INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS

UNIFORM CIVIL CODE: THE NECESSITY AND THE ABSURDITY BY - VIPIN KUMAR

Authors : VIPIN KUMAR

Registration ID : 108268 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8268

Year : Aug-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : bipinten@gmail.com

Page No : 17 | No of times Downloads: 0065

Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/08.2024-42367828/UNIFORM CIVIL CODE: THE NECESSITY AND THE ABSURDIT

AN ENQUIRY INTO THE LEGAL CHALLENGES OF CYBER WARFARE IN INTERNATIONAL LAW BY - DR. M.S. SHARMILA & VISHWA. B

Authors : DR. M.S. SHARMILA & VISHWA. B

Registration ID : 108266 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8266 & IJLRA8267

Year : Aug-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : vishwabadrinath@gmail.com

Page No : 12 | No of times Downloads: 0065

Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/08.2024-84134895/AN ENQUIRY INTO THE LEGAL CHALLENGES OF CYBER WARF

THE ECONOMIC THEORIES OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT AND COMPETITION LAW BY - YOGALAKSHMI R & KANINIKA MAJUMDER*

Authors : YOGALAKSHMI R & KANINIKA MAJUMDER

Registration ID : 108264 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8264 & IJLRA8265

Year : Aug-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : kaninikahim8@gmail.com & yoga98.vennila@gmail.com

Page No : 19 | No of times Downloads: 0065

Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/08.2024-17992769/THE ECONOMIC THEORIES OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIG

ART, ARTIST AND THE LAW: EXPLORING BARRIERS IN ARTISTIC EXPRESSION BY - GOKUL THEJUS MENON

Authors : GOKUL THEJUS MENON

Registration ID : 108263 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8263

Year : Aug-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : gokulthejus03@gmail.com

Page No : 13 | No of times Downloads: 0065

Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/08.2024-86483282/ART, ARTIST AND THE LAW: EXPLORING BARRIERS IN ART

SEXUAL HARASSEMT AGAINST MALES: AN IGNORED SPHERE BY SOCIETY BY: ADVOCATE MAYURI YADAV

Authors : ADVOCATE MAYURI YADAV

Registration ID : 108262 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8262

Year : Aug-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : adv.mayuri97yadav@gmail.com

Page No : 16 | No of times Downloads: 0065

Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/08.2024-87862788/SEXUAL HARASSEMT AGAINST MALES: AN IGNORED SPHERE

RAJA POCKET BOOKS VS RADHA POCKET BOOKS BY - KOOMAR BIHANGAM CHOUDHURY

Authors : KOOMAR BIHANGAM CHOUDHURY

Registration ID : 108261 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8261

Year : Aug-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : bihangamchoudhury6@gmail.com

Page No : 09 | No of times Downloads: 0065

Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/08.2024-44794941/RAJA POCKET BOOKS VS RADHA POCKET BOOKS

BLOCKCHAIN AND INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY---A DYNAMIC DUO FOR THE RADICAL UPHEAVAL BY - ABHISHEK SINGH & KRUNAL MODI

Authors : ABHISHEK SINGH & KRUNAL MODI

Registration ID : 108259 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8259 & IJLRA8260

Year : Aug-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : abhiaditya4901@gmail.com & krunalm168@gmail.com

Page No : 19 | No of times Downloads: 0065

Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/08.2024-67896357/BLOCKCHAIN AND INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY---A DYNAMIC D

FREE SPEECH IN VIRTUAL WORLD & THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA. BY - ASHEENA AUGUSTA ALFRED

Authors : ASHEENA AUGUSTA ALFRED

Registration ID : 108258 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8258

Year : Aug-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : asheenau@gmail.com

Page No : 09 | No of times Downloads: 0065

Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/08.2024-42777171/FREE SPEECH IN VIRTUAL WORLD & THE CONSTITUTION OF

ROLE OF DIGITAL FORENSIC IN CRIMINAL JUSTICE ADMINISTRATION BY - SUDHIR KUMAR DWIVEDI

Authors : SUDHIR KUMAR DWIVEDI

Registration ID : 108257 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8257

Year : Aug-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : adv.skdwwivedi@gmail.com

Page No : 18 | No of times Downloads: 0065

Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/08.2024-71217533/ROLE OF DIGITAL FORENSIC IN CRIMINAL JUSTICE ADMIN

ANIMAL PROTECTION LAWS IN INDIA: AN ANALYSIS BY - MOHIT KUMAR & PROF. DR. RATTAN SINGH

Authors : MOHIT KUMAR & PROF. DR. RATTAN SINGH

Registration ID : 108256 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA8256 & IJLRA9938

Year : Aug-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : mohitkaushikmgarh97@gmail.com

Page No : 18 | No of times Downloads: 0065

Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/08.2024-64659579/ANIMAL PROTECTION LAWS IN INDIA: AN ANALYSIS

International journal for legal research and analysis

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[3] Constituent Assembly Debates, Vol. VII, (1949), p. 543

[4] Constituent Assembly Debates, Vol. VII, (1949), p. 572

[5] Chagla, M.C. Plea for Uniform Civil Code, Weekly Round Table, March 25, 1973, p. 7

[6] Art 37 of the Indian Constitution makes Directive Principles of State Policy non-enforceable in the Court of

law.

[7] S.R. Bommai v. Union of India (1994) 3 SCC 1

[9] Smt. Sarla Mudgal, President, Kalyani and others v. Union of India and others, AIR 1995 SC 1531

[10] M.P. Jain, Indian Constitution Law 904 (5th Ed., Wadhwa And Company Nagpur New Delhi 2008)

[11] Mohammad Ahmed Khan v. Shah Bano Begum (1985) 2 SCC 556.

[12] Kumar Virendar, Towards a Uniform Civil Code: Judicial Vicissitudes [from Sarla Mudgal (1995) to Lily

Thomas(2000)] 42 Journal of Indian Law Institute 315 (2000).

[13] Sarla Mudgal (Smt.), and others v. Union of India and others AIR 1995 SC 1531

[14] Danial Latifi and another v. Union of India (2001) 7 SCC 740

[15] John Vallamattom v. Union of India 2003 (5) SCALE 384.

[16] Shayra Bano v. Union of India Writ Petition [C No. 118 of 21O7

[1] John Arquilla and David Ronfeldt, Cyberwar is Coming! in Comparative Strategy, Vol. 12, No. 2, Spring 1993, pp. 141–165, 144.

[2] Katharina.kiener-Manu Cybercrime module 14 key issues: Cyberwarfare, Cybercrime Module 14 Key Issues: Cyberwarfare. Available at: https://www.unodc.org/e4j/en/cybercrime/module-14/key-issues/cyberwarfare.html (Accessed: 15 August 2024).

[3] Article 2(4) of the UN Charter 1945 which states about Prohibition on the threat or use of force

[4] Article 39 of the UN Charter 1945 which states about Action with respect to threats to the peace, breaches of the peace, and acts of aggression

[5] Article 51 of the UN Charter 1945 which states about Right of self-defense

[6] Madubuike-Ekwe, J.N. (2021) ‘Cyberattack and the use of force in international law’, Beijing Law Review, 12(02), pp. 631–649. doi:10.4236/blr.2021.122034.

[7] Jus ad bellum and jus in Bello (2024) International Committee of the Red Cross. Available at: https://www.icrc.org/en/law-and-policy/jus-ad-bellum-and-jus-bello (Accessed: 17 August 2024).

[8] Kushner, D. (2024) The real story of stuxnet, IEEE Spectrum. Available at: https://spectrum.ieee.org/the-real-story-of-stuxnet (Accessed: 18 August 2024).

[9] Article 51 of the Additional Protocol I (1977) to the Geneva Conventions

[10] Article 48 of the Additional Protocol I (1977) to the Geneva Conventions

[12] Budapest Convention - Cybercrime - www.coe.int (2024b) Cybercrime. Available at: https://www.coe.int (Accessed: 17 August 2024).

[13] Sheldon, R. (2024) What is cyber attribution? Definition from TechTarget, Security. Available at: https://www.techtarget.com/searchsecurity/definition/cyber-attribution#:~:text=Challenges%20of%20cyber%20attribution,be%20challenging%20even%20for%20them. (Accessed: 17 August 2024).

[14] What is a false flag? how state-based hackers cover their tracks (2020) CSO Online. Available at: https://www.csoonline.com/article/568799/what-is-a-false-flag-how-state-based-hackers-cover-their-tracks.html (Accessed: 17 August 2024).

[16] Vis Legis Law Practice, A. (2023) Cybersecurity challenges in international law, LinkedIn. Available at: https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/cybersecurity-challenges-international-law-vllp2017-y5uxf/ (Accessed: 17 August 2024).

[17] Cyber Security and international law. Available at: https://www.chathamhouse.org (Accessed: 17 August 2024).

[21]The role of cyber in the Russian War against Ukraine. Available at: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/BRIE/2023/702594/EXPO_BRI(2023)702594_EN.pdf (Accessed: 17 August 2024).

[22]Cyberattacks by Iran, Hezbollah have tripled during the war, says Israel Cyber czar | The Times of Israel. Available at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/cyberattacks-by-iran-hezbollah-have-tripled-during-the-war-says-israel-cyber-czar/ (Accessed: 17 August 2024).

[23] Nato (2022) The North Atlantic Treaty, NATO. Available at: https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/official_texts_17120.htm (Accessed: 18 August 2024).

*Yogalakshmi R, Final year B.B.A. LL. B at Ramaiah Institute of Legal Studies, email- yoga98.vennila@gmail.com. Ph- 9597555432, interested in compliance and enthusiastic to learn more about Intellectual Property Law and Company Law & Kaninika Majumder, Final year B.B.A. LLB at Ramaiah Institute of Legal Studies, email-kaninikahim8@gmail.com. Ph- 6290463360, interested in drafting and pleading - international relations updates and criminal law

[1] Frank L. Fine, The EC Competition Law on Technology Licensing, Sweet & Maxwell Ltd.,

London, 2006, p.14

[2] Competition law and Intellectual Property Rights, The Nature of Frand Defence in Patent Litigation,27-27(2011)

[3] ABIR ROY & JAYANT KUMAR, COMPETITION LAW IN INDIA 502(2d ed. Eastern Law House, 2014).

[4] Jayashree Watal, Intellectual Property Rights in WTO and Developing Countries, 2001 (Oxford University Press), at 1-5

[5] Atul Patel , Aurobinda Panda, Akshay Deo & Siddhartha Khettry, Intellectual Property Law & Competition law, 6 J. INT'l COM. L. & TECH. 120-20 (2011).

[6] Daniel Stengel & Berlin, Intellectual Property in Philosophy,90(1) Archives for Philosophy of law and social Philosophy 20,20(2004)

[8] Rishika Sugandh & Siddhartha Srivastava; INTERFACE BETWEEN INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS AND COMPETITION LAW: INDIAN JURISPRUDENCE, International Journal of Law and Legal Jurisprudence Studies (Dec 20,2023,10.39 AM), https://ijlljs.in/interface-between-intellectual-property-rights-and-competition-law-indian-jurisprudence/

[9] Allan Asher , Public Lecture, Interface between the Indian Competition Act 2002 and the IPR Laws in India (Dec 13,2023, 12.40 PM)http://www.circ.in/pdf/Backgrounder-Public_Lecture_By_Allan_Asher_29May2009.pdf.

[10] Rishika Sugandh & Siddhartha Srivastava; INTERFACE BETWEEN INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS AND COMPETITION LAW: INDIAN JURISPRUDENCE, International Journal of Law and Legal Jurisprudence Studies (Dec 20,2023,10.39 AM), https://ijlljs.in/interface-between-intellectual-property-rights-and-competition-law-indian-jurisprudence/

[11] The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, Competition Laws and Policies (2004), at 117-118

[12] Atul Patel, Aurobinda Panda, Akshay Deo & Siddhartha Khettry, Intellectual Property Law & Competition law, 6 J. INT'l COM. L. & TECH. 120-22 (2011).

[15] Atul Patel, Aurobinda Panda, Akshay Deo & Siddhartha Khettry, Intellectual Property Law & Competition law, 6 J. INT'l COM. L. & TECH. 120-23 (2011).

[16] Trademark, copyright, and patent laws are a few examples of the laws pertaining to intellectual property. Every intellectual property law covers a particular area of knowledge. The intellectual property laws pertaining to literature are known as copyright law, while those pertaining to machines, methods, and compositions of matter are known as patent law. See generally Donald Chisum, Intellectual Property: Copyright, Patent and Trademark (Matthew Bender, 1980). When new types of subject matters are created, sometimes they do not fit neatly into one of the pre-existing categories. Therefore, something of a crisis can be created in the body of the law.

[17] It may be illegal and in violation of copyright to copy a book. As a rule, “anyone who violates any of the exclusive rights of the copyright owner... is an infringer of the copyright.” U.S.C. Sec. 501(a) (17). “Any person who infringes a copyright will fully and for purposes of commercial advantage or private financial gain” is subject to criminal sanctions, which include jail time, a fine, and seizure of the infringing works. Section 506 of the U.S.C.

[18] Pemela Samuelson, Innovation and Competition: Conflicts over Intellectual Property Rights in New Technologies, 12 STHV 6,7(1987)

[22]Teven D. Anderman (ed.), The Interface Between Intellectual Property Rights

(Cambridge, New York,2007).

[23]B.N. Pandey & Prabhat Kumar Saha, Competition Flexibilities in the TRIPS Agreement: Implications for Technology Transfer and Consumer Welfare, 57 Journal of the Indian Law Institute 92, 94(2015).

[24] Another issue is that risk aversion may lead to the underproduction of intellectual property from a social perspective because the market value of such property is frequently unpredictable. Kenneth Arrow noted this in a seminal study published in 1962. The significance of this issue is unclear, though. Diversification may minimise risk or even remove it, frequently at little expense. For example, a book publisher can achieve a typical return by releasing a number of books, some of which are hits while others perform better than expected.

[25] Richard A. Posner, Intellectual Property: The Law and Economics Approach, 19 Journal of economic Perspectives 57, 57-59(2005).

[26] Anubhav Mishra; The Role of Intellectual Property Rights in Economic Development (Mar. 10,2021, 12.39 PM), https://www.khuranaandkhurana.com/2021/03/10/the-role-of-intellectual-property-rights-in-economic-development/

[27] Ashok Chawla, Global Business and Competition Law in India,9, Indian Foreign Affairs Journal 173, 173(2014).

[29] B.S. Chauhan, Indian Competition Law: Global Context, 54 Journal of Indian Law Institute 315, 316(2012).

[1] Author is a 7th Semester BBA LLB Student at School of Legal Studies, CUSAT, gokulthejus03@gmail.com, 9846357214

[4] International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights,1966

[5] International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights,1966

[8] K.A Abbas v Union of India, (1970) 2 SCC 780: AIR 1971 SC 481. ⁹Indian Penal Code, 1860

[1] Raja Pocket Books v. Radha Pocket Books, AIR 1997 Del 6 (Dec. 6, 1996).

[2] R.G. Anand v. M/s Delux Films & Ors, AIR 1978 SC 1613 (Aug. 18, 1978).

[1] WIPO, “What is Intellectual Property?" http://www.wipo.int/edocs/pubdocs/en/intproperty/450/wipo_pub_450.pdf, accessed on January 29, 2024.

[2] David I. Bainbridge, “Intellectual Property” (first published in 1992, Pearson), accessed on January 31, 2024.

[3] Everyone has the right to freely participate in the cultural life of the community, to enjoy the arts, and to share in scientific advancement and its benefits.

[13] Sharma, Dushyant Kumar. "Intellectual property and the need to protect it." Indian J. Sci. Res 9, no. 1 (2014): 084-087, accessed on: February 2, 2024

[14] According to Sections: 18(1) to 39 of the Trademarks Act, 1999

[15] Haber S. and Stornetta WS, “How to Time-Stamp a Digital Document” (Journal of Cryptology, January 1, 1991), https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00196791, accessed on February 4, 2024.

[17] Grover, N. (n.d.). National Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) Policy: Science and Technology Notes. Prepp. https://prepp.in/news/e-492-national-intellectual-property-rights-ipr-policy-science-technology-notes, accessed on February 8, 2024

[18] Ito, Kensuke, and Marcus O’Dair. "A critical examination of the application of blockchain technology to intellectual property management." Business Transformation through Blockchain: Volume II (2019): 317–335, accessed on February 11, 2024

[19] Gupta, V. (2017). A Brief History of Blockchain. Harvard Business Review. Available at: https://hbr.org/2017/02/a-brief-history-of-blockchain. (https://hbr.org/2017/02/a-brief-history-of-blockchain), accessed on February 16, 2024.

[21] Rambhia, Vidhi, et al., "Intellectual Property Rights Management Using Blockchain." Information and Communication Technology for Competitive Strategies (ICTCS 2020): Intelligent Strategies for ICT. Springer Singapore. Accessed on February 18, 2024

[22] Savelyev, Alexander. "Copyright in the Blockchain Era: Promises and Challenges." Computer law and security review 34.3 (2018): 550–561. Accessed on: February 21, 2024

[25] Inshakova, Agnessa O., Tatiana V. Deryugina, and Evgenij Y. Malikov. "Intellectual property exchange as a platform for exclusive copyright transfer by means of smart contracts." 13th International Scientific and Practical Conference: Artificial Intelligence: Anthropogenic Nature vs. . Social Origin. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020, accessed on February 25, 2024

[26] Bonnet, S., & Teuteberg, F. (2023). “Impact of blockchain and distributed ledger technology for the management of the intellectual property life cycle: A multiple case study analysis." Computers in Industry, 144, 103789. Accessed on: February 27, 2024

[1]Reserch Scholar, Faculty of Law, Jamia Millia Islamia Central University, New Delhi.

Email: adv.skdwwivedi.@gmail.com

[4]Alock v. Royal Exchange Assurance Co. (1849) 116 ER 1275

[5]State of U.P. v. Deoman Upadhyaya, AIR 1960 SC 1125; State of Bombay v. Kanthi Kalu, AIR 1961 SC1808

[7]Ram Lochan Ahir v. State of W.B., AIR 1963 SC 1074

[8]Gaurav Aggarwal, Smart Study Series Forensic Medicine &Toxicology 73 (ELSEVIER A division of Reed Elsevier India Private Limited, Gurgaon Haryana), 2009)

[9]“Forensic Sciences and Criminology” by “Wafi Aziz Safwi” Available at: www.legalservicesindia.com (visited on February 20, 2020).

[10]Role of Forensic Science in the Criminal Justice System; Available at: https://www.theprotector.in/role-of-forensic-science-in-the-criminal-justice-system/ (visited on February 28, 2020).

[11]History of Forensic Science, available at:

https://application.wiley-vch.de/books/sample/3527347623_c01.pdf (visited on Mar 24, 2023)

[12]Available at https://www.imprintseals.org/A_History_of_Fingerprinting (visited on Mar 25, 2023)

[13]Virendra Khanna v. State of Karnataka Available at https://www.findlaw.com/criminal/criminal-procedure/fingerprints-the-first-id.html (visited on Mar 17, 2023)

[15]Bruce, R.M, “A brief history of forensic odontology since 1775” 3 J. Forensic Legal Med. (2010)

[18]Available at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5422639/#R1 (visited on Mar 17, 2023)

[19]Availableat https://www.dental.umaryland.edu/museum/exhibits/online-exhibits/forensic-odontology/what- can-forensic-odontology-be-used-for/ (visited on Mar 18, 2023)

[20]Available at https://sciencemonk.com/forensic-chemistry-applications-of-forensic-chemistry/ (visited on Mar 22, 2023)

[21]Brian Lane, the Encyclopedia of Forensic Science 5 (BCA Publication, London)

[22]Harbison, Corey, "ABO Blood Type Identification and Forensic Science (1900-1960)". Embryo Project Encyclopedia (2016)

[23]Available at https://www.news-medical.net/life-sciences/How-is-Trace-Evidence-Analyzed-in-Forensic- Cases.aspx (visited on Mar 14, 2023)

[24]Available at https://www.omicsonline.org/conferences-list/trace-evidence-analysis (visited on Mar 14, 2023)

[25]J. M. Tauplin, “Introduction to Forensic DNA Evidence for Criminal Justice Professionals” CRC Press, 2014

[26] Available at http://www.forensicsciencesimplified.org/dna/how.html (visited on Mar 25, 2023)

[27]Available at https://blog.ipleaders.in/forensic-science-criminal-justice-system/ (visited on March 4, 2023)

[32]Section 53 of the Criminal Procedure Code of 1973

[33]Section 164A of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973

[34]Criminal Law (Amendment) Act, 2005, available at https://www.latestlaws.com/bare-acts/central-acts- rules/criminal-laws/the-code-of-criminal-procedure-1973/criminal-law-amendment-act-2005 (visited on Mar 10, 2022)

[1] “Universal Declaration on Animal Welfare.” https://www.worldanimalprotection.ca/ sites/default/files/media/ca_-_en_files/case_for_a_udaw_tcm22-8305.pdf.

[2] Ranbir Singh Bedi and A. S. Bedi, Encyclopaedia of Environment & Pollution Laws, Orient Law House, 2006, p. 56.

[3] “Animal Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster.” https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/animal.

[4] “Animal Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster.” https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/animal.

[5] Calvert Watkins,, ed., “Animal”, The American heritage dictionary of Indo-European roots, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2006.

[7] “Animal - Oxford Learner's Dictionaries.” https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries. com/definition/ english/animal_1.

[8] “Universal declaration of animal rights (15 October 1978).” https://constitutii.files.wordpress.com/2016/06/file-id-607.pdf.

[9] The preamble of the Universal Declaration of Animal Rights.

[10] P. M. Bakshi, Constitution of India, Standard Book Company, New Delhi, 2010, p. 1.

[11] “Indian Constitution - Lok Sabha Secretariat.” http://164.100.47.193/Refinput /Research_ notes/English/04122019_153433_1021204140.pdf.

[12] Article 21 of the Consitution of India reads as following:“No person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to procedure stablished by law”.

[14] Taruni Kavuri, The Constitutional Scheme of Animal Rights in India, Animal Legal & Historical Center. Available on, “The Constitutional Scheme of Animal Rights in India | Animal Legal…”https://www.animallaw.info/article/constitutional-scheme-animal-rights-india.

[15] Dr. B. R. Ambedkar described Directive Principles as a “Novel Feature” of the Constitution.

[16] Constituent Assembly Debates on April 29, 1947. Available on “CAD | Volume no.7 | 18^th November 1948 - Constitution of India.” https://www.constitutionofindia.net/constitution_assembly_debates/volume/7/1948-11-18.

[17] “Organisation of agriculture and animal husbandry - The State shall endeavour to organise agriculture and animal husbandry on modern and scientific lines and shall, in particular, take steps for preserving and improving the breeds, and prohibiting the slaughter, of cows and calves and other milch and draught cattle.”

[18] Article 48A of the Constitution of India reads as following:

“Protection and improvement of environment and safeguarding of forests and wild life.—The State shall endeavour to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wild life of the country.”

[19] P.P. Mitra, An Introduction to Animal Laws in India, Thomson Reuters, Gurgaon, 2019, p. 6.

[21] P.P. Mitra, An Introduction to Animal Laws in India, Thomson Reuters, Gurgaon, 2019, p. 6.

[22] Alim v. State Of Uttarakhand and others, Writ Petition (PIL) No. 112 of 2017, In the High Court of Uttarakhand at Nainital, para 56.

[23] P.P. Mitra, An Introduction to Animal Laws in India, Thomson Reuters, Gurgaon, 2019, p.230.

[25] “India | World Animal Protection.” https://api.worldanimalprotection.org/country/india.

[29] “Animal protection laws in India - Taxolawgy.” https://www.taxolawgy.com/animal-protectionlaws-in-india/.

[31] “WWF-India applauds the declaration of the Gangetic River Dolphin ....” 6 Oct. 2009, https://www.wwfindia.org/?3540/National-Aquatic-Animal.

[32] “India bans use of dolphins for commercial entertainment.” 21 May. 2013, https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/india-bans-use-of-dolphins-for-commercial-entertainment-41127.

downtoearth.org.in/news/india-bans-use-of-dolphins-for-commercial-entertainment-41127.

[33] “Love for your pet bird can get you in jail, fine - Deccan Chronicle.” 2 Apr. 2017, https://www.deccanchronicle.com/lifestyle/pets-and-environment/020417/love-for-your-pet-bird-can-get-youin-

jail-fine.html.

[34] See Sec.11(1)(a), the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, 1960.

[35] See Sec.11(1)(n), the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, 1960.

[36] See Sec.11(1)(m)(ii) & (n), the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, 1960.

[37] P.P. Mitra, An Introduction to Animal Laws in India, Thomson Reuters, Gurgaon, 2019

UNIFORM CIVIL CODE: THE NECESSITY AND THE ABSURDITY BY - VIPIN KUMAR

AN ENQUIRY INTO THE LEGAL CHALLENGES OF CYBER WARFARE IN INTERNATIONAL LAW BY - DR. M.S. SHARMILA & VISHWA. B

THE ECONOMIC THEORIES OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT AND COMPETITION LAW BY - YOGALAKSHMI R & KANINIKA MAJUMDER*

ART, ARTIST AND THE LAW: EXPLORING BARRIERS IN ARTISTIC EXPRESSION BY - GOKUL THEJUS MENON

SEXUAL HARASSEMT AGAINST MALES: AN IGNORED SPHERE BY SOCIETY BY: ADVOCATE MAYURI YADAV

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BLOCKCHAIN AND INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY---A DYNAMIC DUO FOR THE RADICAL UPHEAVAL BY - ABHISHEK SINGH & KRUNAL MODI

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ANIMAL PROTECTION LAWS IN INDIA: AN ANALYSIS BY - MOHIT KUMAR & PROF. DR. RATTAN SINGH

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ETHICS & POLICY

IJLRA	N. Raj Kumar ; Kamble Shivadayal . "Design of Fault Tolerance Parallel FFT’s Using Xilinx 14.5v" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals Volume 5 Issue 8 2022 Page 1-6
IEEE	N. Raj Kumar ; Kamble Shivadayal . "Design of Fault Tolerance Parallel FFT’s Using Xilinx 14.5v" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, 5(8)

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