill, 2022, 3 JUS CORPUS L.J.

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[28] Justice K S. Puttaswamy (Retd) v Union of India AIR (2017) SC 4161

[29] Divyanshi Kaushal, The Digital Personal Data Protection Bill, 2022, 3 JUS CORPUS L.J.

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[28] Anupam Chander, The Electronic Silk Road: How the Web Binds the World in Commerce, Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works (2013), https://scholarship.law.georgetown.edu/facpub/2297

[1] Bhardwaj, R. (2018). “India’s Extradition Law and its Compatibility with International Norms,” Indian Journal of International Law, Vol 58, No. 2, pp. 205-221.

[2] Singh, G. (2020). “Extradition and Human Rights in India,” Asian Journal of International Law, pp. 300-315.

[3] Ministry of External Affairs, Extradition from India, GOV’T OF INDIA, https://www.mea.gov.in/extradition- from-india.htm (last visited Nov. 28, 2024).

[4] The Indian Extradition Act 1962, Section 2(d).

[6] Investigations Review, Extradition: India, GLOBAL INVESTIGATIONS REVIEW, https://globalinvestigationsreview.com/insight/knowhow/extradition/report/india (last visited Nov. 23, 2024).

[7] Ghosh, M. (2021). “Challenges in Extradition from India: A Legal and Procedural Analysis,” Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 56, No. 7, pp. 45-51.

[11] R.K. Dixit, The Extradition Process in India: An Overview, Journal of Indian Law and Society, 3(2), 2016, at 45-60.

[12] Sarthak Gupta, A Comprehensive Study of Extradition Law in India, SCC Online (May 3, 2020), https://www.scconline.com/blog/post/2020/05/03/a-comprehensive-study-of-extradition-law-in-india/.

[13] Ministry of External Affairs, Extradition Process, Government of India, https://www.mea.gov.in/extradition- process.htm.

[14] M.C. Mehta, Extradition Law in India: Comparative Analysis 35 (2018).

[15] Know-How: Extradition – India, GLOBAL INVESTIGATIONS REV., https://globalinvestigationsreview.com/insight/know-how/extradition/report/india (last visited Dec. 28, 2024).

[16] Law Commission of India, Report No. 230: Reforms in the Extradition Law, (Aug. 2009), https://lawcommissionofindia.nic.in/reports/report230.pdf.

[17] Dr. Ramesh & S.B. Boregowda, A Critical Study on Evolution of Extradition Laws in Indian Context, Int’l J.

Legal Res. & Stud., (2020).

[18] Beyond Borders: Navigating Extradition in Indian Law, IIPRD (Aug. 23, 2024), https://www.iiprd.com/beyond-borders-navigating-extradition-in-indian-law/.

[19] Nandita Haksar, Extradition and Human Rights: The Indian Perspective, 25 J. Indian L. Inst. 137 (1983).

[20] V.K. Bansal “Law of Extradition in India”, LexisNexis Butterworth’s Wadhwa. Nagpur,1st Ed. 2008, P.1

[22] M.C. Mehanathan, Law of Extradition in India and International Perspectives (2d ed. 2021).

[24] R.C. Hingorani, India’s Approach to Extradition Treaties: Challenges in Compliance with International Standards, 33 J. Indian L. Inst. 45 (2015).

[25] The United Nations Model Law on Extradition (2004), Section 5.

[26] The United Nations Model Law on Extradition (2004), Section 6.

[27] Khurana & Khurana, Analysis of Indian and the UK’s Extradition Laws, (Oct. 31, 2023), https://www.khuranaandkhurana.com.

[28] Vijayashri Sripathi, The Evolution of Extradition Law in India: A Comparative Perspective, 47 J. Indian L. Inst. 255, 262 (2005).

[29] A. shearer “Starks international law” oxford university press. 11th Ed.1994, P.317

[30] R.K. Raghavan, Challenges in Extradition from a Law Enforcement Perspective, 38 Nat’l L. Sch. India Rev. 18, 22 (2019).

[34] The Secretary v. Mr. Sambasivam A.S.No.488 of 2015,

[36] Soli Sorabjee, Extradition Law Needs Urgent Reform, Indian Express (Jan. 5, 2020), https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/extradition-law-needs-urgent-reform-6203387/.

[37] Desai, P. (2022). “Extradition in India: A Roadmap for Reform,” National Law Review, outlines procedural inefficiencies and suggests aligning Indian extradition law with international human rights standards.

[38] Vandana Felicia Golya, Need for Reforms in India’s Extradition Laws, The Leaflet (Feb. 12, 2021), https://theleaflet.in/need-for-reforms-in-indias-extradition-laws/.

[39] Law Commission of India, Report No. 241: Need for a Fresh Look at the Law of Extradition, (July 2012), https://lawcommissionofindia.nic.in/reports/report241.pdf.

[41] “Report of the Law Commission of India on Extradition Law” (Law Commission of India, Report No. 203, 2008), which provides an analysis of issues and recommends amendments to the Extradition Act, 1962.

[42] Aparna Viswanathan, India’s Extradition Regime: Challenges and Solutions, Economic Times (Oct. 18, 2019), https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/extradition-regime-challenges-and- solutions/articleshow/71653727.cms.

^{^[1]} B.COM.LL.B (HONS.)- School Of Excellence in Law, TNDALU.

^{^[2]}The Apprentice Act was enacted to enable children to learn trades, crafts and to seek employment to earn the living after attending the age of major. This was the first law that was introduced in India relating to labour. Also see S.R Samanth, Industrial Jurisprudence, 54 (M/s N.M Tripathi P.ltd., Bombay).

^{^[3]}S.C Srivastav, Social Security and labour laws13 (Eastern Book Company, Lucknow)

^{^[4]}This Act was envisaged for regulating employment of seamen and to provide for their better health

^{^[5]}This Act was passed which provided for criminal penalties for workers for breach of contract of service.

^{^[6]}This Act was the forerunner of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 which played an important role in modern industrial life.

^{^[7]}According to the Constitution of India, Art. 38 “the state should strive to promote the welfare of the people by securing and protecting as effectively as it may a social order in which justice-social, economic and political shall inform all the institutions of the national life”. M.P. Jain, Indian Constitutional Law, (Wadhwa and Co., Nagpur, 2003).

^{^[8]}According to the Constitution of India, Art. 39 “the state should in particular direct its policy towards securing, inter alia, that the health and strength of workers, men and women and the tender age of children are not abused and that citizens are not forced by economic necessity to enter avocations unsuited to their age or strength”. M.P. Jain, Indian Constitutional Law, (Wadhwa and Co., Nagpur, 2003).

^{^[9]}According to the Constitution of India, Art. 41 “the state shall make provision for securing just and humane conditions of work and for maternity relief” M.P. Jain, Indian Constitutional Law, (Wadhwa and Co., Nagpur, 2003).

^{^[10]}According to the Constitution of India, Art. 43 “the state should endeavour to secure to all workers work, a living wage, conditions of work ensuring a decent standard of life and full enjoyment of leisure and social and cultural opportunities, etc”. M.P. Jain, Indian Constitutional Law, (Wadhwa and Co., Nagpur, 2003).

^{^[11]}According to the Constitution of India, Art. 47: the state should regard the raising of the level of nutrition and the standard of living of its people and the improvement of public health as among its primary duties. M.P. Jain, Indian Constitutional Law, (Wadhwa and Co., Nagpur, 2003).

^{^[12]}https://www.greythr.com/wiki/acts/labour-welfare-fund-india/

^{^[13]} https://labour.gov.in/lcandilasdivision/india-ilo

[1] Subham Raj Panda, BBA. LLB. (H) Student, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan University Bhubaneswar.

[2] Hindu Marriage Act, 1955, § 9, No. 25, Acts of Parliament, 1955 (India).

[3] Hindu Marriage Act, 1955, § 10, No. 25, Acts of Parliament, 1955 (India).

[4] Hindu Marriage Act, 1955, § 13, No. 25, Acts of Parliament, 1955 (India).

[6] Hindu Marriage Act, 1955, § 5, No. 25, Acts of Parliament, 1955 (India).

[7] Hindu Marriage Act, 1955, § 7, No. 25, Acts of Parliament, 1955 (India).

[8] Hindu Marriage Act, 1955, § 11, No. 25, Acts of Parliament, 1955 (India).

[9] The Indian Penal Code, § 494, Act No. 45 of 1860 (India).

[10] Section 5(i) of the Hindu Marriage Act 1955.

[11] Section 5(ii)(a) of the Hindu Marriage Act 1955.

[12] Section 12(1)(b) of the Hindu Marriage Act 1955,

The Special Marriage Act, 1954, § 4, Act No. 43, Acts of Parliament, 1954 (India).

[13] Section 5 (ii) (b), the Hindu Marriage Act 1955.

[14] Section 12(1) (b), of the Hindu Marriage Act 1955

[15] Section 5 (ii) (c), the Hindu Marriage Act 1955.

[17] Section 5 (iii), the Hindu Marriage Act 1955.

The Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, § 2(a), Act No. 6 of 2007 (India).

[18] Hindu Marriage Act, 1955, § 3 (g), No. 25, Acts of Parliament, 1955 (India).

[19] Section 5 (iv), the Hindu Marriage Act 1955.

[20] Hindu Marriage Act, 1955, § 3 (f), No. 25, Acts of Parliament, 1955 (India).

[23] Hindu Marriage Act, 1955, § 8, No. 25, Acts of Parliament, 1955 (India).

[25] K Srinivas Rao vs. D A Deepa (2013) 5 SCC 226.

[27] Naveen Kohli v. Neelu Kohli, (2006) 4 SCC 558.

[29] Section 10 (1), the Hindu Marriage Act 1955.

[30] Section 10 (2), the Hindu Marriage Act 1955.

[31] Narasimha Reddy v. M. Boosamma, A.I.R. 1976 A.P. 77.

[32] Section 13(1-A) (i), the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955.

[35] Sarla Mudgal v. Union of India, (1995) 3 S.C.C. 635 (India).

[37] 23 HARINDER BOPARAI, THE EXPANSION OF MATRIMONIAL CRUELTY 34 (Indian Law Institute 1981).

[38] PROF. G.C.V. SUBBA RAO, HINDU LAW 219-220 (9^th ed. 2006).

[44] Joseph Shine v. Union of India, (2018) 2 SCC 189 (India).

[45] Section 13(1) (i-a), Hindu Marriage Act, 1955.

[46] Section 13(1) (i-b), Hindu Marriage Act, 1955.

[47] Section 13(1) (ii), Hindu Marriage Act, 1955.

[48] Srivastava v. Avinash Prasad Srivastava, AIR 1967 SC 909 (India)

[49] Section 13(1)(iii) of the Hindu Marriage Act 1955.

[50] Ram Narain v. Rameshwari, (1988) 3 SCC 1 (India).

[51] Section 13(1)(iv) of the Hindu Marriage Act 1955.

[52] Section 13(1)(v) of the Hindu Marriage Act 1955.

[53] Section 13(1)(vi) of the Hindu Marriage Act 1955.

[54] Section 108 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872.

[55] Section 13(1)(vii) of the Hindu Marriage Act 1955.

[57] Section 13(2)(i) of the Hindu Marriage Act 1955.

[58] Section 13(2)(ii) of the Hindu Marriage Act 1955.

[59] Section 13(2)(iii) of the Hindu Marriage Act 1955.

[60] Section 13(2)(iv) of the Hindu Marriage Act 1955.

[62] https://www.findlaw.com/injury/accident-injury-law/res-ipsa-loquitur.html, (Last visited 24 Oct 2024).

[63] N.G. Dastane v. S. Dastane (1975) 2 SCC 326.

[64] Indian Penal Code, 1860, § 498A, No. 45, Act of Parliament, 1860 (India).

[65] Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023, § 85, No. 45, Act of Parliament, 2023 (India).

[66] Section 86 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023.

[67] Section 130 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023.

[68] Section 74-79 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023.

[69] Shobha Rani v. Madhukar Reddi, AIR 1988 SC 121, 1988 SCR (1) 1010.

[70] JUSTICE SUJEET KUMAR, DIVORCE ON GROUND OF CRUELTY IN HINDU MARRIAGE ACT 5.

[72] Shri Rakesh Raman vs. Smt. Kavita Civil Appeal No. 2012 of 2013.

[73] Vijay Kumar Ramachandra Bhate vs. Neela Vijay Kumar Bhate (2003) 6 SCC 334.

[76] Kishore Chand Bhandari vs. Smt. Vidya (1978) RAJ LW 269.

[2] The Companies Act, 2013. (Act 18 of 2013) s.186 ss.(13)(a)

[3] The Companies Act, 2013. (Act 18 of 2013) s. 186 ss (2)

[5]The Companies Act, 2013. (Act 18 of 2013) s. 186 ss (7)

[8] The Companies Act, 2013. (Act 18 of 2013) s. 186 ss (2)

[10] The Companies Act, 2013. (Act 18 of 2013) s. 186 ss (7)

[11] "Securities and Exchange Commission: Securities fraud and insider trading", Palgraves’ Dictionary of Money and Finance (1994)

[1] Hegel's Political Writings Translate by Knox, T (1964) Pg. 244.

[2] Modern Constitutions Wheare, K.C (1966) p 98.

[3] Quoted in "A Constitution; what it is and what it signifies" by P. Jagmohan Reddy in Essays on Constitutional Law Ed. by V. Venktaramanaiah (1986) P145.

[4] Constitutional Law by Wade & Phillips (Seventh Ed) P.1. In Dicey's views the word "Constitution" means & includes "all rules which directly or indirectly affect the distribution or the exercise of sovereign power in the State" See the Law of the Constitution by Dicey, A.V. 1959 P.23.

[5] Thomas Paine was a great advocate of written Constitutions. He categorically said that where a Constitution "Cannot be produced in a visible form, there is none". See Select Constitutions by Kapoor, A.C. (1993) P2.

[7] The Making of India's Constitution by Khanna, H.R (1981) at p. 3.

[8] The Making of India's Constitution by Khanna, H.R (1981) at p. 3.

[9] Constitutional Law and its Administration by Weaver, Samuel p3.

[10] Constitutional Faith by Levinson, Sanford (1988) P39. Meese made this distinction while delivering a speech at the Tulane Law School.

[11] The American Constitution: Its Origin and Development by Kelly, Harbinson & Belz (1983) P (XV); (Also see Democratic Government and Politics by Carry & Hodgets P.85.

[14] Austin, Granville, The Indian Constitution: Cornerstone of a Nation (Oxford University Press, 1966).

[15] Nehru, Jawaharlal, Objective Resolution Speech, Constituent Assembly Debates, December 13, 1946.

[16] Quoted From Noorani, A.G. Our Bill of Rights And the courts Pg. l7.

[17] Originally it had 395 articles & eight schedule. Today it has 444 articles, 26 parts & 12 schedules after the Constitution 74th (Amend.) Act, 1992.

[18] Explaining the reason for not opting for Amercian presidential type of Government, Dr. Ambedkar said in the Assembly that ".... the daily assessment of responsibility which is not available under the American system is far more effective than the periodic assessment." & further the draft Constitution in recommending the parliamentary system of executive, had preferred more responsibility to stability. CAD Vol.VIII PP 32 - 33.

[19] The Making of India's Constitution by Khanna, H.R (1981) at pg. 3.

[43] C.K.Takwani, Lectures on Administrative Law (2008) p.31.

[47] “The range of judicial review recognized in the superior judiciary of India is perhaps the widest and most extensive known in the world of law. See Pathak CJ. In Union of India v. Raghubir Singh (1989) 2 SCC 754 at 766.”

[48] P.P.Craig & S.L.Deshpande, Rights, Autonomy and Process: Public Interest Litigation in India? 9 Oxford Journal of legal Studies 356 (1989).”

IJLRA	N. Raj Kumar ; Kamble Shivadayal . "Design of Fault Tolerance Parallel FFT’s Using Xilinx 14.5v" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals Volume 5 Issue 8 2022 Page 1-6
IEEE	N. Raj Kumar ; Kamble Shivadayal . "Design of Fault Tolerance Parallel FFT’s Using Xilinx 14.5v" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, 5(8)

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