INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS

AN ANALYTICAL STUDY ON THE LEGAL PHILOSOPHIES THAT BINDS THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION THROUGH THE LENS OF LEGAL PHILOSOPHY OF ROSCOE POUND BY - SARATHY G

Authors : SARATHY G

Registration ID : 106991 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA6991

Year : March-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : reachsarathyg@gmail.com

Page No : 22 | No of times Downloads: 0065

Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/03.2024-51358271/AN ANALYTICAL STUDY ON THE LEGAL PHILOSOPHIES THAT

MFN TREATMENT AND REGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENTS: EXAMINING COMPATIBILITY AND CONFLICTS BY - TUSHTI RATNAPRIYA THAKUR & DR. VALARMATHI R

Authors : TUSHTI RATNAPRIYA THAKUR & DR. VALARMATHI R

Registration ID : 106989 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA6989 & IJLRA6990

Year : March-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : atushtilaw@gmail.com & valarmathi.r@christuniversity.in

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Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/03.2024-27769975/MFN TREATMENT AND REGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENTS: EXAMI

CASE ANALYSIS ON MANOHARLAL VS STATE OF PUNJAB (AIR 1961 SC 418) BY - NANDINI TANDON

Authors : NANDINI TANDON

Registration ID : 106988 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA6988

Year : March-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : nandinitandon38@gmail.com

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Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/03.2024-21854145/CASE ANALYSIS ON MANOHARLAL VS STATE OF PUNJAB (AI

ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION DUE TO FIRECRACKERS IN INDIA Arjun Gopal & Ors. Versus Union of India & Ors (ongoing) BY - SOUMYADIP CHAKRABORTY

Authors : SOUMYADIP CHAKRABORTY

Registration ID : 106987 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA6987

Year : March-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : 21jgls-sdchakraborty@jgu.edu.in

Page No : 12 | No of times Downloads: 0065

Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/03.2024-65558222/ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION DUE TO FIRECRACKERS IN I

REVIEW OF JUDICIAL DISCOURSE ON LEGAL EDUCATION IN INDIA BY: ARUN LAXMAN PATIL

Authors : ARUN LAXMAN PATIL

Registration ID : 106986 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA6986

Year : March-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : patilarun20@gmail.com

Page No : 30 | No of times Downloads: 0065

Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/03.2024-19747984/REVIEW OF JUDICIAL DISCOURSE ON LEGAL EDUCATION IN

EXPLORING THE INTERPLAY BETWEEN DEPLETING ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS UPON HEALTH: A SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON INDIAN CONSTITUTION BY: MANIKA BALIYAN & DR. RAMA SHARMA

Authors : MANIKA BALIYAN & DR. RAMA SHARMA

Registration ID : 106984 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA6984 & IJLRA6985

Year : March-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : MANIKA.BALIYAN@GMAIL.COM & rama@gbu.ac.in

Page No : 16 | No of times Downloads: 0065

Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/03.2024-22938845/EXPLORING THE INTERPLAY BETWEEN DEPLETING ENVIRONM

RECENT REFORMS IN INVESTOR-STATE DISPUTE SETTLEMENT BY - MANSI BENIWAL

Authors : MANSI BENIWAL

Registration ID : 106983 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA6983

Year : March-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : mansi05577@gmail.com

Page No : 11 | No of times Downloads: 0065

Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/03.2024-98735444/RECENT REFORMS IN INVESTOR-STATE DISPUTE SETTLEMEN

RELIABILITY OF EYEWITNESS TESTIMONY BY - APARNA KUMARI

Authors : APARNA KUMARI

Registration ID : 106982 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA6982

Year : March-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : aparna775719@nirmauni.ac.in

Page No : 12 | No of times Downloads: 0065

Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/03.2024-72951332/RELIABILITY OF EYEWITNESS TESTIMONY

ADVANCING PROTECTION: ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN SAFEGUARDING WOMEN AND CHILDREN UNDER INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW BY - MOUMALA BHATTACHARJEE, SAYANI CHATTERJI & SOMDATTA MUKHERJEE

Authors : MOUMALA BHATTACHARJEE, SAYANI CHATTERJI & SOMDATTA MUKHERJEE

Registration ID : 106979 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA6979, IJLRA6980 & IJLRA6981

Year : March-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : moumala.bhattacharjee@jisuniversity.ac.in, somdatta.mukherjee@jisuniversity.ac.in & sayanichattopadhyay99@gmail.com

Page No : 18 | No of times Downloads: 0065

Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/03.2024-76419871/ADVANCING PROTECTION: ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGE

REVISITING INDIAS ANTI-TORTURE LAWS: EXAMINING INTERROGATIONS AND CUSTODIAL ABUSE BY - SANKEERTANA KAVULURU

Authors : SANKEERTANA KAVULURU

Registration ID : 106978 | Published Paper ID: IJLRA6978

Year : March-2024 | Volume : II | Issue : 7

Approved ISSN : 2582-6433 | Country : Delhi, India

Email Id : sankeertana006@gmail.com

Page No : 15 | No of times Downloads: 0065

Doi Link : https://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/03.2024-61371328/REVISITING INDIAS ANTI-TORTURE LAWS: EXAMINING INT

International journal for legal research and analysis

Abbreviation:IJLRA

ISSN:2582-6433

Website:https://www.ijlra.com/

Accessibility:Open Access

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All research articles published INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS are fully open access. i.e. immediately freely available to read, download and share. Articles are published under the terms of a Creative Commons license which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors. They do not purport to reflect the opinions or views of the INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS or its members. The designations employed in this publication and the presentation of material therein do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR LEGAL RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS

[1] Wade, H. and Phillips, J., 'Constitutional Law' p 1.

[4] Constitution of India, art 14 (as of 28 September 2023)

[5] Raymond Wacks, Understanding Jurisprudence: An Introduction to Legal Theory (3rd edn, Oxford University Press 2012).

[8] Constitution of India, art 51 (as of 28 September 2023).

[9] Constitution of India, art 39 (as of 28 September 2023)

[11] Constitution of India, art 47 (as of 28 September 2023)

[12] Constitution of India, art 42 (as of 28 September 2023)

[13] Constitution of India, art 32 (as of 28 September 2023)

[15] Constitution of India, art 23 (as of 28 September 2023)

[16] Constitution of India, art 21 (as of 28 September 2023)

[17]Constitution of India, art 24 (as of 28 September 2023)

[18] Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005, Act No 43 of 2005 (India).

[19] The Indian Contract Act, 1872, Act No 9 of 1872 (India).

[20] Indian Penal Code 1860, § 353, No 45 of Acts of Parliament, 1860 (India).

[21] The Police Act, 1861, Act No 5 of 1861 (India).

[1] J. Jackson, W. Davey & A. Sykes, Legal Problems of International Economic Relations 453 (4th ed. 2002)

[2] FREE TRADE AGREEMENTS AND THE WTO EXCEPTIONS, https://www.everycrsreport.com/reports/RS21554.html#ifn4, (last visited Oct 21, 2023)

[3] Joost Pauwelyn. (2009). Multilateralizing Regionalism: What About an MFN Clause in Preferential Trade Agreements? Proceedings of the Annual Meeting (American Society of International Law), 103, 122–124

[4] Krueger, A. O. (1999). Are Preferential Trading Arrangements Trade-Liberalizing or Protectionist? The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 13(4), 105–124

[5] Nguyen, Duc Bao. "A New Examination of the Impacts of Regional Trade Agreements on International Trade Patterns." Journal of Economic Integration, 34(2), 2019, 236–79.

[6] MacPhee, Craig R., and Wanasin Sattayanuwat. "Consequence of Regional Trade Agreements to Developing Countries." Journal of Economic Integration, 29(1), 2014, 64–94.

[7] Hoang, Khac Lich, and Duc Bao Nguyen. "Trade Liberalization Schedules and Members’ Development Characteristics: How Are They Connected and Why Do They Matter to Trade Agreements?" Journal of Economic Integration, 37(4), 2022, 734–89

[1] Manohar Lal vs. State of Punajb, AIR 1961 SC 418.

[2] Punjab Trade Employees Act, 1940, § 7(1), No. 10, Acts of Punjab Legislature, 1940 (India).

[8] Francis Coralie Mullin vs. Union Territory of Delhi, AIR 1981 SC 746.

[9] Commissioner of Sales Tax, Madhya Pradesh, Indore and Ors. vs. Radhakrishan and Ors., AIR 1979 SC 1588.

[10] Madan Singh Shekhawat vs. Union of India, AIR 1999 SC 3378.

[1] I.A. No. 44727/2021 in WRIT PETITION(C) NO. 728/2015.

[2] Large inter annual variation in air quality during the annual festival ‘Diwali’ in an Indian megacity; https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1001074215004374?via%3Dihub .

[1] T.N. Godavarman Rao v. UOI, A.I.R 2003 SC 724 (India).

[2] Kisan Bhagwan Gawali v. State of Maharashtra, A.I.R 1990 Bom 343 (India).

It was held that the exclusion of a particular class of grazers from consideration and inclusion of some on the ground that the excluded class was indulging in illegal grazing is violative of Article 14 and invalid.

[3] Principle 1, Stockholm Declaration, 1972: “Man has the fundamental right to freedom, equality and adequate conditions of life, in an environment of a quality that permits a life of dignity and well-being…”

[4] Abhilash Textile v. Rajkot Municipal Corporation, A.I.R 1988 Guj,

No one has a right to carry on business so as to cause nuisance to society. One cannot carry on the business in a manner by which the business activity becomes a health hazard to the entire society.

[5] Amarnath Shrine, re, (2013) 3 S.C.C 247 (India).

The expression ‘life’ assured in Article 21 of the Constitution does not connote mere animal existence of continued drudgery through life. It has a much wider meaning which includes right to livelihood, better standards of life, hygienic conditions in workplace and leisure.

[6] T.N. Godavarman Thirumalpad v. Union of India, A.I.R 2003 SC 724 (India).

[7] Sushanta Tagore v. Union of India, A.I.R 2005 SC 1975.

Preservation of environment and keeping the ecological balance unaffected is a task which not only governments but also every citizen must undertake. It is a social obligation and let us remind every citizen that it is his fundamental duty as enshrined in Article 51 A (g) of the Constitution.

[8] M.C. Mehta v. Union of India, (1988) 1 S.C.C 471 (India).

A PIL can be brought by any public-spirited person, who may not be an aggrieved person, for a common cause or against any activity or conduct which adversely affects the public at large or group of persons.

[9] Vellore Citizen Welfare Forum v. Union of India, (1966) 5 S.C.C 647.

[10] Susan S. Lang, Water, Air and Soil Pollution Causes 40 percent of Deaths Worldwide, (2007).

According to Cornell University study, air pollution from smoke and various chemicals kills 3 million people a year.

[11] Mahdi Balali Mood, Kobra Naseri, Zoha Tahergirabi, Mohammad Reza Khazdair and Mahmood Sadeghi, Toxic Mechanisms of Five Heavy Metals: Mercury, Lead, Chromium, Cadmium and Arsenic, Frontiers Pharmacology 1,1 (2021).

Chemicals such as chromium, cadmium, asbestos, arsenic, cyanide and mercury, usually found in waste from pharmaceuticals, fertilizer and pesticide industries also have harmful effects on human health.

[12] E.F Roberts, ‘The right to a decent environment: A premature construct’, Environment Policy and Law, vol 1, 1975-76, p. 185.

[17] Consumer Education And Research Centre v. Union of India, A.I.R 1995 SC 922(India).

[18] Vellore Citizen’s Welfare Forum v. Union of India, A.I.R 1996 SC 2715 (India).

The Supreme Court in this case held that the redemption of the damaged environment is part of the process of “sustainable development” and as such polluter is liable to pay the cost of the individual sufferers as well as the cost of reversing the damaged ecology.

[19] M.C Mehta v. Union of India (Shriram Gas Leak Case), A.I.R 1987 SC 1086(India).

The Supreme Court while determining an important question as to the amount of compensation payable to the victims affected by leakage of oleum gas from the factory held that it could entertain a petition under Article 32 of the Constitution and it could lay down the principles on which the quantum of compensation could be computed and paid. The court in this case evolved the principle of absolute liability to pay the compensation for the violation of fundamental rights. The court also stated that that the right to life also contains the right to claim compensation. This case is significant as it evolved a new jurisprudence of liability towards the victims of pollution caused by the industry engaged in hazardous and inherently dangerous activities.

[1] Fahsing I. A., Ask K., Granhag P. A. (2004). The man behind the mask: Accuracy and predictors of eyewitness offender descriptions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89, 722–729.

[2] Steblay N. K., Dysart J. E. (2016). Repeated eyewitness identification procedures with the same suspect. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 5, 284–289.

[3] Wells W., Campbell B., Li Y., Swindle S. (2016). The characteristics and results of eyewitness identification procedures conducted during robbery investigations in Houston, TX. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, 39, 601–619.

[4] Thomas D Albright, Identification of Culprit: Assessing Eyewitness Identification (first published in 2014) 170.

[5] Roper, R., & Shewan, D. (2002). Compliance and eyewitness testimony: Do eyewitnesses comply with misleading ‘expert pressure

’ during investigative interviewing? Legal and Criminological Psychology, 7(2), 155-163.

[8] Jenkins, L. (2019, February 15). Memory in the Real World: How Reliable is Eyewitness Testimony? Retrieved from https://www.psychreg.org/how-reliable-eyewitness-testimony/

[9] Rattner, Arye. Convicted but Innocent: Wrongful Conviction and the Criminal Justice System, 12(3) Law and Human Behavior, 283 (1988).

[10] Woolnough P. S., MacLeod M. D. (2001). Watching the birdie watching you: Eyewitness memory for actions using CCTV recordings of actual crimes. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 15, 394–411.

[11] Yates S. Q. (2017, January 6). Memorandum for heads of department law enforcement components, all department prosecutors. Washington, DC: Office of the Deputy Attorney General, U.S. Department of Justice. Retrieved from https://www.justice.gov/archives/opa/press-release/file/923201/download

[1] International Committee of the Red Cross – Geneva Conventions and their commentaries (01 Jan, 2014) https://www.icrc.org/en/war-and-law/treaties-customary-law/geneva-conventions (last visited on 12th Dec, 2023)

[2] Francoise Krill, International Committee of the Red Cross, The Protection of Women in International Humanitarian Law 31-12-1985 Article, International Review of the Red Cross, NO. 249, (31^st Dec 1985) https://www.icrc.org/en/doc/resources/documents/article/other/57jmfj.htm (last visited on 25th December, 2023)

[3] Office of the Special Adviser on Gender Issues and Advancement of Women, https://www.un.org/womenwatch/osagi/wps/ (last visited on 10th January, 2024)

[6] Denise Plattner, International Committee of the Red Cross, The Protection of Children in International Humanitarian Law, Article, International Review of the Red Cross, NO. 240 (30^th June, 1984) https://www.icrc.org/en/doc/resources/documents/article/other/57jmat.htm (last visited on 12th December, 2023)

[7] United nations Human Rights, Office of the High Commissioner- https://www.ohchr.org/en/instruments-mechanisms/instruments/convention-rights-child (last visited on 12th Dec., 2023)

[8] Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court: https://legal.un.org/icc/statute/99_corr/cstatute.htm (last visited on 10th Dec, 2023)

[11]United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs https://www.unocha.org/ (last visited on 10th Dec, 2023)

[12] Andrea Farres Jimenez, Embedding Gender in International Humanitarian Law: Is Artificial Intelligence Up to the Task? (27^th Aug, 2021), https://www.justsecurity.org/77970/embedding-gender-in-international-humanitarian-law-is-artificial-intelligence-up-to-the-task/ (last visited on 12th Dec, 2023)

[13] Rowena Rodrigues, Legal and Human Right Issues of AI: Gaps, Challenges and Vulnerabilities, Volume 4, (Dec, 2020) https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666659620300056 ((last visited on 22^nd Dec, 2023)

[1] Prakash Singh v. Union of India (2006) 8 SCC1

[2] Mohit Rao, “Indian police use violence as a shortcut to justice. It’s the poorest who bear the scars”, (CNN Article, Dt. 3rd Dec. 2020)

[3] The Police Force Act (Restriction of Rights) vide notification No. G.S.R 1848, 3rd Dec. 1966.

[4] Mohd Rameez Raza and Ujjwal Singh, INTERROGATIONS AND CUSTODIAL TORTURES: WHY INDIA NEEDS TO RE-ANALYSE ITS LACUNAE OF ANTI-TORTURE LAWS? , (SSRN Article Dt. 16 Aug. 2021)

[5] D.K. Basu v. State of West Bengal, 1 SCC 416 (1997); See also: Joginder Kumar v. State of U.P., 4 SCC 260 (1994); Nilabati Behera

[6] Sheela Barse v. State of Maharashtra, 2 SCC 96 (1983).

[8] A. K. Sahdev v. Ramesh Nanji Shah, Cri.LJ 2645 Bom (1998)

[9] Pragati Sen, “Get complete information on Police Organisation of the Mughal Empire” article on preservearticles.com

[10] Robyn Wilson “Inside Cellular Jail: the horrors and torture inflicted by the Raj on India’s political activists.” (Independent, Dt. 11th Aug. 2017).

[11] Dhaval Kulkarni, “How communal conflict led to the birth of Ganesh Utsav”, (Hindustan Times, Dt. 22nd Aug. 2022).

[12] Fr Joyce Kaithakottil “Remembering the Angamaly police firing” (The Indian Express, 12th June 2009)

[13] Reports available at npc_recommendations.pdf (humanrightsinitiative.org)

[14] Dhananjay Mahapatra, “Threat to human rights and bodily integrity is highest in police stations: CJI Ramana”, (Times of India, Dt. 9 th Aug. 2021).

IJLRA	N. Raj Kumar ; Kamble Shivadayal . "Design of Fault Tolerance Parallel FFT’s Using Xilinx 14.5v" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals Volume 5 Issue 8 2022 Page 1-6
IEEE	N. Raj Kumar ; Kamble Shivadayal . "Design of Fault Tolerance Parallel FFT’s Using Xilinx 14.5v" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, 5(8)

AN ANALYTICAL STUDY ON THE LEGAL PHILOSOPHIES THAT BINDS THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION THROUGH THE LENS OF LEGAL PHILOSOPHY OF ROSCOE POUND BY - SARATHY G

MFN TREATMENT AND REGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENTS: EXAMINING COMPATIBILITY AND CONFLICTS BY - TUSHTI RATNAPRIYA THAKUR & DR. VALARMATHI R

CASE ANALYSIS ON MANOHARLAL VS STATE OF PUNJAB (AIR 1961 SC 418) BY - NANDINI TANDON

ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION DUE TO FIRECRACKERS IN INDIA Arjun Gopal & Ors. Versus Union of India & Ors (ongoing) BY - SOUMYADIP CHAKRABORTY

REVIEW OF JUDICIAL DISCOURSE ON LEGAL EDUCATION IN INDIA BY: ARUN LAXMAN PATIL

EXPLORING THE INTERPLAY BETWEEN DEPLETING ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS UPON HEALTH: A SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON INDIAN CONSTITUTION BY: MANIKA BALIYAN & DR. RAMA SHARMA

RECENT REFORMS IN INVESTOR-STATE DISPUTE SETTLEMENT BY - MANSI BENIWAL

RELIABILITY OF EYEWITNESS TESTIMONY BY - APARNA KUMARI

ADVANCING PROTECTION: ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN SAFEGUARDING WOMEN AND CHILDREN UNDER INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW BY - MOUMALA BHATTACHARJEE, SAYANI CHATTERJI & SOMDATTA MUKHERJEE

REVISITING INDIAS ANTI-TORTURE LAWS: EXAMINING INTERROGATIONS AND CUSTODIAL ABUSE BY - SANKEERTANA KAVULURU

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