INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS

THE IMPACT OF OFFENCES AGAINST WOMEN TOURIST IN INDIA: AN OVERVIEW BY - ADITYA PRATAP SINGH

Authors: ADITYA PRATAP SINGH

Registration ID: 108830 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8830

Year : Dec -2024 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id: Sadityapratap085@gmail.com

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DOI Link :: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/12.2024-17422734/THE IMPACT OF OFFENCES AGAINST WOMEN TOURIST IN IN

RISE OF CONSUMER DISPUTES AT DIGITAL MARKETPLACE: AN ALTERNATIVE PATH TO JUSTICE BY - ADITYA PRATAP SINGH

Authors: ADITYA PRATAP SINGH

Registration ID: 108829 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8829

Year : Dec -2024 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id: s2232.aditya@gmail.com

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DOI Link :: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/12.2024-78548484/RISE OF CONSUMER DISPUTES AT DIGITAL MARKETPLACE:

"ANTI-COMPETITIVE AGREEMENT IN INDIAN MARKET" INSTEAD OF "INDIAN ECONOMY." BY - VIBEK MEHER

Authors: VIBEK MEHER

Registration ID: 108828 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8828

Year : Dec -2024 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id: vibekmeher.student@slsnagpur.edu.in

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DOI Link :: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/12.2024-12998874/ANTI COMPETITIVE AGREEMENT IN INDIAN ECONOMY

THE ULTIMATE PRECEDENCE IN LAW SCIENCES: FLEXIBLE STRUCTURE DOCTRINE AS THE NEW LEGAL PARADIGM BY - SANDEEP S. JAISWAL

Authors: SANDEEP S. JAISWAL

Registration ID: 108827 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8827

Year : Dec -2024 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id: augjaiswal@gmail.com

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DOI Link :: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/12.2024-62277927/THE ULTIMATE PRECEDENCE IN LAW SCIENCES: FLEXIBLE

EVALUATING CHALLENGES IN PROTECTION OF DIGITAL TRADE AND TRANSACTIONS THROUGH CYBERSPACE IN PERSPECTIVE OF PRIVATE INTERNATIONAL LAW BY: SHUBHAM DIWATE

Authors: SHUBHAM DIWATE

Registration ID: 108826 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8826

Year : Dec -2024 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id: shubhamrajeshdiwate@gmail.com

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DOI Link :: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/12.2024-37896898/EVALUATING CHALLENGES IN PROTECTION OF DIGITAL TRA

CHALLENGES, OPPORTUNITIES, AND PROSPECTS OF IMPLEMENTING INDIA’S NEW CRIMINAL LAW: IN THE CONTEXT OF SWIFT JUSTICE BY: RUP KUMAR

Authors: RUP KUMAR

Registration ID: 108825 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8825

Year : Dec -2024 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id: rupkumarbgp@rediffmail.com

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DOI Link :: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/12.2024-91582159/CHALLENGES, OPPORTUNITIES, AND PROSPECTS OF IMPLEM

THE RIGHT TO INFORMATION (AMENDMENT) ACT, 2019: A SETBACK FOR INDIAN DEMOCRACY BY - RAM KUMAR BHARDWAJ

Authors: RAM KUMAR BHARDWAJ

Registration ID: 108824 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8824

Year : Dec -2024 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id: bhardwaj.ramkumar03@gmail.com

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DOI Link :: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/12.2024-23179849/THE RIGHT TO INFORMATION (AMENDMENT) ACT, 2019: A

WTO AND TECHNICAL BARRIERS TO TRADE WITH SPECIFIC REFERENCE TO AGRICULTURAL SECTOR BY - GOPIKA KALIDAS

Authors: GOPIKA KALIDAS

Registration ID: 108823 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8823

Year : Dec -2024 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id: gopika.kalidasn@gmail.com

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DOI Link :: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/12.2024-98448229/WTO AND TECHNICAL BARRIERS TO TRADE WITH SPECIFIC

CRITIQUE OF K. CHANDRU COMMITTEE REPORT: SOLUTIONS AND SHORTCOMIGS BY - ANANYA SINGH

Authors: ANANYA SINGH

Registration ID: 108822 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8822

Year : Dec -2024 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id: ananya23BAL011@gnlu.ac.in

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DOI Link :: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/12.2024-17451814/CRITIQUE OF K. CHANDRU COMMITTEE REPORT: SOLUTIONS

A CASE STUDY ON PARLIAMENTARY PRIVILEGES: RAJA RAM PAL V. HONBLE SPEAKER, LOK SABHA AND ORS. (2007) 3 SCC 184 BY - DR. MANISHA BANIK

Authors: DR. MANISHA BANIK

Registration ID: 108821 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8821

Year : Dec -2024 | Volume: II | Issue: 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id: banik.manisha@gmail.com

Page No : 12 | No of times Downloads: 0065

DOI Link :: https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/12.2024-38673285/A CASE STUDY ON PARLIAMENTARY PRIVILEGES: RAJA RAM

International journal for legal research and analysis

Abbreviation:IJLRA

ISSN:2582-6433

Website:https://www.ijlra.com/

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[7] Builders Ass’n of India v. Cement Mfrs. Ass’n & Ors., Case No. 29 of 2010, Competition Commission of India (2012)

[8] https://corporate.cyrilamarchandblogs.com/2016/11/curious-case-cement-cartel/

[9] Auto Parts Cartel, Case No. 27 of 2014, Competition Commission of India (2014)

[10] Beer Market Cartel, Suo Moto Case No. 6 of 2017, Competition Commission of India (2018)

[11] World Bank, India: Competition and Economic Development at 45 (2021), available at https://www.worldbank.org.

[12] Competition Commission of India, Annual Report 2023, at 12-15 (2023), available at https://www.cci.gov.in.

[1] The author is Researcher Student of Master of Laws in Department of Law, IILM University Gurugram.

[2] Gibson, 1984; Benedikt, 1991; Dodge & Kitchin, 2001.

[3] OECD, 2019; WTO, 2018; López González & Ferencz, 2018.

[5] Anwarul Yaquin, Legal Research and Writing Methods, Lexis Nexis

[6] Google LLC v. Equustek Solutions Inc. (2017, Supreme Court of Canada)

[7] Data Protection Commissioner v. Facebook Ireland Limited, Maximillian Schrems (Schrems II) (2020, EU)

[8] Google LLC v. Equustek Solutions Inc. (2017, Supreme Court of Canada)

[2] Chakravarty, R. (2020). The RTI Act and the challenges to accountability in Indian governance. Journal of Public Administration, 45(4), 381-396.

[3] Sinha, D. (2019). Transparency and accountability in India: An analysis of the RTI amendments. Public Policy and Governance Journal, 31(2), 105-120

[4] Zafar, M. (2020). The right to information in India: A threat to transparency or a tool for empowerment? Journal of South Asian Politics, 30(3), 172-189.

[5] Nair, V. (2020). Impact of RTI amendments on the functioning of public authorities. Journal of Indian Public Policy, 27(2), 233-247.

[6] Singh, R. (2020). The role of RTI in strengthening Indian democracy: A critique of the 2019 amendments. Indian Political Science Review, 42(3), 245-262

[7] Mehta, R. (2021). Erosion of transparency? An analysis of the 2019 RTI amendments. Law and Society Review, 39(4), 452-468.

[8] Chakravarty, R. (2020). The RTI Act and the challenges to accountability in Indian governance. Journal of Public Administration, 45(4), 381-396.

[1] Donna Roberts, Timothy E. Josling & David Orden in their paper, A Framework for Analyzing Technical Trade Barriers in Agricultural Markets, Economic Research Service/USDA, 1800 M. Street NW, Washington, DC 20036-5831 (March 1999).

[2] Kym Anderson, Why Open Agricultural Trade Matters, University of Adelaide Press 6-31 (2017), https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.20851/j.ctt1sq5wc5.9.

[3] Anne Celia Disdier, Lionel Fontage & Mondher Mimouni, The Impact of Regulations on Agricultural Trade: Evidence from the SPS and TBT Agreements, 90 AJAE 336-350 (2008), https://www.jstor.org/stable/30139588.

[4] Erik Wijkstrom & Devin, International Standards and the WTO TBT Agreement: Improving Governance for Regulatory Alignment, ERSD-2013-06 (2013), https://www.wto.org/english/res_e/reser_e/ersd201306_e.pdf.

[5] Miet Maertens & Johan Swinnen, Agricultural Trade and Development: A Value Chain Perspective, ERDS-2015- 04 (2015), https://www.wto.org/english/res_e/reser_e/ersd201504_e.pdf.

[6] The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, Agro-Food Products and Technical Barriers to Trade: A Survey of Issues and Concerns Raised in the WTO’S TCT Committee, COM/TD/AGR/WP (2002)70/FINAL (2003), https://econwpa.ub.uni-muenchen.de/econ- wp/it/papers/0401/0401006.pdf.

[7] US congressional research services, Addressing Nontariff Barriers to Agricultural Trade at the WTO, (2021), https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/IF/IF11903.

[8] OECD, Regional trade agreements and agriculture, OECD Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Papers, No. 79 OECD Publishing (2015), http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/5js4kg5xjvvf-en.

[9] Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Document No. COM/TD/AGR/WP (2002)21/FINAL[en], OECD iLibrary, https://one.oecd.org/document/COM/TD/AGR/WP(2002)21/FINAL/en/pdf.

[10] McKinsey & Company, Digital Globalization: The New Era of Global Flows (McKinsey Global Institute, Aug. 2016), https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/mckinsey-digital/our-insights/digital-globalization-the-new-era- of-global-flows.

[12] World Trade Organization, Understanding the WTO: Overview, https://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/whatis_e/tif_e/agrm1_e.htm.

[13] European Commission Directorate-General for Trade, Technical Barriers to Trade (TBTs), https://trade.ec.europa.eu/access-to-markets/en/barriers.

[14] Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade, art. 2, Apr. 15, 1994, 1869 U.N.T. 153

[16] Food Package Labeling, Sciencedirect (2014), https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/food-science/food- package-labeling.

[18] World Trade Organization, Technical Barriers to Trade, https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/tbt_e/tbt_info_e.htm.

[20] World Trade Org., Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures, Apr. 15, 1994, Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization, Annex A, 1867 U.N.T. 154.

[21] Frank Kareth, Navigating the Food Labelling World, Intertek (2019), https://www.intertek.com/blog/2019/03- 05-food/.

[26] World Trade Organization, Agreement on Agriculture, https://www.wto.org/english/docs_e/legal_e/14- ag_01_e.htm.

[27] World Trade Organization, Market Access for Agriculture, https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/agric_e/ag_intro02_access_e.htm.

[28] World Trade Organization, Domestic Support in Agriculture, https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/agric_e/ag_intro03_domestic_e.htm.

[29] World Trade Organization, Export Competition in Agriculture, https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/agric_e/factsheetagric17_e.htm

[30] U.S. Trade Representative, Office of Agricultural Affairs, Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures and Technical Barriers to Trade, https://ustr.gov/issue-areas/agriculture/sanitary-and-phytosanitary-measures-and-technical- barriers-trade.

[31] Geoffrey S. Becker, Agricultural Exports: Technical Barriers to Trade, University of North Texas Libraries (1997), https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs380/.

[32] Anne-Célia Disdier, Lionel Fontagné and Mondher Mimouni, The Impact of Regulations on Agricultural Trade: Evidence from the SPS and TBT Agreements, 90 AJAE 336–350 (2008), http://www.jstor.org/stable/30139588.

[33] World Trade Organization, Sanitary and phytosanitary measures (SPS), https://www.agriculture.gov.au/biosecurity-trade/market-access-trade/wto/sps.

[34] Source 1: A scientific report on the impact of antibiotic use in livestock on antimicrobial resistance. (e.g., World Health Organization report).

Source 2: A government regulation outlining restrictions on specific antibiotics in livestock feed. (e.g., European Union regulation).

[35] Source 3: A food safety handbook detailing permitted food additives and preservatives. (e.g., Codex Alimentarius).

Source 4: A national food safety law outlining regulations on food additives. (e.g., The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Food Additive Regulations).

[36] Source 5: A legal guide to international food labeling requirements for GMOs. (e.g., Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) guidance).

[37] WTO, Country of Origin Labelling Requirements-Comparative Research and Conclusions, https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/roi_e/bauer_medelroisept16.pdf.

[38] Codex Alimentarius Commission, General Standard for the Labelling of Prepackaged Foods, https://www.fao.org/3/Y2770E/y2770e02.htm.

[39] International Trade Centre, A Guide to Sustainable Labeling and Claims, https://intracen.org/file/t4sdpublication20211217webpagespdf.

[40] Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Codex Alimentarius, https://www.fao.org/fao- who-codexalimentarius/en/.

[41] World Trade Organization, Technical Barriers to Trade, https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/tbt_e/tbt_e.htm.

[42] Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Codex Alimentarius, https://www.fao.org/fao- who-codexalimentarius/en/.

[43] Eugenio Diaz Bonilla, The Impact of WTO Agreements on Agriculture, IFPRI (2017), https://www.ifpri.org/blog/was-then-now-wto-and-agriculture.

[44] WTO, The Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade, https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/tbt_e/tbtagr_e.htm.

[45] Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade, Apr. 15, 1994, Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization, Annex 1A, 1869 U.N.T. 154.

[47] WTO, Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade art. 1 (1986), https://wto.org/tbt.

[48] UNCTAD, Launch of the Least Developed Countries Report 2020, https://unctad.org/meeting/launch-least- developed-countries-report-2020.

[49] Codex Alimentarius Commission, Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs), https://www.fao.org/fao-who- codexalimentarius/codex-texts/maximum-residue-limits/en/.

[50] World Trade Organization, Committee on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures, https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/sps_e/sps_e.htm.

[51] International Trade Centre, E-commerce for Agriculture: Trade Impact for Business and Farmers, https://intracen.org/our-work/topics/food-and-agriculture.

[52] Food and Agriculture Organization, Food Chain Information and Consumer Awareness, https://www.fao.org/3/i5555e/i5555e.pdf.

[53] World Trade Organization, Trade-Related Technical Assistance and Capacity Building, https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/devel_e/teccop_e/tct_e.htm.

[54] Mary E. Meek et al., The Trade Impacts of Stringent Food Safety Standards, 42 J. World Trade L. 1 (2008).

[55] U.S. Dep't of Agric., Animal & Plant Health Inspection Serv., Import Requirements, https://www.aphis.usda.gov/.

[56] Europa.eu, Questions and Answers on the Regulation of GMOs in the European Union, MEMO/07/117 (Apr. 17, 2007).

[58] International Food Policy Research Institute, The EU and Genetically Modified Organisms: A Literature Review (2003), https://food.ec.europa.eu/plants/genetically-modified-organisms/reports-and-studies_en.

[61] The European Commission recently proposed a new regulation on corporate sustainability due diligence, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex%3A52021PC0706.

[64] GATT Working Party on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures, Report, GATT Doc. MTN/FRT/SE/11 (1989), para. 132.

[65] World Trade Organization, Committee on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures, Specific Trade Concerns Regarding the Import of Bovine Meat from India, WT/SPS/NGR/10 (2001).

[66] World Trade Organization, Trade Facilitation Agreement, art. 6 (2013), https://wto.org/tradefacilitation.

[67] World Trade Organization, Ministerial Declaration on the Review of the Implementation of Articles VI, XVI and XXIII of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994, 13 (1994), https://www.wto.org/english/docs_e/legal_e/40-dadp2_e.htm.

[68] World Trade Organization, Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade, art. 10 (1994), https://wto.org/tbt.

[69] World Trade Organization, Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade, art. 3 (1994), https://wto.org/tbt.

[71] UNESCO Science Report, https://uis.unesco.org/sites/default/files/documents/unesco-science-report-towards- 2030-part1.pdf.

[73] DS430: India and United States, Measures Concerning the Importation of Certain Agricultural Products, https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/dispu_e/430r_e.pdf.

[74] DS621: Slovak Republic and Ukraine, Measures Concerning Agricultural Products from Ukraine, https://docs.wto.org/dol2fe/Pages/SS/directdoc.aspx?filename=q:/WT/DS/621-1.pdf&Open=True.

[75] WT/DS381: United States and Mexico- Measures Concerning the Importation, Marketing and Sale of Tuna and Tuna Products, https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/dispu_e/cases_e/ds381_e.htm.

[76] DS389: European Communities and United States, Certain Measures Affecting Poultry Meat and Poultry Meat Products from the United States, https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/dispu_e/cases_e/ds389_e.htm.

[77] DS447: United States and Argentina, Measures Affecting the Importation of Animals, Meat and Other Animal Products from Argentina, https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/dispu_e/cases_e/ds447_e.htm.

[78] DS392: United States, Certain Measures Affecting Imports of Poultry from China, https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/dispu_e/cases_e/ds392_e.htm.

[1] Indra Sawhney v. Union of India, AIR 1993 SC 477.

[2] Erving Goffman, Stigma: Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity (Prentice-Hall 1963).

[3] Subhash Kashinath Mahajan v. State of Maharashtra, (2018) 6 SCC 454.

[4] Pierre Bourdieu, Outline of a Theory of Practice 190-197 (Richard Nice trans., Cambridge Univ. Press 1977).

[6] Bijoe Emmanuel v. State of Kerala, (1986) 3 SCC 615.

[7] State of Kerala v. N.M. Thomas, (1976) 2 SCC 310.

[9] Indian Young Lawyers Association v. State of Kerala, (2018) 11 SCC 731.

[10] Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009, No. 35, Acts of Parliament, 2009 (India).

[11] Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012, No. 32, Acts of Parliament, 2012 (India).

[12] P. Sambamurthy v. State of Andhra Pradesh, (2008) 2 SCC 522 (India).

[13] Mohini Jain v. State of Karnataka, (1992) 3 SCC 666 (India).

[15] Jindal Stainless Ltd. v. State of Haryana, (2016) 11 SCC 527.

[16] Max Weber, Economy and Society: An Outline of Interpretive Sociology (Guenther Roth & Claus Wittich eds., Ephraim Fischoff et al. trans., Univ. of Cal. Press 1978).

[17] Pierre Bourdieu, Outline of a Theory of Practice 190-197 (Richard Nice trans., Cambridge Univ. Press 1977).

[18] Sally Engle Merry, Human Rights and Gender Violence: Translating International Law into Local Justice (Univ. of Chicago Press 2006).

[19] Erving Goffman, Stigma: Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity (Prentice-Hall 1963).

[20] Marc Galanter, Competing Equalities: Law and the Backward Classes in India (Oxford Univ. Press 1984).

[21] Michel Foucault, Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison (Alan Sheridan trans., 2d ed. Vintage Books 1995).

[22] Émile Durkheim, The Division of Labor in Society (W.D. Halls trans., Free Press 1984) (1893).

[23] Robert M. Cover, Nomos and Narrative, 97 Harv. L. Rev. 4 (1983).

[24] Martha Minow, Making All the Difference: Inclusion, Exclusion, and American Law (Cornell Univ. Press 1990).

[1]Raja Ram Pal v. Hon’ble Speaker, Lok Sabha and Ors., (2007) 3 SCC 184 available at https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1757390/

[2] Raja Ram Pal v. Hon’ble Speaker, Lok Sabha and Ors., (2007) 3 SCC 184 available at https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1757390/

[4] Raja Ram Pal v. Hon’ble Speaker, Lok Sabha and Ors., (2007) 3 SCC 184 available at https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1757390/

[5] Raja Ram Pal v. Hon’ble Speaker, Lok Sabha and Ors., (2007) 3 SCC 184 available at https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1757390/

IJLRA	N. Raj Kumar ; Kamble Shivadayal . "Design of Fault Tolerance Parallel FFT’s Using Xilinx 14.5v" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals Volume 5 Issue 8 2022 Page 1-6
IEEE	N. Raj Kumar ; Kamble Shivadayal . "Design of Fault Tolerance Parallel FFT’s Using Xilinx 14.5v" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, 5(8)

THE IMPACT OF OFFENCES AGAINST WOMEN TOURIST IN INDIA: AN OVERVIEW BY - ADITYA PRATAP SINGH

RISE OF CONSUMER DISPUTES AT DIGITAL MARKETPLACE: AN ALTERNATIVE PATH TO JUSTICE BY - ADITYA PRATAP SINGH

"ANTI-COMPETITIVE AGREEMENT IN INDIAN MARKET" INSTEAD OF "INDIAN ECONOMY." BY - VIBEK MEHER

THE ULTIMATE PRECEDENCE IN LAW SCIENCES: FLEXIBLE STRUCTURE DOCTRINE AS THE NEW LEGAL PARADIGM BY - SANDEEP S. JAISWAL

EVALUATING CHALLENGES IN PROTECTION OF DIGITAL TRADE AND TRANSACTIONS THROUGH CYBERSPACE IN PERSPECTIVE OF PRIVATE INTERNATIONAL LAW BY: SHUBHAM DIWATE

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